Iintlobo izikhova: ifoto kunye nenkcazelo. Polar and white nefubesi: ITEKISI

Izikhova - ziintaka ezahlukileyo yonke amalungu yabo yokuphila. Ba kakhulu ebusuku, njengokuba ubona kakuhle ebumnyameni. iinzipho abukhali kubavumela ukuba ukuzingela phantsi kwaye ibulale ixhoba layo washona. Zeziphi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo izikhova, yaye ziziphi iimpawu zazo zahluke? Le nto ke ngoku kwaye siza sithethe. Ngoko nangoko kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba kukho malunga 220 iintlobo, kodwa siza kujonga eyona umdla kubo.

A kangako iimpawu izikhova

kufuneka nje ukuba athi amagama ambalwa malunga ubungakanani ezi ntaka. Ilungu incinane, kuba yena, enyanisweni, wafumana igama layo - pygmy yesikhova. Weight birdies grams nje 50-80, nobude akukho iisentimitha ngaphezu kwama-20. Kodwa isikhova kakhulu elikhulu - owl. Kudla kukho abantu ukuba bafikelele ngobukhulu umxhelo. Ubude ngeesentimitha eziyi-60-75, ubunzima ukuya ngeekhilogram 4. Noko ke, nokuba bangakanani na, zonke iintlobo izikhova nentloko enkulu kunye neentsiba esihle, ngenxa yoko abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba ngeenxa zonke. Ngenxa neentsiba zayo ezithile wabumba flat diski ebusweni. amehlo ezinkulu, ezintle - oku koko batsala uninzi lwezi ezizingelayo. Bathi kakhuhle uyakwazi ukufaka ukuhamba enkulu ukukhanya ngamandla ephantsi, nto leyo evumela ukuba babone ngokugqibeleleyo kwaye umkhondo ixhoba labo ebusuku.

Iindlebe izikhova njengesiqhelo, kuba akukho lwangaphandle. Umzekelo, "amade" uye izithungu ezongezelelweyo pen-ethe-ethe ukuphucula ubambe izandi ngqo ukuya endlebeni. Ngenxa yelungiselelo yezi, irhamncwa kuveza kakuhle umthombo isandi, elikuvumela ukuba uhambe ngokukhawuleza. Kubalulekile ukunikela ingqalelo kwinto yokuba abangevayo ukuba isikhova kubaluleke ngaphezu umbono, kwaye sensory umbutho omkhulu, kuba ngaphandle kwalo, le ntaka akayi kuba nako ukuzingela nje. Ezihamba ngamathupha azo kuzo zonke iintlobo izikhova beqine kunene neenzipho ezibukhali nga kweso ukubulala ixhoba laso.

Species izikhova: inkcazelo emfutshane

Makhe sijonge amaqela ezininzi ezidla, eziyiyo ekhululekile kwaye umdla. Siza uqale Tawny Owl. Oku ngokwenene nefubesi ebusuku, gourmet, abakhetha ukubona kuphela mouse kwi menu. Ke ukuba tight kakhulu nemveliso, ungenza iphazanyiswe kukumagobo amavukuthu, abasukuba bengalinqulanga kodwa yashiya indlwane, okanye iintaka ezisentlabathini. Nazo olu hlobo kulo lonke elaseYurophu, kodwa kaninzi eSpeyin, Greece njalo njalo. N. Kwixesha elidlulileyo bekucingelwa ukuba nabo bahlala eSiberia, kodwa izifundo zingakhange zivelise iziphumo. Ubude leesampulu enkulu ukufikelela kangangesiqingatha semitha namaphiko semitha enye.

owl phambene - nenciniba, egqalwa kunazo zonke ezaziwayo namhlanje Owl. Ubude umntu oyindoda omdala malunga-70 cm kwaye namaphiko 120 cm kunokuba. Ngokungafaniyo nezinye bonke abameli nenciniba, ngoko ke akukho akukho mahluko phakathi kwabantu besini esahlukileyo. Ngokukhethekileyo, olu hlobo kudla ayiphelelanga ukuzingelwa yeempuku. Kananjalo zizingela imivundla, icula okanye imivundla. Kwakukho iimeko nditsho ookhwalimanzi yokungqubana kunye nemvelo Owl, ngethamsanqa, lwabameli asinda.

