Ii-apula kusasa: iintlobo, iimpawu kunye nokuhlaziywa

Umthi wase-Apple, mhlawumbi, uninzi oluqhelekileyo lwezityalo kwilizwe lethu. Phantse bonke abagadi balimi bakhula imithi enjalo. Iziqhamo ze-Apple zingadliwa zihlaziye okanye zisetyenziswe kwakhona. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeli nkcubeko. Kwaye zonke ziyakwazi ukwahlula kwiintlobo ezintathu eziphambili: ihlobo, ubusika nekwindla. Iqela lokuqala limelelwa ngamaapulo amnandi kunye neqholiweyo ekuqaleni. Iintlobo zezi ntlobo zivuthwa kwindawo yangaphakathi yeRussia Federation ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi-phakathi kweSeptemba.

Imithi ye-apula evelele kakhulu ehlobo

Iintlobo zangaphambili zenkcubeko yendabuko zithandwa kakhulu ngabahlali behlobo. Nangona iziqhamo ezinjalo, ukuba zifunwa, zingasetyenziselwa, kubandakanywa nokuqhutyelwa ubusika, ngokuqhelekileyo zisadliwa zitsha okanye zongezwa kwimpahla ebhaka.

Iintlobo zokuqala zeapulo ezikhulile e-Ukraine, eBelarus naseRussia, zi:

• Vala.
• Elena.
• Ngethuba elimnandi.
• Olubomvu ngaphambili.

Zonke ezi aples zivuthwe ekupheleni kukaJulayi. Iimpawu zabo ezahlukileyo ziyi-pulp ye-juicy kunye ne-strap, kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nemimandla ekwindla nakusibusika, i-taste.

Ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti, abahlali behlobo baqokelela isivuno sePapilovka kunye ne-White filling. Kukho namaapula asele edala emva kwexesha. Umzekelo uMarba noJulie Red, umzekelo, banike isivuno kwindawo ethile phakathi kukaSeptemba.

I-Apple Blossom kufuphi: inkcazo kunye nokuhlaziywa

Iziqhamo zolu hlobo kwigadi zivuthwa kakhulu. Oku kwenzeka ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi. Kwi-pluses yeepula imithi Vala, ngaphezu kokuvuthwa kwangaphambili, abahlali behlobo baquka:

• Ukuhamba kakuhle;
• Ukubonakala okukhangayo kweziqhamo.

Iipulo zee- Klaws ezihlukeneyo zixabiso lexabiso eliqhelekileyo, kwaye zibe nomzobo ojikelezayo (kunye nesigxina esiphezulu). Umbala walezi ziqhamo unobumba obunqabileyo obunobumba obumnyama obugqithisiweyo. Inyama yabo imhlophe, iphakathi kwaye inomso-ne-sweet taste (ngobuhlungu). Phakamisa le iipile ekuseni, kodwa, ngelanga, ukugweba ngokuhlaziywa kwabahlali, ukungalingani. Loo mthi wale ntlobo unesithsaba esinobukhulu besithsaba.

Ukuhlaziywa okulungileyo kwabalimi be-apula umthi Vala kuye kwafanelwa ukukhula kokuqala kweziqhamo kunye nokuthuthwa kwabo okuhle. Ukungahambi kakuhle kwezi ntlobo, abahlali basehlotyeni abanalo iivuno eziphezulu kakhulu kunye nobunzima bebusika obuphantsi.

Ngethuba elimnandi

Le ngqungquthela iyanconywa ngabalimi ngokukodwa ukuxhathisa isikhala kunye nokukwazi ukunyamezela kakhulu amaqabunga angenayo ingozi. Nika isivuno se-apula Ukutshatyalaliswa kwangaphambili kuqalise iminyaka engama-3-4 emva kokutyala. Isiqhamo sincinci - 90-100 g, sinomxholo ojikelezayo. Ulusu lwamaapulo olu luhlu luluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kwaye inyama iyamhlophe kwaye imnandi kakhulu. Ngenxa yoko, ngokwenene, igama lezilwanyana.

