I-capacitor iziphatha njani kwisiphaluka se-AC?

Ukuba umbane we - AC uxhunyiwe kumxhatshazo, okwangoku kunye nombane kwisiphaluka nganoma naluphi na umzekelo kwidrafti yesoxesha kuya kufanana. Oku kuthetha ukuba ii-current curves and voltage will reach "value" value ngexesha elifanayo. Ngelo xesha sithetha ukuba okwangoku kunye nemigangatho isesigaba.

Makhe siqwalasele ukuba i-capacitor iziphatha njani kwisiphaluka se-AC.

Ukuba i-capacitor ixhunyiwe kumthombo we-AC voltage, ixabiso eliphezulu lamanani kuyo liza kuba lilingana nelona xabiso elona xesha lihamba phambili kwisiphaluka. Nangona kunjalo, ingqungquthela yomgca we-sinusoid yombane ayiyi kuhlaselwa ngexesha elifanayo njengokuba ikhoyo ngoku.

Kulo mzekelo, ukufika kwangoku kufinyelele kwixabiso layo eliphezulu kwixesha lesine (90 e.g.) ngaphambilana neyombane. Kule meko, bathi "okwangoku ihamba phambili ngombane nge 90 °."

Ngokungafani nemeko kwi-dc yesiphaluka samanje, iV / I xabisa apha ayihlali. Nangona kunjalo, u-V max / I max ixabiso lincedo kakhulu kwaye ngobunjineli bombane ubizwa ngokuba yi-capacitive resistance (Xc) yecandelo. Ekubeni eli xabiso lisaqhubeka libonisa ubungakanani bombane ukuya kutsho, Ngokwemvelo ukuxhatshazwa, iyunithi yokulinganisa nguOm. Ixabiso le-Xc le-capacitor lithembele kwi-capacitance (C) kunye nobukhulu bexesha elikhoyo (f).

Ekubeni ixabiso le-RMS lisetyenzisiweyo kwi-capacitor kwisiphaluka se-AC, ukuhamba okufanayo okukhoyo kuhamba kulolu phaluka, oluphelelweyo ngumxhasi. Lo mncipheko kubangelwa ukuphendulwa kombane.

Ngoko ke, ukubaluleka kokukhoyo kwesekethe, engenayo nayiphi na enye ingxenye ngaphandle kwe-capacitor, inqunywe ngenye indlela ye-Ohm's Law

I- _RMS = U- _RMS / X _C

Apho i- _{RMS ingumlinganiselo} we-root-mean-square (ebonakalayo). Qaphela ukuba i-X _c ithatha indawo yexabiso R kumgaqo we-Ohm we- DC.

Ngoku siyabona ukuba i-capacitor kwisiphaluka se-AC iziphatha ngendlela eyahlukileyo kunokuba ixhatshazwe rhoqo, kwaye imeko apha, ngokufanelekileyo, iyinkimbinkimbi. Ukuze kuqondwe kangcono iinkqubo ezenzeka kulolu hlobo, kubalulekile ukuzisa loo mbono njengomvolonti.

Iingcamango ezisisiseko ze-vector yimbono yokuba ixabiso eliyinkimbinkimbi yesignali eguqule ixesha linokumelwa njengemveliso yenani eliyinkimbinkimbi (elingathembeki kwixesha) kunye nesinye isignali esinzima esisebenza ngexesha.

Ngokomzekelo, singabonisa umsebenzi we-cos (2πνt + θ) nje ngokuba yinto ehlala yinkimbinkimbi A ∙ e ^jΘ .

Ekubeni ama-vectors amelwa ngobukhulu (okanye i-modyuli) kunye ne-angle, zimelelwa ngokutsalathisa ngoloya (okanye i-vector) ejikelezayo kwi-XY indiza.

Ukuqwalasela ukuba i-voltage kwi-capacitor "lags" ngokumalunga nekhoyo ngoku, i-vectors emele i-vectors yayo ifumaneka kwi-plane eyinkimbinkimbi njengoko kuboniswe kumfanekiso ongentla. Kulo manani, iimvector zamanje kunye neerhasi ziyajikeleza kwicala elibhekiselele kwinqanaba elisezantsi.

Ngokomzekelo wethu, okwangoku kwi-capacitor kubangelwa ukuhlawulwa kwakhona kwexesha. Ekubeni i-capacitor kwisiphaluka se-AC inekhono lokuqokelela ngokukhawuleza nokukhupha umrhumo wombane, kukho ukutshintshisana kwamandla phakathi kwalo kunye nomthombo wamandla, owenziwe ngobunjineli bamandla kagesi kuthiwa uphumelele.