Davit: iimpawu zobugcisa, injongo

Ukuze enze umsebenzi yokulayisha (ukothula), ephakamisa, kusetyenziswa jib ezithutha, iinkcukacha zabo zobugcisa ukuvumela ukusebenza imithwalo ezinkulu enzima. Amaninzi, isixhobo inokufumaneka ekwakheni, mveliso, izitora. Designs ezahlukahlukeneyo neempawu zabo. Kodwa lo mgaqo isebenza ngokufanayo kuzo zonke iintlobo.

Umgaqo yokusebenza kwefowuni

Cathead imele isakhiwo ethile, equka oku kulandelayo:

• indlela for kwesiqalekiso;
• isikhokelo anokuthi mechanism (flight umendo umqadi) ehamba;
• imiqadi ezimbini ekupheleni, eziyimfuneko ukuze intshukumo nendwe onezi.

Isixhobo kokususa izanyazanyiswa umqadi ube mnye luphaphazela kumacala amabini: ngokuthe nkqo. Enyanisweni, lo mshini ngenxa drive, nto leyo kulawulwa yi panel yolawulo.

yonke le nkqubo isebenza zendwe angohlulwa ngezigaba ezininzi:

• impahla kokususa;
• intshukumo imithwalo ukuya khona (stroke);
• ukothula;
• Buyela kwindawo kulayishwa (besonqena).

Oku kuyilwa Kulula kakhulu. Ingasetyenziswa zombini ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Iindidi ezithile ingafakwa nokuba ngasemagumbini ezincinane, adla kakhulu lashiywa ngenxa yesikhundla salo nzima.

Davit kwi kuyilo lungohlulwa lube iintlobo ezimbini: basic kunye pendant.

unit umisiwe

Ferrule ukuzihlalela ehamba nendwe kwi imiqadi phezulu. Nabo ke, ekhwele phezu isakhiwo efama. Endaweni yoko, iifama ingafakwa nezinye izinto. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le yokugqibela isetyenziswa ngaphandle.

Imiba ephambili ye-crane ezihambahambayo:

• ekupheleni umqadi emibonweni lukhuselekile;
• ekupheleni nqwelwana ngesandla;
• ukuxhasa msebe;
• senduku flight umendo, oko kukuthi I-echweliweyo;
• eqhuba nempahla;
• nokuphakamisa phakamisa (wokuphakamisa izinto) ;
• ukuqhuba elawulwa kude.

Crane girder uhlobo axhasayo

Inkxaso davit kubume balo isikhokelo, leyo yanamathela ngenkxaso. Ixhasa senziwe yimiqolo okanye isikwere ngekonkriti okanye ngentsimbi.

Isixhobo yale hlobo bubonakaliswe le miba ilandelayo:

• beam flight umendo;
• senduku isiphelo, encamathele indlela moya;
• ekupheleni umqadi isekelwe phezu evulekile;
• Ukuphakamisa indlela;
• drive.

elawulwa kude for nendwe zingabekwa ngaphakathi kwindlu okhethekileyo. A nga kwehliswe phantsi. Emva koko ulawulo lwenziwa ukusuka emgangathweni yi kwisikhululo lokutyhala iqhosha-.

uhlobo drive

Ngomhla nendwe kufakwa iintlobo ezimbini drive: zombane kunye manual.

jib Manual afanelekileyo ukusebenza imithwalo ukuba ubunzima eliphantsi. Isantya intshukumo zezi zixhobo lingaphantsi kwe zombane. Xa yokusebenza yabo yindlela bubonakaliswe ukhwelisa mpethu mobile. Shaft drive ibandla of oludityaniswe namasondo endlela. Udluliselo elidityaniswe kuyo ivili lokuqhuba yi chain.

drive zombane ivame kakhulu. Isetyenziswa ukususa wokuphakamisa izinto impahla okanye into ngentambo, zifakwe kwi neenqwelo ezikhethekileyo. Indlela iqhutywa yi-injini yombane, ibhokisi iiseyile kunye namavili bogie.

