I-Anthracnose yamagilebhisi: iindlela zokulwa

Iinqabileyo ezona ziqhamo, ezithatha ukushisa kwelanga kunye nemitha, ziyinto ethandekayo kumntu ngamnye. Amagqabi amakhulu, elenga eluhlaza obunzima bomhlaba, azuze ubungakanani bawo nobukhulu bawo. Ukuze ukhule ubuhle obunjalo, kuthatha umsebenzi omningi kwaye uchithe ixesha elide. Ukongezelela, kukho umngcipheko ohlala unomonakalo kwiintlobo zezilwanyana kunye nezifo, enye yazo, nangona inqabile ngokwaneleyo, yi-anthracnosis yamagilebhisi. Isithombeni sichaza ngokucacileyo indlela esiyingozi ngayo esi sifo kwisityalo.

Isifo esiyingozi seidiliya: i-anthracnose

I-Anthracnose yamagilebhisi iyisifo sefungal, ukuphuhliswa kwezinto ezininzi eziwela kwiindawo eziluhlaza eziphezulu zityalo: amaqabunga, amahlumela, ama-inflorescences kunye namajikijolo (ngaphambi kokuvuthwa kwawo). I-agent engumnxeba wesifo yi-fungus Gloeosporium ampelinum. I-Sass, eyokuqala kwinqanaba elenza i-mycelium engenambala ekugqibeleni ibe yintlanzi. Ngaphantsi kwe-cuticle kwi-mycelium, ukubunjwa kwe-conidiophores emfutshane ye-cylindric kunye ne-conidia enye engenambala iyenzeka. Ukuqulunqa lonke ixesha lokukhula kunye nokukhula, baqhekeza i-cuticle, ngenxa yoko i-conidia ikhupha. Ixesha lokutshala iindawo zokufudumala kwiqondo eliphezulu lokuphuhliswa kwefungal - 23-32 ° C ziintsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-4. Izidiliya zixhatshazwa yi-anthracnose, zikhula kwimimandla yemozulu emanzi kunye namaqondo ashushu aphezulu. Ingakumbi isifo sibonakalisa kwimvula yemvula kwaye ingonakalisa isityalo ekuqaleni kwexesha lokukhula.

Iimpawu ze-anthracnose

Qinisekisa ukuba ukubonakala kwe-anthracnose kungaba ngamaqabunga, esi sifo sichaphazela kwindawo yokuqala. Bakha amabala ombala obomvu osigcoba, emacaleni ayo ajikelezwe ngumgqomo obomvu okanye obomvu ongalinganiyo. Kubonakala ngeendlela ezincinci kunye neengongoma, kwixesha lokuphuhliswa kwesifo abayandayo, ukufumana ingxaki. Oku kukhokelela ekubhujisweni kwamathambo amaqabunga kwiindawo ezichaphazelekayo kunye nendawo yamanzi eyenza ukubunjwa kwemingxuma.

I-Anthracnose yamagilebhisi, kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kwamaqabunga, ihlanganisa amahlumela, ibonakala kuzo ngeendawo ezincinci ezinobuncinane ezingenazimbombo. Njengoko ihlathi likhula, lilula kwaye lixinzelele, lifumane umthunzi wekhofi kunye nemiphetho emnyama emnyama. Izilonda ezinjalo kwisityalo, ngokuqhelekileyo zidibanisa kwindawo enye, zenzele ukudubula, zinzulu kakhulu, zithatha inxalenye yeenkuni ngaphezu kwe-bark, kunokuphazamisa ukubonelelwa kwezondlo. Iindawo ezichaphazelekayo ezincinci zeziqhamo zamagilebhisi ziye zatshitshiswa, zimnyama, ziphuka kalula. Amaqabunga kubo amancinci, ahlala eshwabene. Indlela yokuphatha i-anthracnose yamagilebhisi? Isitho sehlumelo esonakalisiweyo sibonisa ingozi yesi sifo sefungal for the bush of grape. Kucacile, awukwazi ukuvumela yonke into ihambe ngokwayo.

