Hanafi creed: Umqali, inkolo, imithombo komthetho

Madhhab in Islam ubizwa ngokuba isikolo umthetho elifuna. Kwiinkulungwane zokuqala emva kokuba isenzeko eqhelekileyo kakhulu kule mihla unqulo, nentaphane izazinzulu ayahlonitshwa kwaye abaphengululi inxaxheba ngobomi uMprofethi Muhammad kunye nabalandeli bakhe. Ngenxa yomsebenzi wabo kwixesha elizayo yayiyilwe inani elikhulu lezikolo isicelo okusebenzayo kwendlela Qur'an Sunnah. Sasinda ke amaxesha zethu, Kakade ke, asizizo zonke kubo.

Okwangoku, kukho ezine Madhab ephambili emhlabeni Muslim. Abalandeli Islam bakholelwa ukuba ezi mfundiso - Sunna imbono enokuthenjwa olululo Koran kulo mkhuba yemihla ngemihla mihla. Avamise kakhulu ehlabathini ngelo xesha leyo creed Hanafi. Abalandeli le mfundiso sisininzi Muslim.

umsunguli

Igama ezivame kakhulu Islam madhhab ogama Azam Abu Hanifa. Oku le iziqu AmaSilamsi ehlabathini lonke-imam obungqabangqaba yaye uhlonipha kwaye umseki wayo. Wazalwa Azabm Abu Hanifa kwi Ixesha Sahabah e Kufa. Isixeko ngaloo mihla kwelinye lamaziko ibalulekileyo zemfundo, inkcubeko kunye neyenkolo le Caliphate. usapho Imam kaThixo awayemi ntlandlolo Iran inxaxheba kurhwebo isilika.

Ukususela kwiminyaka ekuqaleni Azam Abu Hanifa waqalisa ukubonisa umdla iimfundiso zenkolo kunye bulumko ehlukeneyo eyayikhona ngoko Kufa. Ndandikhula, wagqiba kwelokuba arhoxe ngokupheleleyo urhwebo isilika, kunye azinikela ngokupheleleyo kwinzululwazi.

Isifundo fiqh

Ekuqaleni Azam Abu Hanifa yathatha inxaxheba ngokukhutheleyo zonke iintlobo mpikiswano zonqulo bulumko phakathi Kharijites, kunye nabameli Mu'tazilites amanye amaqela. Kamva waba nomdla umthetho Islamic (fiqh). Okokuqala, waqalisa ukufunda ngenyameko ezi hadiths uMprofethi Muhammad kunye ayahs (iindinyana) kweQur'an. Kulo mzekelo, Azam Abu Hanifa wayezimisele ukuba lirhoxe izibhalo kunye nokumisa iimfuno zomthetho, ngokunikeza zombini kwezesayensi.

Uphononongo sobulumko fiqh Muslim benza ixesha elide - 28 iminyaka. Abacebisi akhe umthetho Islamic ngamaxesha ezahlukene abaphengululi Muslim ohloniphekileyo, njengabo Amr ibn Dzhumahi, Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri, Hisham ibn Urwah, njalo-njalo. D.

Hanafi creed: Ngokungafaniyo nezinye izikolo

Ukuxhaphaka kwesi sikolo kwihlabathi Muslim kubangelwe ikakhulu ukuba bhetyebhetye yayo. Ukongeza, le popularization le Hanafi Madhab wakhuthaza nesifundo eneenkcukacha imiba enxulumene Shariah. Okwangoku oko zonqulo zomthetho imfundiso enenkcukacha kwihlabathi Muslim.

Ukongeza Abu Hanifa, umseki yesikolo Hanafi nasengcamangweni uphikelela abalandeli bakhe Muhammad Ash-Shaibani, kunye Abu Yusuf. Ezi ehloniphekileyo zefilosofi bezakwalizwi ezintathu ukwazile ukwakha isikolo kakhulu kwerandi, ekulandeleni kuphela izigqibo zonqulo kodwa kuphela enengqondo.

ukukholelwa

Ukuba ufake zonke iincwadi Hanafi Madhab, ngoko ke ziya kuba ngaphezu abanye abathathu zihlangene. Abaninzi of ngabazalwane kwesi sikolo njengesiseko imfundiso ukholo lamkele maturidi. Le ntshukumo zefilosofi amaSilamsi zavela ngenkulungwane XIII kwaye saka ngexesha ubunganga Ottoman.