iimpawu eziphambili sefowuni

Weight impahla waphakamisa - eziphambili parameters ukuba zikho jib. Umthamo ixhomekeke ekwakhiweni. Ukudluliselwa, eli xabiso sivela iitoni ezili-1 ukuya kwi-10. izixhobo Ulenga anexabiso elisezantsi ayidluli tonnes ezintlanu.

mechanism ngezantya ingahluka. Ngenxa yoko, i-crane reference umqadi uyakwazi ukususa umthwalo ngesantya kwimitha 0.4-1 ngomzuzwana. izixhobo Ulenga ukusebenza kancinci kancinci. Velocity yabo ayidluli 0.5 ngomzuzwana.

Ezi mpawu nazo kusoloko elikhankanyiweyo yokubhabha ubukhulu crane. Oko ku ezahlukene-3 ukuya 28.5 m. Phantsi kweminwe kucingelwa ukuba isithuba (indawo), nto leyo kukhonza icebo.

Olu khetho likuvumela ukuba bazohlule babe ziindidi ezimbini:

• lungangomolulo omnye, Eboniswe ubude ukusuka 3 ukuya kwiimitha ezili-15;
• bubonke ezimbini, ongqamana ixabiso ukusuka oziimitha 7.5 ukuya kwi-12.

nendwe umisiwe neyophahla umthwalo inokupheliswa ukuya ukuphakama kuyimitha-6 ukuya ku-36. Ukuxhasa iindlela ixabiso ngezantsi lufikelela leemitha 6-18.

milenge zokwakha Metal

Ngemiqadi eziphambili ngokuqhelekileyo zenziwe ngohlobo ibhokisi ebuxande ngokuthi ukuwelda iipleyiti ezine ngentsimbi. Ngamanye amaxesha iimakhishithi bent zingasetyenziswa okanye izixhaso. Oku kwenzelwa ukuba kwandiswe uzinzo nesakhiwo ukugoba phantsi imithwalo enzima.

Udonga kwebhulorho, nto leyo ibekwe ngaphakathi, kuba esisiseko. Ngako oko, udonga zangaphandle abangabancedani. maxa wambi kusetyenziswa zentsimbi kunye cutouts udonga encedisayo. Oku kunciphisa ubunzima ibandla. Kodwa ukuba anamanxeba lwenziwa ukuze ethwele amandla ukwakhiwa abuzange bunciphe.

ukwakhiwa isakhelo echazwe ngasentla luphawulwa dvuhbalochnye isixhobo. Single-girder phezulu nendwe amaninzi eyenziwe I-beam kunye olubuxande kwicala okanye ntathu emnqamlezweni. Ngoko ke, njengoko kwimeko yangaphambili, esiqhutywa njenge sheet okanye truss.

Ukomeleza isakhiwo ngaphakathi imiqadi eziphambili ofunwa uvalo. Bona ebekwe kwi-engile degrees 90 ukuya esqwini longitudinal ye umqadi. ukuphakama kwawo phantse twatse ukuphakama iindonga.

Ethubeni olukhulu imiqadi ephambili isoloko iimeko ke eguqa ngaphakathi phantsi kweempembelelo ubunzima umthwalo omkhulu zithutha. Ukuze kulungiswe le eqhwalela neyophahla arch kwangaphambili phezulu, ukudala ekuthiwa-nokuphakamisa yokwakha. Ngaba oku nqanaba kusikwe sheets ngentsimbi.

Isiphelo umqadi kuyilo yayo embhoxo bhokisi buxande. Bazenza iibhokisi asi kwaye akhokelele ekuqhubekekeni nentshukumo kwendwe. Xa izixhobo ezisetyenziswa ngaphandle, iindlela anti-nobusela ebekwe phambili ngaphakathi imiqadi itreyila. Bakhusela intshukumo ngumoya.

Usebenzisa imiqadi crane lula kakhulu umsebenzi abaninzi. Kwaye kwezinye iimeko kuphela ukhetho xa ngokumyusa ezihambayo imithwalo. Kanye ngenxa yale yolwaphulo liphezulu kangaka.