I-Leptospirosis kubantu: iimpawu kunye nonyango

I-Leptospirosis yi-pathology ye-zoonotic eyenzeka ngentsholongwane, kunye nesifo esiqhekezayo, isifo senobindi kunye nesifo sezintso, kunye nenkqubo yesifo.

Izizathu kunye neemeko zokuqala kwesi sifo

Isifo sibangelwa i-leptospira. Ezi zi-microorganisms ezingenayo i-spores okanye i-capsules kwaye ayisebenzi. Ziyimizimba ye-tissue parasites kwaye iyakwazi ukuchaphazela iimbilini zeentambo, imisipha kunye negazi, kunye nesibindi kunye nezintso. Ukongeza, ziqukethe i-endotoxin, equka lipids, i-polysaccharides kunye ne-polypeptides. Ezi zixhobo zibonisa iiprorogenic kunye neecrotic properties. Xa i-leptospirosis ivela kubantu, iimpawu zesi sifo zichongiwe ngokuchanekileyo ngala mpawu.

Umthombo wentsholongwane yizilwanyana (iindonga, izinja, i-amphibians kunye neentaka). Umntu usulelekile ngokuqhagamshelana namanzi, osuleleke nge-leptospira. Ukongeza, kunokunxibelelana okanye indlela yokutya yokudluliselwa kwesifo. Umntu ogulayo kwabanye akayingozi.

Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ukukhusela i-leptospirosis kuphezulu. Esi sifo kwiimeko ezininzi kubhaliswe kubantu. Emva kokuba i-leptospirosis idluliselwe, i-immunity immune isakhiwe.

I-Leptospirosis kubantu: iimpawu

Isikhathi sokuqala sesi sifo siphelela kwiintsuku ezisixhenxe. Isiqalo sinzima. Kukho i-hyperthermia ukuya kuma-40 ° C, izibilini, iintloko, kunye ne-nasusea kunye ne-palpitations. Kwixesha elibi, i-subfebrile iqhelekile. Xa i-leptospirosis ivela, kubantu impawu ziquka intlungu enzima kwiimisipha. I-Necrosis yemisipha ye-muscle ibangela umonakalo ezintsheni, ezonakalisa ukuhlaselwa kwesifo.

Kwinqanaba lokuqala leptospirosis, kukho ukuxubusha ubuso kunye namehlo, iimpawu zokuba utywala. Kwixesha elizayo, iimpawu zesifo, isibindi kunye nentliziyo, imiphunga ikhula. Ingqalelo ihlawulwa kwi-jaundice ne-bloodmag syndrome, ebonakaliswa yi-hemoptysis, macrogematuria, ukubola kwegazi kwizitho ezahlukahlukeneyo okanye ukugqithisa okuthe ngqo.

Xa i-leptospirosis ifumaneka kubantu, iimpawu zesifo ziqhubeka kwiiveki ezi-4-6. Emva koko, kukho i-asthenovegetative syndrome ehlala ixesha elide kunye nobuthakathaka obuthathaka. Kwi-20-60% yamatyala, ukuphindaphinda kwe-leptospirosis kunokwenzeka, oku kubangela ukulimala kumalungu ombono kunye nenkqubo ye-nervous.

Ukuxilongwa nokunyangwa

Kwizigaba zokuqala, i-leukocytosis engenayo i-neutrophilic, i-aneosinophilia, i-lymphopenia kunye nokwanda kwe-ESR ziyabonwa. Kwiifom ezinzima, izinga le-hemoglobin, inani le-erythrocytes kunye neeplatelet liyancipha. Kwi-urine kubonakala izinto ezifanayo, eziphawulwa phantse zonke izigulane. Ixabiso lokuxilonga linomgangatho omkhulu we-CK kwi-serum, ebonisa umonakalo wemisipha.

Yintoni eya kunceda uvavanyo oluthile lwe-leptospirosis? Kwimeko yomntu ojongene nalesi sifo, abonakalisa ukuphendulwa kwe-microagglutination kunye neenkcubeko zaseLeptospira eziphilayo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba impendulo engalunganga ayifaki ukukhuphela esi sifo, kuba ziimeko ezinzima, i-antibodies yenziwe ngamancinci amancinci.

Xa i-leptospirosis ifunyaniswa, unyango lomntu obanjwe i-leptospirae lubandakanya ukuthabatha i-antibiotics. Eyona ndlela iphumelelayo yi-penicillin. Ukuba kukho ukungabikho komzimba kweli qela leziyobisi, i-tetracyclines iyalulwe. Xa unyango, usebenzise i-immunoglobulin, amavithamini. Ngaphambi kokuhluleka kwesibindi, izilwanyana "Lasix" okanye "Mannitol" zisetyenziselwa. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, i-hemodialysis yenziwa.