The main lokwahlula phawu maturidi kukuba abalandeli bakhe kwimibandela "Genesis kaThixo 'ukuba uthembele nje kuphela yesingqino, kodwa bayilibale yaso, Kakade ke, ngaphandle Esiwa ukuzibaxa izinto. Ngokumalunga inkululeko lomyolelo, kule nkalo, zineziseko ngenxalenye waqaphela dzhabritov. Le yokugqibela bakholelwa ukuba yonke imicimbi yabantu Zidalwa kungekhona kodwa nguThixo. Nangona kunjalo, xa kuthelekiswa ukukhanyela ngokupheleleyo umntu inkululeko yokuzikhethela amarhamente dzhabritov hanfitskogo Madhab bayavuma into yokuba Allah ajika abe practice kuphela ukuba zivela le ndoda ngokwayo. Ngamafutshane, hi ku tiyiseka maturiditov, izenzo zabo bantu benze ngokwabo, kodwa kuphela ngoncedo kwamandla kaThixo.

imithombo Main yomthetho

abameli Ngokusekelwe kule sikolo, njengoko Hanafi madhhab, kwiinkolelo zawo kuphela Qur'an Sunnah. Ukongeza, imimiselo ngokusemthethweni Abu Hanifah isekelwe imithombo efana:

• Kiyas. Oko kukuthi yokuqiqa yi mfanekiso. Le ndlela isetyenziswa Islam, ukuba kuyimfuneko, xa kungekho ingcaciso njengentelekiso ngqo iSityhilelo iindlela zokusombulula ingxaki ethile. Kulo mzekelo, sinikela ingqalelo isivumelwano ekhoyo kwi-Quran.

• Idzhama - ukuvumelana-ubufundisi zobulumko zangaphambili kunye langoku.

• Orff - sebenzisa njenge mpikiswano ngokwemveli eqhelekileyo Islam likubona ukungabikho ebonisa ngqo kwiSityhilelo.

• Istihsan. Kungasebenziyo ukuba Qiyas esiphikisanayo idzhamoy kunye orfom. Ukuba ukucamanga yi mfanekiso akufanelekanga ummiselo omthetho anikwe elirhoxisa Kiyas iingxoxo.

Kucacile kuzo zonke iintlobo imiba yomthetho elifuna esikolweni sinokwenziwa ngokusekelwe iingxelo abafundi uMprofeti uMuhammad kaThixo.

Umthandazo Hanafi madhhab: Iimeko

Okokuqala Shari'ah (intsika of Islam) yeyona ukuphindwa formula sihamba kunye ukuqatshelwa nomnqophiso uMprofeti uMuhammad, okwesibini - umthandazo. Inkqubo umthandazo Islam wavela nje babesima ongumzekelo omhle neentshukumo uMprofethi Muhammad. Yiyo kanye ndlela wenza umthandazo, khumbula abafundi bakhe kunye Muslims okuqala. Kamva, banikela ulawulo umthandazo nabanye abalandeli Islam.

abameli Namaz kwesi sikolo yamandulo njengoko Hanafi ikani, ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko ezintandathu:

• kuhlanjwa;

• cover emzimbeni (ukuba amadoda - ukusuka inkaba emadolweni, abafazi - bonke ngaphandle ebusweni, iinyawo nezandla);

• isikhalazo Qiblah (kufuneka eme ejongene Kaaba);

• ukuzaliseka ngexesha lo mthandazo;

• injongo ukuthandaza ngokusesikweni, kodwa ngenxa ka Allah;

• ekuqaleni umthandazo ngamazwi "Allahu Akbar."

Ngokungafaniyo nezinye izikolo umthandazo

Ngokutsho imigaqo yokwenza kwisiko unyango uThixo e Islam isekelwe izihlandlo ezihlanu ngemini. Enyanisweni, lo mthandazo ngokwayo lwenziwa malunga efanayo kwezinye izikolo. Kodwa kukho ezinye umahluko. Ngoko ke, umzekelo, esikolweni Hanafi oko aluvumelekanga ukudibanisa loo mithandazo ukuba kubanjwa ngaloo maxesha ezahlukeneyo ngemini, imvula okanye endleleni. kukho ngaphandle ezimbalwa kulo mthetho. Ngexesha Hajj Hanafi, kwezinye iimeko, kodwa simanyene imithandazo.

Iimpawu imithandazo ekuseni

Eyokuqala imithandazo ezintlanu amarhamente iinkunzi kwesi sikolo olwenziwa xa uba ukukhanya ngokwaneleyo ukwahlula izinto. Lo mkhwa xa yamkelwe, kubonakala ukuze aqokelele inani elikhulu labantu kwi mosque. Abafazi bachitha umthandazo kusasa ngesiqhelo ekwi ebumnyameni.

Madhhab eRussia

Kwilizwe lethu, amaSilamsi becala ziphantsi kakhulu abaninzi kwiqela Cartoon Islam. Ezinjalo, umzekelo, unguye Bashkirs, nangezinto, kabradintsy, Circassians kunye nezinye izizwe. Ngokutsho uphando ngabaphengululi, Cartoon Hanafi Madhab wabonakala eRashiya phantse ngoko nangoko emva kokuba ubungqina Islamic.

Ukongeza Hanafi, kwilizwe lethu kukho benza kuphela Shafi'ites. Aba ikakhulu abantu eCaucasus, azinza eMoscow, eSt Petersburg kunye nezinye izixeko ezikhulu. Ngoko ke, i Hanafi kunye Shafi'i esikolweni - ekhethekileyo kwisikolo Russian umthetho elifuna.