Cave owl kuqhelekile eMelika. Nest yena rips emhlabeni, kaninzi ezinkqantosini, ezindulini. Amaxesha amaninzi oko zakhele imingxuma kwabanye, ezifana anteaters kunye armadillos. Eyona nto inomdla kakhulu kukuba le Isikhova kunye nezinye izilwanyana ezanyisayo bangaphila kakhulu ngoxolo kumngxuma efanayo. Ukungqinwa oku wabanjwa ubungqina ngokuphindaphindiweyo.

Ifubesi nefubesi elide-eared

"Ukumkani wobusuku" - oko kukuthi igama lomnye ngabameli zinkulu isikhova yosapho. Ubude bakaRafa umzimba ngamanye amaxesha ufikelela iisentimitha 78, kunye namaphiko kwisiqingatha semitha. Senzeka phantse onke amazwe World Old. Nangona yokuhlala ngokubanzi, 'ukumkani ebusuku "ayikwazi kubizwa ngokuba eziqhelekileyo, enyanisweni ayikho nje eqhelekileyo. Emahlathini of Russia owl kubhaliwe kunqabile kakhulu, kuba ude wazisa eNcwadini oluBomvu. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba kulo irhamncwa ngenkankulu uhamba, yena uhlala kunyaka kwindawo indlwane emva konyaka. Ngokubhekiselele kuzingela, usetsho ngenxa yabo owl ukutya ephuma kuphela ebusuku. Zombini ekuyo ezincinane nezinkulu abe ixhoba lakhe. Kakade ke, iimpuku uthando kuzo zonke iintlobo nezikhova, ngokunjalo nangabameli beSebe ikati, ngoko owl uhlawula ingqalelo kakhulu.

Long-amade - yinto mini-uguqulelo we isikhova. Le irhamncwa ezahlukeneyo ukusuka ngentla ngokuthi unomzimba obhityileyo kunye kwezoqoqosho kakhulu iindlebe. iinyanda ezongezelelweyo iintsiba yenza le owl ludaba ngcono kancinci. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba iintlobo le ntaka ezithile ubone ezinye iintlobo ngcono thile. Ukuba ifubesi akanako ukuma abanye abemi enamaphiko, nengcwangube elide-eared obangela ukuphazamiseka enjalo. Nto ke ayithethi ndlongondlongo, kwaye kwakha nobuhlobo ngakumbi. Ngamanye amaxesha ungabona indlela ekusasazweni kwesi izikhova ukuqokelela abantu emthini efanayo-20 okanye ngaphezulu. Ngoko ke hlala emva kwexesha ebusuku, yaye ngoko ke umhlambi uphela uye kuzingela.

White Owl: intaka yinto enqabileyo yaye intle kakhulu

Abantu abadala bafikelele iisentimitha 71 ubude, yaye apho namaphiko lingaphezu kweemitha isiqingatha. Umbala kuxhomekeke yobudala. Kwencinane ngamnye, iindawo ezininzi elimdaka bonke phezu komzimba. Kufuphi intaka endala kunokuba kakhulu nekhephu. Ngelishwa, abantu abanjalo iminyaka enqabileyo emininzi ekuphawuleni phantsi zemvelo polar izikhova-waphila. Ngekhephu Owl ithanda wedwa, yaye le ndoda ayizange bakholwe umhlobo wakhe ngenxa yezizathu kakuhle liqinisekile. Ngenxa yale irhamncwa uyamthanda backcountry, apho uchitha uninzi lobomi bakhe. Kuyinto eqhelekileyo kakhulu kwi eyetundra kwaye emehlweni omangalisayo, ingakumbi ukuba enkulu "olumkileyo" ummeli ukuba phantse akukho amabala brown. ukuhlasela abazibone amaxhoba, apho wadubula umzingeli. Kodwa kwiimeko ezininzi le owl ummeli uziphatha ngononophelo kwaye zama ukuba kuwa emehlweni ndoda. Makhe sithethe okungakumbi ngale irhamncwa.