Ingozi ekhethekileyo yi-anthracnose yamagilebhisi ama-combs amancinci, abachaphazelayo ngexesha leentyantyambo okanye ngaphambili. Ngenxa yoko, i-inflorescence iyomisa kwaye ife (ngokukodwa okanye ngokugcwele). Amajikijolo nawo achaphazeleka yi-anthracnose. Ukuguqulwa, kunye neentlungu ezixinzelelekileyo kunye nokukhula okungalinganiyo kwiqela, zimela ubuso obubuhlungu kakhulu, ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukukrazula nokubonakalisa imbewu kwizilonda.

Iintlobo ezingqinelana ne-anthracnose

Uphuhliso olomeleleyo lwesifo lukhokelela ekumanyeni nasekupheliseni konke okuyingxenye engenasentla ye sityalo, kwaye ngenxa yoko, ekufeni kwayo. I-Anthracnose yamagilebhisi inokusasazeka ngamanzi, ukunkcenkceshela, inambuzane kunye nezixhobo zokusebenza. Ngokuqhelekileyo, isi sifo siphumelele kwindawo ekujoliswe kuyo kwaye sinokuchaphazela iintlobo ezifana noLydia, uHusayne, uKarabún, u-Isabella. Ukumelana ne-anthracnose yi-Tsolikouri, i-Riesling, i-Nimrang, i-Saperavi, i-Sauvignon.

Ukuqaliswa kwamagilebhisi anqandekanga kwi-anthracnose, iya kuba yinkqubo efanelekileyo kakhulu malunga nesi sifo. Kodwa ukuba eso sifo sitshontsha isityalo, kunokuba siphathe i-anthracnose yamagilebhisi?

I-fungus iyakwazi ukugqithisa ngaphezulu kwiintsimi zemidiya kwaye ivuke nesityalo entwasahlobo. Ngoko ke, amanyathelo okukhusela okujoliswe ekuthintelo nasekulawuleni kwesi sifo kubandakanya ukuchithwa okufanelekileyo kunye nokutshabalalisa amahlumela achaphazelekayo.

Iziyobisi ezivela kwiivini ze-anthracnose

Njengomlinganiselo wokukhusela kulo lonke ixesha elikhulayo, kufuneka ukuba uphefise ngamalungiselelo afana ne "Ridomil", "Horus", "i-Bordeaux liquid", emele isetyenziswe kwiiyure ezimbalwa emva kokulungiswa. Unyango lukhuthazwa ukuba luqhutyelwe kwimozulu engenamoya ekuseni okanye ngokuhlwa, ngaphandle kokucingwa kokufumana i-fungicides ekukhuleni kweenkcubeko eziseduze. Ezi ziyobisi azihlanjululwa yimvula, ngokukhawuleza zingena kwiinqumama zezityalo kwaye ziqale ukusebenza emva kweeyure ezintathu emva kokutshiza.

Ukulwa ne-anthracnose

Ukugqwesa ukulwa ne-anthrochnosis kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwe-microbiological: "Gaupsin", "Planris", "iMikosan", enezixhobo ezikhuselekileyo zokukhula ezikhulayo. Ukulungiswa akuyona inetyhefu kubantu nakwizilwanyana kwaye ayichaphazeli inkcazo yemveliso ekhulile. Ukuphumelela ekulwa ne-anthracnose kufikelela kuma-94%. Kwakhona, ekulweni nesifo sefungal, ukusetyenziswa kwamalungiselelo aqukethe ithusi, njenge "Poliram", "i-Copper Oxide", "Abiga-Peak", "iCartocid" icetyiswa. Isicelo sabo senziwe emva kokuba sifinyelele amahlumela ezityalo ezide 10-15 cm ubude.