I-Port Calais (eFransi): indawo ezithakazelisayo zedolophu, ezingaziwa ngabantu abatyeleli

Kwisi sixeko saseFransi, ngelishwa, abavakhenkethi badla ngokuphumla, kodwa ngeze. Iigubungela izinto ezikhethiweyo ezibalwe njengeNdawo yeLifa leMveli le-UNESCO. Ichwethi elikhulu libizwa ngokuthi "iwindow eNgilani", kuba iikhilomitha ezingama-34 kuphela ukusuka e-UK. Kutholakala kwindawo ye-Pas de Calais, i-hub ebalulekileyo yezothutho iyahlula ngokwahlukileyo zibe ngamacandelo amabini: iindawo zanamhlanje ezivelele ngokusondeleyo, kunye ne-Old Town, apho yonke into iphefumlela imbali.

Idolophana, eyajika yaba yidolophu enkulu

Isibhedlele saseCalais (eFransi) sakhula kwidolophana encinci yokuloba esebhankini lomlambo. Ngeli-10 leminyaka, i-Count of Flanders, ekwazisa indawo yokuhlala, yalela ukwakha i-port kunye neengqungquthela apha ukukhusela ukuhlaliswa kwezilwanyana ezivela ngaphandle. Esi sixeko sasinokuphuhliswa kwezoqoqosho, kwaye irhafu eqokelelwe kubahwebi yaba enye yezinto eziphambili zemali yengeniso.

Iintlekele zeCalais

Kuyaziwa ukuba "isidleke se-corsair" sasihlonywa ngamaqhinga aphanga iinqanawa waza wafihla emva kweendonga eziqingqiweyo ngeentengo ezicebileyo. Ngebudeni beMfazwe Yeminyaka Elikhulu, iBritish yajika iimbono zabo kwichweba laseCalais (eFransi), kwaye kwiXIV leminyaka, loo mzi wawuvinjelwe. Kwiinyanga ezili-11 ubudala, abemi babemelene ngokutsha notshaba, kodwa emva kokuphelelwa kokutya, baphoqeleka ukuba banikezele inceba yomnqobi. Ecaphukiswe ngenxa yokumelana nokude, u-King Edward wathumela bonke abantu bendawo, kwaye isiNgesi sahlala ezindlwini.

Ngo-1558, isixeko sasiwela phantsi kolawulo lwesiqhelekileyo saseFransi, kwaye abo bahlula bashiya amakhaya abo. Kwiminyaka emibini emibini, uKale waxhomekeka kwiiNgesi, kwisiDatshi naseSpeyin, ezithintele imeko yakhe yemali.

Emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi Yesibili, ukuhlaliswa okuqhutywe ibhomu kwavela ngokwenene kwiindawo ezibhuqiweyo.

Ukuvula umgca

Kwangexesha elide, ichweba laseCalais (eFransi) lenza unxibelelwano phakathi kweNgilani neYurophu, kwaye ngowe-1994 kwavuleka umzila wesitimela phantsi kweThaneli, owenza lula kakhulu ubomi bendawo. Ngoku uhambo oluvela eParis ukuya eLondon alithatha ngaphezu kweeyure ezimbini.

Iziqendu ezimbini zesixeko

Imida ye-hub yezothutho ihlukaniswe ngokucacileyo kwimimandla emibini. Isixeko esitsha siseenxa yeehorityhulam yedolophu kunye nezitalato ezisisitalathweni, kwaye i-Old Town yindawo yembali enyanzelekile ukutyelela. Qala ukujonga ukucebisa kunconywa ukusuka kwi-Armory Square, ephakathi kweeMinyaka Ephakathi yayiqwalaselwa njengentliziyo yesango. Ngoku ngokuphindwe kabini ngonyaka kukho iintsizi zomsindo, apho abacibi bevela kulo lonke elaseFransi bekhawuleza.

