Imfundo yabantwana. Pedagogy njengento imfundo

Wonke umzali ufuna umntwana wakhe akhule uphume emntwini afundile, elizimeleyo, ingaqhelekanga, self-ngenkuthalo umntu. Le nkqubo entsonkothileyo kakhulu kwaye ngokuqhubekayo. Kufuneka siqonde ukuba uphuhliso umntwana kufuneka budibane isixa esikhulu solwazi kule daze uncedo kuyimfuneko. Nenyameko kufuneka uqale ukusuka ekuzalweni. Imfundo Arts - inkqubo eyimfuneko elizayo kakuhle-ntle umntwana, abazali bakhe kunye noluntu ngokubanzi.

Bonke ootitshala nabazali bazi ukuba abantwana bafunda kakuhle umzekelo engaqhelekanga. Ukuba, umzekelo, kuthiwa ukuba ukuphakamisa ilizwi womntwana kwincoko, kodwa umama wam yena rhoqo ekhala, emva koko ukweyisela umva nzima kakhulu usana.

yokulingisa abadala

Kwinqanaba ienjini, umntwana wabumba umnqweno ukuxelisa abadala. Kwimeko enjalo aphela rhoqo kuvela ukungaboni ukungafani olufunayo kwaye eyona nto iya kusoloko kuthwala ukuxhathisa. indlela ofanele ukuba imfundo inceda ukuhlakulela ubuntu ezimeleyo, Yomelela, kwaye kwixesha elizayo ukuze siphephe iingxaki kunye neengxaki ezininzi. Kwaye enze umntu wonke - bubuchule yemfundo.

Ootitshala, bengqondo, iingcali zefilosofi, iinkokeli zonqulo iimbono zabo inkqubo. Kwaye bavame kuyaphikisana. Namhlanje kunzima kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa kwaye khetha umendo ekunene ehlabathini uhuhamba enkulu kolwazi. Ukongeza uthando kunye nokwamkelwa umntwana njengokuba yena, abazali kufuneka ulwazi olongezelelweyo:

1. Kwi awohluke ngokwasengqondweni-komzimba yamaqela yobudala ahlukeneyo. Kuyimfuneko ukwazi oko yafuna umntwana, kwaye kusekwangoko kakhulu.
2. Inkqubo yemfundo entsatsheni. Ukuhlaziya isithethe nentsapho yakhe, ungenza into eluncedo malunga nomntwana, okanye ngokuchasene noko, abanye alungise ukuziphatha kwabo.
3. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba, kungakhathaliseki ubudala, umntwana ngumntu, yaye abazali babo. Ngoko ke, inkululeko endayinyusayo besebancinane.

ukungahambisani

Kufuneka iqondwe: kwinkqubo yemfundo kufuneka ibe ukuphikisana xa umama ivumela vala upopu, okanye ngolunye uhlobo. Oku kukhokelela ungquzulwano ngokomoya zangaphakathi ezinkulu apho umntwana akuyondlwan 'iyanetha ukulwa, yaye ngoko ke siziguqulela iingxaki ezinkulu ziye omdala. Kuyinto yimpazamo ukukholelwa ukuba umntwana bakhuliswe - lowo ngokukweka bathobele abazali babo.

Umsebenzi ophambili ngabazali - ukunceda umntwana wakho abe ngumntu, thola iitalente zabo kunye ubomi, kwaye ukwenza ukuba ikopi yakhe. Oku ubugcisa lokukhulisa umntwana.

Ingxaki kwemfundo lwangoku

Ootitshala kunye nootitshala bathi abazali namhlanje baye ngokupheleleyo bayeke ukujongana nabantwana kunye abanomdla kwimfundo yabo. Yintoni abazali nomsindo baphendule ukuba akunjalo, kuba sifunda zonke iincwadi ezifanelekileyo kwezemfundo, ukuba bathumele abantwana babo kwicandelo lezemidlalo, ukudanisa, kuqesha owayendifundisa ukuthetha ekhaya.

Le ngxaki kwemfundo mihla: abazali, ukuzama ukunika umntwana intle yonke, musa ukubona indlela ukutyhalela elugcinweni abasemzini, ngelixa isiseko iyafakwa usapho ngamnye. Kwaye kule nkalo ukuze siphelise yonke uxanduva nokuba iingcali abakwazi ukuthi: kufuneka ukuba abeke umphefumlo wakhe.

imfundo Arts ekhaya

Art kwemfundo yosapho kukuba umntwana kufuneka aqonde: uthando lwakhe hayi into, anako, nokuba ukugqwesa kwizifundo okanye ukwenye intsimi. Nathi abadala kucacile ukuba uthando yenzala - lula, kodwa ke kufuneka uze nobungqina rhoqo. Baby kufuna ingqalelo rhoqo kwaye wenze njengoko kunjalo: izenzo elungileyo okanye embi, ukuxhatshazwa, okanye elukhuni. Kwaye kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda ukuba intuthuzelo yovakalelo umntwana - kuqala. Akukho mfuneko ukuvavanya umntwana kunye nezenzo zakhe, oko kuyimfuneko ukuze uthando ukwamkela ndlela.

Ngaba sithanda kuwabhuqa umntwana?

Ukuba Luthando ngokwenene, ngoko akunakwenzeka ukuba amaxhoba umntwana akhule kulo yena yedwa. Abazali ngokwenene abantwana babo abalibali ayilawulwa kwaye uhambe ngayo.

Kungenxa kule ntsapho umntwana esoloko ebazi okokuqala kunye ingqiqo ka "ezilungileyo" "nezingalunganga", yena ifumana ingcamango ngobomi nendlela ukuba enze nayiphi na imeko elinikiweyo. Entsatsheni, umntwana wayethimb eluntwini, yiyo ke le nto kubalulekile ukuba usana waba oodade kunye nabazalwana.