Iindidi zeepile Ziphumelele kakhulu akusizi kakuhle. Umqhele ucocekile, ulungelelaniswe, ujikeleze.

Iingxelo malunga nomthi we-apula u-Elena

Le ntlobo eyaziwayo yazaliswa eBelarus ngo-2001. Iziqhamo zayo zincinci (120-150 g), zithinjwa. Iipulole zombala u-Elena unobumba obukhanyayo, obunqabileyo obugqithisileyo. Inyama imhlophe, iphakathi, ibe nesakhiwo esihle.

Ukuhlaziywa okulungileyo kwabalimi olu luhlu lufanelwe ngokukodwa ngokutya okumuncu-okumnandi kunye okuntle, okunye okunye okunye, kunye nephunga elimnandi kakhulu. UYelena uvelisa iiapulo ukususela ngoJuni ukuya kwishumi elinesibini ka-Agasti. Ukuhluma kwenzekile kwinyanga yesibini okanye yesithathu yokutshala. Kuphakame kakhulu ukuba imithi yale mveliso ayikhule. Isithsaba sijikeleze nge-pyramidal, sinyuka kakhulu, siphakathi.

Ukungahambi kakuhle kwemithi ye- apula, abahlali basehlobo bavelisa ukungabi nxamnye nokuqhaqha kakhulu kunye nokuthambekela kokugqithisa isityalo. Ukunyamekelwa kwezi ngqungquthela, phakathi kwezinye izinto, kubandakanya inkqubo efana nokucocwa kwama-ovari.

Ukuthungwa kunye nokuthulula omhlophe: inkcazo

Ezi zintlobo zezilwanyana mhlawumbi zi-apula ezidumileyo ezivela kumafama aseRussia, eBelarusian nase-Ukraine kwiminyaka yokuqala. Iintlobo zePapirovka kunye ne- White Cargo zaxothwa ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19. Iimpawu zabo eziphilayo ziphantse zifana. Uninzi lwazinzulu-abavelisi banokukholwa ukuba le yintlobo enye. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuhlukana phakathi kwezi ntlobo ezimbini zezinto ze-biologists kusenziwa. Inyaniso kukuba kukho ukungafani phakathi kwabo. Ngoko, umzekelo, iziqhamo zokugcwalisa i-White azikho iziqulatho ezibonakalayo phakathi kwePapistka. Ukongezelela, la maapula avuthwa emva kweentsuku ezilishumi - ekupheleni kwe-yokuqala yeshumi ka-Agasti.

Bayixabisa ezi ntlobo zegadi ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yeziqhamo zabo ezintle. Inyama elula yala maapulo inomdla kakhulu, i-texture-grained texture kunye ne-sweet fragrance. Umbala wesikhumba wale ziqhamo umhlophe, lwendlovu. Ubungakanani bakhulu - 150-170 g. Njengo-Elena, uPapirovka kunye no-Thambisa abamhlophe bathambekele ekugqithiseni umthwalo. Kwifruiting, zombini iintlobo zingena ngonyaka 4-5 emva kokutyala. Ekuqaleni, imithi yamapula inika iziqhamo ezinkulu, kodwa ininzi.

Ikhonkco kwimithi yezi zombini iindidi zibanzi-pyramidal. Xa uneminyaka yobudala, iya kuba yindoda. Ubonisa ukugcwaliswa kweMhlophe kunye noPapirovka kwiqela leemeko eziphezulu. Kukho ukuhlaziywa okungalunganga kwezi zimbini kwiintlobo zegadi.

