Concept kunye neentlobo yeenkqubo kwi Russian Federation

umyalelo elithile reference, uqwalaselo nesigqibo amatyala, nto leyo imiswe ngokungqinelana nomthetho, ebizwa iingxoxo. It ikhona iintlobo ezine: siseko, yoluntu, yolwaphulo-mthetho kunye nezolawulo. Ukuqwalaselwa ifayile ityala usoloko eqhutywa ngoogunyaziwe enkundla ngokusekelwe iikhowudi kunye neminye imithetho yase. Ngoko ke, indlela kule meko kuyimfuneko, kungenjalo ke ngesisombululo sempikiswano Ungatsala kuzo ixesha elingenammiselo ixesha.

definition

Iinkqubo imele ingqalelo inkqubo inyathelo ezithile kunye ngesisombululo ityala, oluqhutywa ngokuhambelana nomthetho. Ngenxa yokuba kakhulu elula kubume bayo a ebhaliweyo zesibheno ngummi ayikwazi kuba esithubeni. Kufuneka kwamkelwa liSebe inkundla kunye ingqalelo.

Imigaqo esisiseko zemveliso kwezi zilandelayo:

- yokulingana bonke abemi phambi komthetho, kungakhathaliseki ukuba uhlanga yomntu, ibala lakhe, ubutyebi;

- emphakathini - iintetho malunga intlanganiso evulekileyo, leyo isonjululwe nguye nawuphi na umntu onomdla;

- emphakathini - nto leyo ithetha ukuba uphando olwenziwe ngabasemagunyeni zoluntu;

- ukukhusela - wonke umntu unelungelo lokuba uncedo abaqeqeshiweyo ngokusemthethweni igqwetha;

- ulwimi yesizwe kufuneka kuqondwe abantu ababandakanyekayo kule nkqubo.

Concept kunye neentlobo yeenkqubo kwi Russian Federation

Kwimeko nganye kufuneka siqwalaselwe zisonjululwe ngokuhambelana nomthetho. Ukuze wenze oku, yithathe ukuya kwenye yezi ntlobo ezikhoyo leenkqubo zomthetho:

- siseko;

- civil;

- umthetho;

- zolawulo.

Kulo mzekelo, ngamnye kubo uneempawu zawo, nto leyo zicwangciswa ngendlela ikhowudi ethile kunye neminye imiqathango emiselwe. kanye Ingcamango lobulungisa umyalelo yeengxoxo, nto leyo ibalulekileyo ukuze ngexesha elichanekileyo yokusombulula ingxabano.

nemisebenzi esisiseko

Iintlobo leenkqubo zomthetho eRashiya yahlulwe yaba ziindidi ezine eziphambili:

- siseko usebenza kwimeko xa oko kuyimfuneko ukuseka ukuthotyelwa izenzo owamkelwe umthetho esisiseko karhulumente;

- yolawulo - ngabantu amatyala ezincinane (misdemeanors), uxanduva apho lilawulwa yi-Code Administrative;

- empini - ukusombulula iingxabano evela impahla kunye zobuqu ubudlelwane non-propati kwabantu;

- isaphuli-mthetho - kuyimfuneko ukuseka etyaleni mthetho okanye yokugwetyelwa kwabo ngokusebenzisa ubungqina incontrovertible.

Ngamnye kubo iinjongo zalo xa isigqibo amatyala. Kungenxa yoko le nto iintlobo yeenkqubo eRashiya zahlukile omnye ezinye iindlela zabo kunye neendlela, kwaye kufuneka iimpawu ezithile ingqalelo izikhalazo izicelo ezinxulumene kolawulo lwabo.

sisekelo

Eyona njongo iphambili yale silingo ukufanisa ukwamkelwa nemimiselo yomthetho esisiseko karhulumente. Ukongeza, kuba phakathi kobuchule weNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko we-Russian Federation, nto leyo igunya, izigqibo zayo azikwazi ukuba ingatshintshwa. Oku kulawulwa yi-siseko ilandelayo:

- ukuzimela;

- collegiality;

- mlonyeni;

- ekuqhubekekeni yentlanganiso;

- ukhuphiswano;

- yokulingana amaqela.

Ukuqwalasela ingakumbi kukwaphula umthetho kurhulumente kunye nokungathotyelwa ye-siseko.