yokuhlala

Enyanisweni, nenkuku yamanzi, i ifoto ukuba uphupha ukwenza abaphandi ephambili, uhlala kumazwe amaninzi kunye neendawo. Okokuqala, oko kukuthi, Kakade ke, lo kumathafa, kodwa kusenziwa, le ntaka inokubhabha kwaye kancinane ukuya emntla. Abahambi endleleni yabo eya North Pole uhlala wadibana le nomzingeli, ngoko ke kunzima ukuxelela apho iphela yokuhlala nekhephu Owl. Shpitsbergera elunxwemeni, ingakumbi emantla-ntshona, nasezantsi, nabo abantu ngala abemi, kodwa mpimo lowutsongo. Ngamanye amaxesha kuyenzeka ukuba uzigcine ezi izikhova kwaye kufuphi nonxweme naseNovosibirsk. Njengoko kuba kumathafa, ngoko kwintsimi yayo yonke, kuya kwenzeka ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi ngokulinganayo. Kodwa unako ukufumana njalo ethile: ezi Lemmings ezingakumbi, nto leyo ke ukutya ephambili kule ndawo, njengenciniba polar ngakumbi, yaye vice versa. Enyanisweni, lo isikhova ngekhephu, ifoto ekufuneka-yabona, yinto eqhelekileyo, kodwa ngenxa yokuba kuqhelekile kwiindawo ezibandayo ngayo emhlabeni, abantu ezijongene hayi kakhulu nayo.

izikhova Veliswa ezibandayo

Kukhuselekile ukuba ndithi esona sizathu sokuba yokufa izikhova kuba indlala. Izikhova zixhomekeke kakhulu ibuzi abemi. Kunyaka embi sandibulala ukuya 30-60% labantu abatsha. Ukuba iimpuku ezincinane kakhulu izinto ezimbalwa, yaye abemi njengenciniba inyuswe kakhulu. Ngethamsanqa, lo hlobo akaxhomekekanga kangaka, ngoko indima kunokuba enkulu edlalwa ngumntu uzingela le ntaka. Izikhova zizala kanye ngonyaka maphakathi-Meyi. Ukubeka ababhinqileyo liwaqandusele iintsuku 30-34. Ngamanye amaxesha inani amaqanda ukuya kwiiyunithi-11, kodwa intaka avareji izalela amaqanda 4-6. Indima iduna ekuveliseni ukutya oyinkazana, uze ukuzingcungcuthekisa. Ngamanye amaxesha kuyenzeka ukuba zibhubha ababhinqileyo inkunzi ifukama clutch iyaqhubeka. Hi ndlela leyi, nangona yokuba isikhova - intaka abantu ezidla ezinkulu basweleka, umzekelo, ukusuka ukudubula abazingeli okanye indlala, iperi yabo, bakhetha kanye ebomini. Oku kusebenza kuphela leenciniba polar, kodwa ezinye iintlobo ezininzi zeentaka kweli qela.

Features ezimibalabala nokuziphatha

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe ngentla apha, umbala kwezi izikhova kuyahlukana nedlela yobudala. Ezisencinci nezinala ngokupheleleyo, kufuneka akhanya wonke umzimba, lo gama ubudala angumndilili intaka zipeyintwe amabala longitudinal entloko kunye lukangxabalaza emzimbeni. Kodwa umdla omkhulu kubaphandi kuyinto abadala ethile. Ukuba uyakwazi ukufumana nengcwangube endala kakhulu, kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuya kuba white ngokupheleleyo, ngaphandle ngamabala. Kodwa njengokuba isikhova - intaka edla inyama, loo nto ayisoloko siphile ngokuvisisana yokwaluphala, yaye ke ngoko kubangela umdla mpilweni evela abangenamvume, Abaxhobele ukudubula iintaka ngenxa yenzuzo. Yiloo nto ezi amarhamncwa ubomi bakhe bezama ukunqanda abantu. Kodwa ukuze kuyenzeka ukuba umntu esondela kakhulu, kulo mzekelo, nengcwangube BAZENZA ngekhephu ukuba wonzakele okanye nabafileyo. Kodwa ukuba isisongelo ayilwamkeli ngokukhawuleza liphuma kunye neempukane. Singatsho kakuhle ukuba nenkuku - Njengentaka, kuqala kwiinto zonke, zonke iindleko izama ukugcina abantwana babo, uya kusoloko amkhusele. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, inkunzi ukhusela nemazi, bekhangele entabeni, yaye ingozi encinane yenza ekhala kabuhlungu.

