Emimoyeni ebandayo phezu Western

Malunga ne-70% umhlaba abahlala World Ocean. Ukuba sihlala motion phantsi kwempembelelo ixesha elide okanye elifutshane ifuthe imvelaphi ezahlukeneyo. iintshukumo ezifana of izihlwele emikhulu yamanzi nempembelelo jikelele imozulu kule nxalenye yehlabathi kwaye yonke imozulu Yomhlaba. In the Southern saseNtla, loo exposure abe ngoku olomeleleyo ebandayo, ebizwa i-West Wind Drift.

Oonobangela imisinga yolwandle

World amanzi olwandle kwiingingqi ezahlukeneyo planethi yahluka ubushushu, ingxinano, etyuwa, umbala, kwaye ayikwazi ngokwasemzimbeni ibe nabaphathi elinye. Iyisa kudla kubangelwa ziziphumo ezidibeneyo imikhosi ezininzi uziphatha ngendlela ezahlukeneyo kubunzulu ezahlukeneyo.

Phezu komhlaba nemisinga olwandle of umba engundoqo imfundo - nomoya okhoyo. imimoya Trade leyo babe kwicala rhoqo kakhulu, ngokuba oyena nobangela ukuyilwa yimisinga ezimbini ezinkulu, ulwalathiso yokukugcina ixesha elide: Northern and Southern kwemisinga zemvula. Baya sokumpompa amanzi ukuya kutsho kumda yasentshona Atlantic kunye wePasifiki, apho, kuxhomekeke imilo amazwekazi, imilambo ngamnye kwakheka. kwegazi kwakhiwa, ezixhasa kuquka imimoya zemvula ukuba ukuvuthela ehlotyeni kunye ulwandle ilizwe, yaye ebusika - phezu koko.

Kweshushu

Oceans - umoya Global conditioner le planethi, leyo iindlela lobushushu eziliqela. Phakathi kweentlobo isindululo translational amanzi ukwahlula amanzi ashushu nabandayo. ulwandle flow lobushushu - ayinakuqondwa kodwa isalamane. Kulungele yenza indawo kupholile, a ebandayo - opha ngongqameko ocean elibaselwe ngumoji kunye sezulu ishushu.

Ngokuqhelekileyo Flow zibhekiswe kude-ikhweyitha, ukususela ezinezinga eliphezulu ukuya ephantsi - ezishushu. Ukuba umsinga uzalelwa ukuya ngasezantsi okanye ngasentla kweikhweyitha kwaye ithwala amanzi kwingingqi ebandayo, oko - a ngoku abandayo.

lobushushu kwezinto yolwandle luphawu ebonakalayo umzekelo imisinga ezimbini yolwandle, ibekwe kumalungu ahlukeneyo planethi. Gulf Stream - ulwandle idumileyo ukuze kusekwe imozulu kuMntla saseNtla, ubushushu bamanzi ayikho kuluhlu 4-6 ° C kwaye inxulumene eshushu, ageze shushu elunxwemeni. yangoku abandayo onamandla Benguela - enye amasebe West Wind Drift. Ngu Cape athwala amanzi, lashushu 20 ° C.

Xa Umda Antarctic

I omkhulu intshukumo amanzi kwimimandla ezimbini ikhweyitha kumazantsi - eyona inamandla kakhulu kwiplanethi yethu. Zakha Antarctic Circumpolar (sama Latin - macala + polaris - polar) ngaphakathi, a ring okuqhubekayo encircles iplanethi kuzo entshona ukuya empuma. I-flow inkulu ebandayo - isiqulatho engundoqo imfundo enemiqathango geographical - i-Southern Ocean, akhiwa amanzi Pacific, Indian kunye neelwandle Atlantic ezingqonge Antarctica.

Esemacaleni lelizwekazi yesithandathu, ngowama-55 ° ekwizibanzi ngasezantsi, umda osemazantsi wokupasa olunemiqathango kulo mlambo, kwaye langasentla ecaleni parallel 40. Apho kudibana yamanzi abandayo onxweme belizwekazi esemazantsi kuhlawulwa yi ice kunye elinephepha ashushu emazantsi olwandle wazalwa imimoya yomeleleyo Southern saseNtla.

egqumayo novalo

Eli lelinye igama kwi ilizwe libe imimoya Koloni.

Ezinezinga, kunye esilawula yangoku inkulu kuyabanda, eyabelwe izihloko ezininzi kakhulu. "Novalo Ekubeni 'zikungqinge" ebhombolozayo "yaye" Imbi' i ngamahlanu kunye "ukugqojozwa" gqira. Umyinge isantya somoya kule ndawo - 7-13 m / s. Beaufort umoya ebizwa a fresh kwaye womelele, njengesiphango kunye isivunguvungu (25 m / s) - into ngokwesiqhelo.

Enamandla abandayo ngoku circumpolar, ukuba ukuhlangabezana nemiqobo njengezwekazi, nomoya omkhulu gqolo ntshonalanga wenza ngama le ndlela imfutshane ukuze sailboats. Apha ukubeka "indlela ye Clipper", ogama oko iinqanawa uchwetheza tsenivshihsya ukulungiselela ukunikezelwa fast kakhulu kwempahla yobukoloniyali ukusuka Indiya kunye neTshayina Europe. Edume "iti" Clipper kwi XVIII-XIX iirekhodi isantya iinkulungwane, ukuba bakwazi ziyijikeleze ngempumelelo encam yeAfrika kunye Umzantsi Melika.

Ububanzi, nobude, isantya sokuqukuqela

Marine for Southern imimoya ubude abangama-30,000 km kwaye 1000 km ububanzi ngaba inobunzima (umyinge flow ngokomthamo) - .. 125-150 Sv (svedrupov), oko kukuthi lihamba flow yesibini 150 lamawaka cubic metres yamanzi. Oku ufana ngamandla ukuba kwezinye iindawo Gulf Stream. I-flow Izinga kumphezulu inwebu amanzi olwandle - ukususela 0.4 ukuya 0.9 km / h, ubunzulu - 0.4 km / h.

lobushushu Water Antarctic Circumpolar yangoku yahlukile emasebeni awo amakhulu, zisenzeka elwandle ezintathu ezahlukeneyo. I-West Wind Drift ngu:

• Falkland kunye Benguela zangoku kwi-Atlantic.
• I-West Australian - kwi-Indian Ocean.
• yangoku pacific Peruvian.

In emazantsi ukuhamba loqukuqelo umaleko ongaphezulu unalo 1-2 ° C ubushushu, kwi emantla - 12-15 ° C.

Phezu komhlaba kunye kwigumbi langaphakathi

Oceans - luyinto eyodwa. Kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba yonke ububanzi amanzi olwandle siyahamba rhoqo. Ukubana oxwesileyo ke zincediswe nkqo xa waphakamisa maleko ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi ashinyeneyo shushu. It uyaqhubeka ukufunda kwemisinga enzulu ngaphambili ingafikeleleki ukuba basoloko ephambene ulwalathiso komhlaba.

Ngo-2010, oosonzululwazi Japanese wafumanisa kufuphi nonxweme Antarctica kummandla Adelie loMhlaba, a impembelelo efihlakeleyo eyomeleleyo. Xa amanzi oLwandle Ross aqukuqela ukusuka ukunyibilika zomkhenkce ukwenza kubunzulu yeemitha 3000 ukuhamba amandla 30 million m ³ / s. 0.7 km / h, kunye nobushushu amanzi + 0,2 ° C - rate flow Oku ke ngoku abandayo eSouth Seas.