Izigqibo kunye nezigwebo zeNkundla zezokugqibela yaye ukuthatha isiphumo ngokukhawuleza emva kweso sibhengezo. Ukongeza, ukuba imithombo ebalulekileyo komthetho-siseko.

Intlanganiso ye igunya loluntu zazidla ngokuthwala yolawulo lonxibelelwano yabagwebi. Oku azivunyelwa ngisho losasazo yabo, kodwa imiba ingakumbi ebalulekileyo kuphela.

iinkqubo zomthetho-siseko eRashiya usoloko iqala kunye nesicelo abantu abagunyazisiweyo. Ilungelo lokubhena kulo mzekelo zezi:

- nguMongameli;

- I Duma State;

- Council of the Federation;

- Government;

- Higher Arbitration Court.

inkqubo yolawulo

Oku kuthetha ukuba indlela yokujongana izikhalazo lwabemi amaqumrhu asemthethweni kumanyathelo ngabasemagunyeni. Ukongeza, iinkqubo zolawulo eziyimfuneko ukusombulula iingxabano phakathi ngabalawulwa yesebe mthetho. Lubonakala ngokuphunyezwa le misebenzi ilandelayo:

- ukufikelela ubulungisa entsimini yonxulumano loluntu;

- ekukhuseleni iimfuno ezisemthethweni yabemi kunye nemibutho;

- nokuthintelwa amatyala (misdemeanors);

- ingqalelo imiba kunye nokusombulula le didi amatyala.

Ukongezelela, ukususela 2015 nayo yonke indawo Russia waqalisa ukusebenza iKhowudi RF yeNkqubo Administrative. Ngaphambi kokuba zonke iimeko kolu didi zisonjululwe ngoncedo i-CPC RF, kodwa ngoku ke inkqubo ekhethekileyo ingqalelo.

Le Code of yeNkqubo zoLawulo ze-Russian Federation ngoku uxwebhu enkulu yenkqubo apho imigaqo emsebenzini wayo zichazwe, iindlela zobungqina, kwakunye nobhaliso yebango.

inkqubo civil

Iinjongo eziphambili apha ingqalelo zichanekile yaye olungele kunye nokusombulula iingxabano ezivela phakathi kwabantu kunye nemibutho malunga imilinganiselo yokuziphatha kunye eziphathekayo.

Umyalelo yeNkqubo Civil ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

- inkqubo kwamatyala embambano badlula ngomlomo, ngolwimi Iyaqondakala loo iyileyo amaqela ukuba kunjalo;

- uhlola bonke ubungqina;

- weva ubungqina amangqina kunye neengcali;

- aziphendule.

Apha kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba izinto ezifunyenwe yinkundla kufuneka kuqwalaselwe kwisithuba seenyanga ezimbini, ngaphandle sebango abuyiselwe, iiveki ezine kuphela kubonelelwe kuye.

Isicelo singeniswe ngokubhaliweyo, ukongeza awukhuphele onke amaxwebhu ayimfuneko kufuneka zifakwe, kwakunye irisithi lokuhlawula umrhumo, ukuba sibonelelwe. Emva kwesi senzo inkundla iya isigqibo ngendlela eyamkeleke kwityala okanye uyibuyisele kwi ummangali sokulungisa ukunyhashwa.

wamacala

Ngaba Akukho kangako na intsingiselo yalo ngaphezu kwezinye iintlobo yeenkqubo kwi Russian Federation. Oku kulawulwa nguMthetho ezingundoqo kwaye ebalulekileyo kulo mthetho - iKhowudi. Eli cala yenzelwe ukusombulula imiba ephathelele kutyeshelo ezinobungozi, ezo zibizwa ngokuba zolwaphulo-mthetho.

Ukongeza, iye iinkqubo zayo yokujongana, nto leyo iya kuxhomekeka kakhulu nesokuvuma ummangalelwa unetyala. Kulo mzekelo, i violator ezizodwa, izohlwayo ezibukhali (entolongweni, uthintelo yayo, izohlwayo ezinkulu) iyasetyenziswa. Kungenxa yoko le nto simangalo setyala lolwaphulo ithathwa ibaluleke ngaphezu kwezinye iintlobo yeenkqubo kwi Russian Federation, njengoko sigwebo into ngonaphakade ukutshintsha isiphelo womntu.