Ikhadi lebhizinisi

Eyakhelwe kwi-Place d'Armes kwikhulu le-IX, inqaba yokubukela iTur du du Guet yikhadi lokutyelela laseCalais (eFransi). Iifoto zekhumbuzo, ezithathwa njengezakhiwo ezindala kwisixeko, zifumaneka kuzo zonke iikhokelo zokutyelela. Isakhiwo sokuzivikela, esenzelwe ukukhusela ama-Normans, sabonakaliswa kakhulu emva kwenyikima yenkulungwane ye-16. Ngesinye isikhathi kwakukho intsimbi ye-alamu, kwaye ngoku iyancitshiswa phantsi.

Iholide yaseKapa kunye nekiso "Abahlali baseCalais"

Isakhiwo esinezitezi ezintathu zehholo le dolophu sinomdla okhethekileyo kubakhenkethi. Ifumaneka kwi-Square yeSoldi engaziwayo, isikhumbuzo esakhiwa kwisakhiwo saseFlemish siyakubonga ubuchule obukhethekileyo. Emva kwakhe yinto eqingqiweyo ye-O. Rodin odumileyo, oqhubela phambili abadlali baseFransi abathandathu, abazinikela ngokuzithandela ukugcina bonke abantu basezidolophini ngeendleko zobomi babo. Inkosi yaseNgesi yavutha ngumsindo kangangokuthi wayengeke ayibambe iCalais (iFransi) iinyanga ezili-11, kwaye wayefuna ukubulala abo babemnike isihluthulelo, kwaye ngokubonga nje kungenelelo lomfazi ka-Edward III abemi abalimala.

Inqaba yaseBeffroy

Isakhiwo saseHolo saseKapa sisona sikhumbuzo esingummangaliso kakhulu, ngenxa yokuba sihlangene ngokugqithiseleyo kwinqaba yeBeffroy enokuphakama kwama-mitha angama-74. Ukwakhiwa kwayo kwaqala ngekhulu le-15 leminyaka, kwaye iminyaka emininzi imimandla yeendawo, kwindawo yokuhlobisa iindawo ezahlukahlukeneyo zezakhiwo zobugcisa ezikhoyo, zatshintsha ukubonakala kwangaphandle. Kulo, ngokuhlonipha ilanga-kumkani, umfanekiso wesibingelelo segolide obambe idiksi yesibaneli. Isakhiwo, esingaphantsi kokukhuselwa kwe-UNESCO, sonakaliswe kakubi ngexesha lokuqhuma kweembhobho, kodwa sabuyiselwa kwifomu yayo yasekuqaleni.

Khuphukela kwinqaba kunye newashi enhle kunye nensimbi yentsimbi kwi-elevator, kwaye ukusuka kwidonki yokubona ungayithanda iCalais enomdla. Isixeko saseFransi siyaziwa ngokuba sesibonakaliso sokukhanya, esilungiswa ngoSeptemba kufuphi nesakhiwo.

Isikhumbuzo senkolo

I-Cathedral yoMama kaThixo yenye into ebonwabileyo, emangalisayo ngokuhle kwayo. Isikhumbuzo senkolo, esakhiwe njengesiphambano, savuselelwa ngamanye amaxesha. I-cathedral, eyavela ngekhulu le-13, yachithwa yi-fascists, kwaye isibingelelo semarble kunye nokuhlobisa okucebile kwalahleka.

Imyuziyam ye-lace kunye nefashoni

Cozy Calais (eFransi), eyaziwa ngayo ngembali yayo, iyaziwayo kumyuziyam oyingqungquthela we-lace kunye nefashoni. Apha bafundisa inkosi kwaye bakhulume ngeendlela ezisemgangathweni zomsebenzi onzima. Abakhenkethi baqhelana nenkqubo yokwenza utywala kunye nokwenza izinto ezintle zokuvula.

Ngelishwa, idolophu yesipoti ayinakuchukumisi abahambahambayo, kodwa abo bayibonayo bayamkela ngokunyanisekileyo kuye ngothando. Idolophana elithulekileyo nelizolileyo, ekubonweni kwalo kuqala, libetha ingcamango kwaye lucima yonke imida phakathi kweepochs.