Akukho cebiso jikelele kwintsapho nganye kubazali efanelekileyo. Ngapha koko, kufuneka uthathe ingqalelo inani kunye nobudala ukubunjwa, kwinqanaba loluntu intsapho ngamnye. Kodwa kukho ezinye izikhokelo ukuba kufuneka wazi yonke umzali:

• Umntwana kufuneka ukhulele kusemnandi, uthando, ububele.
• Baby, kungakhathaliseki ubudala kunye nokugqwesa yena ubuqu, kufuneka ukuba umthande futhi umazise njengomntu.
• Kuyimfuneko ukuva abantwana baze babancede ukuphuhlisa izakhono zabo.
• Iimfuno High kungaba kuphela ngokusekelwe ukuhloniphana.
• Amaxesha amaninzi ingxaki ilele yokuziphatha yabazali, kuba abantwana bengazi ikopi omthandayo.
• Awukwazi ukugxila iintsilelo komntwana, kubalulekile ukuba sinikele ingqalelo kwizinto ezakhayo. Kungenjalo, nokuphuhlisa izakhiwo.
• Naluphi na uqeqesho kufuneka yenziwe ngohlobo imidlalo.

oziphatha ngayo

Makarenko inyanzelise ukuba abazali kufuneka ingqalelo kakhulu yonke into bathi wenze, ukuba babone ukuba ubomi babo into enokwenza ingozi imfundo yabantwana womntakayise, yinto kufuneka hlaziya, ulungise kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko , bamshiya ngokupheleleyo.

"Pedagogy" - ilizwi weza Lexicon yethu eGrisi, ibe ngokoqobo eliguqulelwe ngokuthi "detovozhdenie" okanye imfundo. ERashiya, kwafika eli ingqiqo ilifa yentanda yempucuko yamandulo. Pedagogy njengento imfundo yinxalenye yenkqubo iyonke zophuhliso ezinxulumene-ubudala. Oku izifundo zesayensi limenza:

• inkululeko;
• abantu;
• zokuziphatha;
• ingqondo yemveli.

Basics pedagogy

Umsebenzi ezingundoqo abadala - ukudlulisela amava kwizizukulwana ezizayo. Pedagogy esifunda umntu imfundo, kungakhathaliseki ubudala. Ulwazi kwale nzululwazi ebalulekileyo kunceda ukuba ukhethe simse kwisimo ngasinye. Kodwa practice, unako ukuphendula, yintoni na pedagogy - ubugcisa okanye inzululwazi, kodwa ixesha elide, la magama baye zadityaniswa. Lo titshala uyazi ukuba, engazi inzululwazi elungileyo, akunakwenzeka ukuba ukusebenzisa kunye nobugcisa yemfundo. Apha, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba uthando nentlonipho umntu ekhulayo.

imfundo Arts - eyona nto inzima yenziwe ngumntu. Alinako ingohlulwa kwinkqubo yemfundo, kwaye ihlala ixesha ezikhulayo yonke. iingxaki zemfundo izinto ezininzi kunye ebanzi. Kungenxa ikwinkqubo yokuqeqesha umfundi imikhwa kwakhiwa, izakhono, iminqweno, kufuneka ezihlangabezana okanye musa ukuhlangabezana imilinganiselo yokuziphatha.

Nanamhla oku, iingcamango zokufundiswa kwe A. S. Makarenko ezisetyenziswa kuphuhliso imiba semfundo yaye mayinike i mthombo obalulekileyo ulwazi luncedo. Formation of umntu - le yinkqubo yemfundo eqhubekayo.

Yintoni art imfundo?

definition ocacile akunakwenzeka. Izazinzulu babeka ingqiqo eyahlukileyo kulo mbono. Yintoni na imfundo, ngokoluvo lwabo? Le yenye amacandelo amaninzi, phakathi leyo ebaluleke kakhulu:

• ukunakekela of zezempilo;
• unendaba eziphathekayo kunye ntle yokomoya umntwana;
• imfundo zokuziphatha;
• tempering lomoya kunye uxanduva, kwaye kakhulu ngakumbi.

zokuziphatha

Ikamva abantu ngoku idlala egadini, ehleli edesikeni. Kuyinto kom- kakhulu, kwaye ngeliphandle, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ngokupheleleyo ezandleni abadala. Indlela ukwenza abazali nootitshala babantwana, ngoko kuya kwenzeka kwixesha elizayo. Nabo nje kuphela, kodwa ihlabathi liphela ngendlela kwamashumi ambalwa. Olilizwe oya kwakha namhlanje isizukulwana esitsha, ukudala ngezandla zabo thina abadala.

Boris Mihaylovich Nemensky, utitshala eSoviet, baqulunqe ingcamango: isikolo isigqibo oko baya kuba nemihlali, yaye intiyo abantu iminyaka 20-30. Oku ngokusondeleyo kunye inqubo izizukulwana ezizayo akanakuba ngokupheleleyo ukuba bakhuliswe yokuziphatha eliphezulu. Namhlanje, lo ingqalelo kwingxaki ukuqhutywa ngobhalo ideology yobuhle byi okhethekileyo. Ngapha koko, le ndlela kunye nokukhula ngokwasengqondweni kwaye yokuziphatha, kungoko uphuhliso ubuntu zizityebi ngokomoya. Ngoko ke, imfundo yabantwana unguye - ukuba loo multi-amaninzi elukhuni, ekufuneka inikwe ingqalelo ekhethekileyo.