I-MOSFET: umgaqo wokusebenza kunye nobubanzi

Ukufundwa kweepropati zezinto eziphathekayo ezifana ne-semiconductor kwenza ukuba kwenzeke ukufunyanwa kwintshintsho. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, ubuchwepheshe buye bonakala ukuba kwenza ukuba kwenziwe idiodis, i-MOS transistors, i-thyristors kunye nezinye izinto kwizinga loshishino. Baphumelela ngokutshintsha ama-tubes zombane kwaye bavumela ukuba baqonde iingcamango ezintle. Izinto ze-Semiconductor zisetyenziswe kuzo zonke iindawo zobomi bethu. Basinceda ukuba sisebenzise imiqulu emininzi yolwazi, iikhomputha, ii-tape recorders, iisethi zikamabonwakude, njl. Ziveliswa ngokwabo.

Ukususela ekuvelweni kwe-transistor yokuqala, kwaye oku kwakukho ngo-1948, bekude ixesha elide. Kukho iintlobo zeli qela: i-germanium, insiksi, intsimi okanye i-MOSFET. Zonke ziyazisetyenziselwa kakhulu kwizixhobo zomsakazo zekhompyutha. Ukufundwa kweepropati ze-semiconductors ayinqumi ngexesha lethu.

Ezi zifundo zikhokelela ekubonakala kweso sixhobo ezifana ne- MOSFET. Umgaqo wokusebenza kwawo usekelwe kwinto yokuba ngaphantsi kwefuthe lenkalo yamandla (ngoko ke enye insimi yintsimi-ntsimi), ukuqhutyelwa kobunqamle obusondelene nommandla we-semiconductor osemngceleni kunye ne-dielectric iyahluka. Yiyo le propati esetyenziswe kwizijikelezo zekhompyutha ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo. I-MOSFET inesakhiwo esivumela ukuba kuncitshiswe ukungqinisiseki phakathi kokucoca kunye nomthombo phantsi kwesenzo somqondiso wokulawula ukuya kutsho.

Iipropati zayo zihluke kwi-bipolar "umncintiswano". Bayiqonda ubuninzi besicelo sayo.

• Isantya esiphezulu sinikezelwa ngumbono we-crystal ngokwawo kunye neendawo zayo ezizodwa. Oku kubangelwa ubunzima abathile kwimveliso yezoshishino. Ngeli xesha, ama-crystals kunye nesango le-0.06 μm ziveliswa.
• Amandla amancinci amancinane avumela ukuba ezi zixhobo zisebenze kwizijikelezo eziphezulu. Ngokomzekelo, i-LSI kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo isetyenziswa ngempumelelo ekunxibelelweni kweselula.
• Ngokucacileyo ukuxhatshazwa kwenkunkuma, ene-MOSFET kwindawo evulekile, ivumela ukuba isetyenziswe njengezitshixo zombane. Baya kusebenza kwiisekethe ukwenzela ukuba benze izibonakaliso eziphakamileyo eziphezulu okanye izinto ezinqamlekileyo ezifana nokukhulisa okusebenzayo.
• Izixhobo ezinamandla zolu hlobo zisebenziswa ngempumelelo kwiimodyuli zamandla kwaye zingangena kwizicwangciso ze-induction. Umzekelo omhle wokusetyenziswa kwawo unokuba ngumguquleli wexesha elide.

Xa uklanywa kwaye usebenza kunye nezinto ezinjalo, kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela ezinye iimpawu. I-MOSFET iyanqabisa ukuguqula umbane kwaye ihluleke ngokulula. Kwimijikelezo nge-inductance, i-speed-speed Schottky diode ziqhelekileyo zisetyenziselwa ukurhoxisa i-pulver power power pulse eyenzeka ngexesha lokutshintsha.

Amathuba okusebenzisa ezi zixhobo zikhulu kakhulu. Ukufezeka kwetheknoloji yokwenza kwabo kuhamba ngendlela yokunciphisa i-crystal (ukulinganisa kwe-shutter). Kancinci, kukho iikhompyutha ezikwazi ukulawula amanjini kagesi angaphezulu kunye anamandla.