Julie Red

Iziqhamo zemithi ye-apula yolu hlobo ikhula kwakhona ekupheleni kukaJulayi. Olu hlobo lwezinto ezithakazelisayo lwaziswa kwiCzech Republic. Iipluni Julie Red zinombala oluhlaza ohlaza kunye ne-raspberry tint kuwo wonke umhlaba. Ubukhulu babo buninzi kakhulu (ukusuka kwi-160 g), kwaye ulolo lugxininiswe, lujikeleze. Iqhamo lezityalo licebile, liyanandi. Ngeempawu zalo, uJulie Red ufana ngokugqithiseleyo kwiindawo zonke ze-horticulturalist post-Soviet uMelba, inkcazelo leyo iya kunikwa ngezantsi.

Ukuxhaswa kwama-apula Ubomvu ekuqaleni: iimpawu

Le ngqungquthela yenziwe yi-NIIS. IV Michurina kwaye uhlala kwingingqi yaseMbindi yoMhlaba. I-apula ekhulayo Iintlobo zeentlobo ezincinane ziphantsi, kwaye iziqhamo zincinci (90-120 g). Iipulole zepaint kwinqanaba lokukhula liluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunye ne-raspberry eluhlaza. Inyama yesiqhamo i-creamy, i-medium-heavy, i-juicy. Ingqumbo yakhe inomnandi-mnandi, i-dessert.

UMelba: uluvo lwabalimi

Ukongezelela kwiPapilovka kunye nokuzaliswa kweMhlophe, kukho ezinye iintlobo zeepulo zokuvuthwa kwangaphambili, eziqhelekileyo malunga nabo bonke abaqashiweyo. Kuloo ndlela, umzekelo, kunokuthiwa nguMelbou. Olu luhlu oludumile, oluye lwafumana ukuhlaziywa okuninzi lwabalimi, lwaza lwazala eCanada ngowe-1889. Kuya kulungelelaniswa, abahlali behlobo baquka okokuqala, isivuno esihle, kunye nokuthuthwa kakuhle kweziqhamo (okungenanto yokwenza iintlobo zokuqala zokuvuthwa).

Iipulo zeMelba nazo zigcinwe kakhulu. Abalimi abaninzi bayacetyiswa ukuba baqhekeza uhlaza lwabo kwaye bafakwe kwiqrijini. Ngale ndlela yokugcina, iziqhamo ze-apula zezi ntlobo zinokuhlala zihlambulula de kube nguJanuwari.

Iiplestile zePrave zinobuhlaza obuluhlaza obunqabileyo. Inyama yabo enomdla iyahlukaniswa yinto ekhangayo yekhofi. Umthi waseMelba ngokwawo ungumthi ophakathi, okwenza isithsaba esihle. Ngexesha lokulima, le maapile angena ngonyaka 4-5 emva kokutyala. Kwiimpawu ezintle zezidalwa, phakathi kwezinye izinto, abahlali behlobo baquka ukunganyangeki kwesikhala kunye nokukwazi ukunyamezela lula ukushisa okuphantsi.

Yintoni ukupheka kwiintlobo zokuqala zamaapulo?

Iintlobo zeentlobo zasehlotyeni zesi siqhelo segadi zineenkcenkceshe kakhulu. Ngako oko, bahlala besetyenziselwa ukwenza ii-pie zasehlobo, amaqebelengwane, ii-pie, i-compotes. Kwimeko yokugqibela, iziqhamo zivame ukufakwa kwi-pot kunye namajikijolo (ngokuqhelekileyo ngama-raspberries kunye nee-currants).

Iiplee pies, eyaziwayo kakhulu, mhlawumbi, i-charlotte. Iyakuthanda iziqhamo ezinomzimba obuninzi (ungathatha nantoni encinci). Inhlama ye-pie enjalo ijwayele ukulungiswa ukusuka kumaqanda ama-2-5 atywinwe, 1 tbsp. Ushukela kunye ne-1 tbsp. Umfula. Ukukhazimulisa, faka i-powder baking kunye nesitashi esincinci. Iiplestile ezingenanto ezingaphili zixutywe kuqala kunye nesincinci seshukela kwaye umele malunga nemizuzu eyi-10. Bhaka i-charlotte ehovini imizuzu engama-20-30.

