Hamba emqaleni. Izizathu kunye nento enokuyenza?

Umntu uyothuswa yintlungu yebhola emqaleni, njengoko evakalelwa kukuba: into ehlangene kuyo. Uloyiko lubangelwa ukucinga malunga nezifo ezinokuthi zinjalo njengempawu emqaleni. Iimbangela zokuxhalaba zixhalaba ngenxa yokulahleka kwamandla okuqalisa nokulawula ukuhamba kwemisipha ethile exhasa ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokuthetha, intlungu, isisu kunye nezihlunu ezijongene nokuhamba kwamehlo njalonjalo. Esi sifo sabizwa ngokuthi i- amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (i-ALS, ngesiNgesi ivakalisa njenge-Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, ALS).

I-ALS okanye i-ALS iyisifo se- neuron, isifo sokuqala esasifumene ngo-1939 eNyakatho Melika. Ingxaki leyo ibonakala ngokunyamekela ngokukhawuleza, ukunyuka kwe- musrophy of muscle kunye ne-fasciculations (i-short-term contraction of a number of fibers), i-spasticity (imisindo ye-muscle eyandisiweyo), ukukhubazeka kwentetho (dysarthria), ubunzima bokugwinya (dysphagia), kunye Ngokunciphisa amandla okuphefumula. Kodwa iimpawu ezikhulayo ze-bulbar paralysis (i-dysarthria kunye ne-dysphagia) akunakunxulumaniswa nesi sifo.

Ukwesaba umhlaza we-larynx yenye yoloyiko eyenza intloko emqaleni. Iingxaki zengxaki, nangona kunjalo, akunakwenzeka ukuba zibangelwe yi-tumor. Ngokuqhelekileyo le ntlupheko ibangelwa kubukho bamanye amazwe, izifo zengqondo, kunye ne-reflux isifo se-larynx (FLR). I-refryx ye-Pharyngolaryngeal - iphosa ngokusebenzisa i-esophagus, kunye ne-sphincter ephezulu ye-esophageal ye-contents ye-duodenum okanye isisu kwi-larynx okanye ipharynx. Le nto iqhelekileyo ihamba kunye neempawu zesidingo esingapheliyo sokucima umbhobho ngokukhwehlela, ukuphazamiseka, iingxaki emva kokusebenzisa amaconsi emisipha okanye enye imithi, intlungu, ukukhwehlela, ukutshisa, ukwanda kwe-sputum.

Kubuphi na ubudala, kunokuba neqhekeza emqaleni. Izizathu zezikhalazo ezinjalo zivame ukufihla imeko yomntu. Zibangelwa ukuxhatshazwa kwemisipha ebangelwa ukuxhalaba, ukuxinezeleka okanye ukuxinezeleka. Ngenxa yoko, kukho ukuphambana okungazibandakanyiyo kwemisipha emqaleni womphefumlo, apho ingqondo ibona njengendoda emqaleni ngenxa yomzimba wasemzini othe wangena kuwo. Iingcali zibiza le ngqungquthela, njenge-pharyngeus okanye i-hysterical lump. Kodwa akukho nto ibuhlungu ngayo, loo mntu uhlala ephazamisekile. Ukudandatheka nokuxinezeleka namhlanje zizona zizathu eziqhelekileyo ezibangela ukuqhuma rhoqo emqaleni.

Ubuninzi obuqhelekileyo obuvakalayo obunokubangela ukuxhamla kwesikhumba kubangele i-hernia yezihlunu zesigxina se-sophage, umhlaza, i-cysts, i-granulomas, ukwanda kwenzeni ye-thyroid. Olu hlobo lokugqibela luyakwenzeka, xa luba lunkulu kangangokuthi lugqithisa i-esophagus. Olu konyuka lubangelwa ukungabikho kwe-iodine (i-goiter engeyona inetyhefu) okanye ukwanda kwe-hormone ye-thyroid eyenza i-pituitary gland. Kwaye kukho nawuphi na umzekelo, intamo ingabonakala ikhutshwe ngenxa yokunyuka kwegciwane le-thyroid. Kodwa le nkqubo ayipheli omnye unyaka, kuphela kule meko entanyeni kukho ukubunjwa okukhulu. I-lesion ye-membrane ye-mucous inokubangela ukuba inhlama emqaleni. Izimbangela zomonakalo onjalo zilimala ngenxa yokugwinya izinto ezibukhali, umzekelo, isincinane sethambo.

Izigulane zixhalaba xa kukho intloko emqaleni. Yintoni enokuyenza kule meko? Njani ukuphathwa? Lo mbuzo ungaphendulwa kuphela ngugqirha emva kweemviwo, ngenxa yoko angasenza isizathu esinjongo. Kuxhomekeke kwi-diagnostic, unyango okanye unyango olwenziwe ngonyango lunokukhethwa. Akukho zonyango okanye iingcebiso zamachiza endabuko kule meko akuvumelekanga.