iinyani ezinika umdla malunga izikhova polar

Eli qela ezidla uyahluka ngokuthi bahambe ezingela kuphela ebusuku kunye ngokuhlwa, kodwa ilanga liphume. Amaxesha amaninzi, kwenzeka emva kwemini, xa isikhova kakhulu yindlala. Phambi kokuba uqale ukuzingela, le ntaka iyabhabha phezulu phezu kwenduli okanye intaba, apho okubeka esweni iimviwo ukuba ngexesha elithile. Ekubeni owl ngekhephu - intaka zokuzingela kwi iziza ezincinane kakhulu komhlaba, ngaphakathi ngosuku awukwazi singalahlekani. Kakade ke, maxa wambi nkqu iingcali izikhova abanolwazi awukwazi ukufumana ngaphakathi kuluhlu le ntaka. abantu abaninzi ziyoyika kakhulu, nangona bona ukusongela ngqo baye ngaphesheya kunqabile kakhulu, ngenxa yokuba abantu abahluphekayo zokuhlala zabo. Mhlawumbi le mpendulo libonisa i ephuhliswe kakuhle ithuku for self-ukulondoloza. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba isikhova ngekhephu - intaka elikwaziyo yokugxotha ezizingelayo olo suku njenge Intambanane okanye ukhozi. Kwezilwanyana ezinkulu, kunqabile ukuba ukuhlasela, kodwa kwindlwana kunye sovyatami abaselula bedla zibukele.

yeembalasane

Uninzi abaphandi ehlabathini jikelele ziye kufika kwisigqibo sokuba intsapho izikhova - iqela elizimeleyo. Oku kuboniswa iimpawu yokwakheka, uninzi lwazo akunanto yakwenza emini ngamarhamncwa. Noko ke, kufuneka kuqondwe ukuba amaqela ahlukeneyo izikhova ngamanye amaxesha nanto yakwenza enye kwenye, ngaphandle komzimba. Abanye ukuzingela ebusuku, yaye abanye ekukhethwa kwemini. Hi xikombiso, le owl ubungakanani obukholekayo pygmy nefubesi sisichasi ngokupheleleyo ngaye. Ukuba izikhova nesihuluhulu abe ukufana kunye njengokhetshe, izikhova nokuzeka kade eared - kunye nenciniba, njengenciniba ezifanayo polar kungathathwa kwezinye ndlela iintaka ezizodwa, Noko ke, ngenxa yokuba iindlwane kufuphi la marhamncwa ngokufuthi ukulungisa amadada kunye nezinye zasemanzini. Kwaye baphila ngoxolo enye ecaleni kwenye. Oku kungenxa yokuba isikhova soze uzingela kwi kufutshane iindlwane zazo, ngokungafaniyo kwezinye ezizingelayo. Nangona ixesha yendlala ugwayimbo kwaye oku kunokwenzeka. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko kufuneka ubuncinane kanye ukuze ubone ukuba yokufumana owl ukutya. Amafoto, intaka uzingela, kukho ezininzi, kodwa geni ngumsebenzi onzima.

isiphelo

Kangangeminyaka, izazinzulu ziye baqhube izifundo ezahlukeneyo, ngoko namhlanje ulwazi oluninzi malunga nezi ngamarhamncwa. Umzekelo, nangona yokuba isikhova - intaka ebusuku, yena akazange abone ebumnyameni iyonke, ngokunjalo nabantu. Ngoko ke, ukuba ufake utshaba kwigumbi ebumnyameni, apho lakufumana imitha yokukhanya, abaleke ukuya ibuzi, uya kudliwa kuphela xa kukhutshwe naziphi rustle okanye isandi. Kodwa iimeko nemvelo ukufumana ukutya, kakhulu, impembelelo, ngenxa yokuba intaka yehlathi. Owl ubukhulu becala utshaba ogqibeleleyo.

Maxa wambi nkqu phakathi kwezalamane, iingxabano zenzeka. Kulo mzekelo, nengcwangube ebusuku ukhetha iintlobo zobuchule zokhuselo, ezama ukoyikisa nengcwangube barn, kodwa isikhova okanye ezinye izilwanyana ezinkulu zamahlengezi, ngokufuthi afihlakeleyo amasebe emithini. Kwakhona Kuyaphawuleka ukuba kulo ifubesi na ukuva ngokugqibeleleyo, naxa iphaphazela. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo - ixhoba ubulawa kunye namathuba ka-99%, ngoko singatsho ukuba Isikhova akufane bayaphazama.

Kaloku, mhlawumbi yiloo nto yonke into enokuthethwa ngubani lo yesikhova. Inkcazelo iintaka usenokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo yayo. Kodwa yonke into abaxhaphaza obulalayo umbulali. indiza Cwaka, amehlo gorgeous neendlebe, kunye neenzipho ezibukhali bazenze ngayo. Kulukhuni ukuba bathi, luncedo okanye yingozi leenciniba. iintaka ezincinane kuzingelwa kuphela namabuzi, eziyingozi yokulima, i ezinkulu inokubulala amadada nemivundla, kwakunye kwemivundla, kunokuba nobungozi kwezolimo.