Izindlela zokuqhutyelwa ubusika

Ngako oko, ii-apula zeentlobo zokuqala zokuvuthwa zisetyenziswa ngokutsha. Ukukhanda, iintlobo zeentlobo zekwindla ziqhele ukusetyenziswa. Ukugcinwa ngaphandle kokucwangciswa kwiimeko ezininzi, ubeke iindidi zexesha elide okanye zasekuqaleni zasebusika. Endaweni epholileyo, iziqhamo ezinjalo ziyakwazi ukulala u-Aprili-Meyi kunyaka ozayo.

Nangona kunjalo, kwimeko apho umyezo, umzekelo, untsha kwaye kuphela iintlobo zehlobo zase-apula zikhula kulo, kunjalo, ukuvunwa ebusika kuya kwenziwa kwimiqhamo yazo. Umzekelo, i-jam ecocekileyo kakhulu kwiintlobo zokuqala zeepile zilungiselelwe ngokwale recipe:

1. Iziqhamo ezivuthiweyo kufuneka zihlanjwe, zithathe i-core kwaye zigawulwe zibe ziinqununu.
2. Ukulungele ngale ndlela, iiapulo kufuneka zizaliswe noshukela kwaye zongeze i-citric acid encinane.

Pheka isiqhamo kufuneka sibe malunga neeyure ezimbini. I-1 kg ye-apula ithatha i-2 kg ishukela kunye ne-1 tsp. Citric acid. Ngoxa i-jam iphekwe kwisitofu, kufuneka ulungiselele phantsi kwayo (0.5-1 l). Zifanele zihlambuluke kwaye zome. I-jam ecolile ekulungele ithululelwa emanzini kwaye igqitywe ngama-capron lids.

I-compote ebumnandi ebusika yinto enokuyisebenzisa ukwenza iiapulo kusasa. Iintlobo ezinomphunga omuncu zifanelekile kule njongo.

Kwilungiselelo lokudibanisa iziqhamo ezinjalo, kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba ababilisi. Emva koko, inyama yeeapulo zeentlobo zangaphambili kwiimeko ezininzi azixakekanga. Yenza ubusika idibanisa iziqhamo ezinje ngale ndlela:

1. Ama-aples ahlamba, umnqweno ususwe kubo kwaye unqunywe kwisiqingatha.
2. Iziqhamo ezilungiselelwe zifakwe emanzini amanzi atyuwa ngamanzi angama-20-30 (ixesha elide alinakugcinwa).
3. Ihlambuluke ngokupheleleyo kwaye ihlasele iitena ezintathu.
4. Bafaka amaapulo kuwo kwaye bathulule ngaphakathi kwisiraphu eshushu eshushu (250-300 g iswekile nge 1 litre yamanzi).
5. Gcina isiraphu kwi-5-7 imizuzu uze uyibuyisele epanini.
6. Phinda uyibuyisele kwimilenze uze uyithulule kwisitya.
7. Qalisa ukugqitywa kuqhotyoshelweyo kunye nesiqhekeza sesinyithi.

Inako yokutshisa, ukuze kuvulelwe, kuyimfuneko ukubeka isiqhekeza kwindawo efudumeleyo, ehlanganiswe ngengubo yongqimba. Kule fom, i-compote kufuneka ivunyelwe ukupholisa kwindawo yokushisa. Ukuqhubela phambili kufuneka igcinwe ukugcinwa kwi-pantry okanye kwi-cellar.

Isiphelo

Ngaloo ndlela, sineenkcukacha ngokubanzi ukuhlola ukuba zeziphi iintlobo zamaapulo okuqala (kunye negama nesithombe). Njengoko ubona, iintlobo zasehlotyeni zale nkcubeko zibonakaliswa zizivuno ezilungileyo kwaye zibalaseleyo iimpawu zesoqhamo. Ezi zilandelayo zingasetyenziselwa ukutya kokutshatshulwa kunye nokukhupha. Ulungele kakuhle kwiipulo kunye nokubhaka.