Cholerae Vibrio. Le ikholera eyingozi

Vibrio cholerae - iibhaktheriya ezibangela umntu usuleleko kakhulu emathunjini. Okufana ikholera ekubulaleni emathunjini amancinci, kunye nophuhliso leekliniki etsolo ukunxila, sorhudo anzongonzongo, ukugabha lweenkcukacha kunye nelahleko ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kwiincindi zomzimba. ikholera angaphila kokusingqongileyo ixesha elide, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo kufuna umntu (vibrionositel) kuphuhliso lwabo kunye nokuzala. Abantu abanjalo ukuba iimpawu incinane, gqolo ukhupha kwi imeko sotyatyazo ngakumbi nangakumbi.

cholerae Vibrio sisasazwa kumntu yi indlela ilindle-ngomlomo. Oko kukuthi, ndle ezingcolisekileyo kunye iintsholongwane wakhululwa kokusingqongileyo (umhlaba, amanzi), okwenziwa zizinambuzane, ngokuqhelekileyo iimpukane phezu ukutya izinto zasekhaya.

A feature of sorhudo kukuba kudla usebenza kuphela ngokohlobo ngobhubhani. Le nakujoliso olutsha engundoqo ezisoloko zikho kuthathwa ukuba Afrika, Latin America, South-East Asia. Ikholera idweliswe njenge izifo yedwa.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kukho ngaphezu kwesinye elinamanci mane amaqela Vibrio cholerae na. agents Causative ikholera kukho abameli serogroup O1 - Vibrio cholerae O1. Ngokutsho iimpawu zayo Vibrio cholerae i intonga emfutshane egobile, kunye yomsila. Le gram-HIV iintsholongwane aerobic ekhule nge-alkali ze amajelo nezondlo kwi lobushushu voice ka 10-40 degrees Celsius. Enye ikholera - Vibrio cholerae El Tor uyakwazi erythrocytes hemolyze iigusha.

Ukuvela ikholera

Ngokupheleleyo zonke iindlela apho ikholera ethunyelwayo, jonga indlela ilindle-ngomlomo yokosulela. Umntu ogulayo okanye oyiyekayo vibriocarrier kokusingqongileyo sorhudo. Ukusuka apho Vibrio amaninzi engena emanzini apho abanye abantu bosulelwe yi-ikholera. Ukongeza, ukutya kusenokwenzeka ukutya bosulelwe ngexesha lamalungiselelo, ukusasazwa, ukuhlanjwa okanye ukugcinwa.

A indima ekhethekileyo ukusasazeka sotyatyazo kudlala iimeko ezimbi nesempilweni, ezixineneyo kwabantu, eyayinethombo elikhulu labantu abafudukayo abavela kwiindawo ngokwasendalweni apha. Emva kokuba sifo 4-5% yamatyala yabantu baba abathwali okondeleyo vibrio, nto leyo ibekwe senyongo. Ingakumbi Uphawu lo yenethiwekhi abadala. Kwezinye iimeko, ukugula ndiyizalele kuvelisa okukwazi ongqingqwa serotype ukuba bosulelekile abantu.

okuthatha

Ubude bafukanywe of Vibrio cholerae yahluka ukusuka ezimbalwa iiyure ukuya kwiintsuku ezimbalwa (ukuya ezintlanu), kodwa ngokubanzi malunga 24-48 iiyure. Ubuzaza sifo ngamnye lomntu ngamnye. Iimpawu zesi sifo nokuba zombini bucinyiwe, kwaza kwathiwa (kwiimeko ezinjalo, ukufa kwenzeka ngomhla wokuqala okanye wesibini elibukhali emzimbeni).

iimpawu

Kholera ezahlukeneyo inani iimpawu uphawu kuquka: ehlasela etsolo, utyatyazo lweenkcukacha anzongonzongo iintsuku eziliqela, kusihlalo unalo pasty okanye umbala guquki ulwelo ukukhanya hina, esha. Ukugabha: okokuqala kutshanje wadla ukutya, yaye kamva kuba ulwelo, efana amanzi rice. Iqondo lobushushu siyongezwa, kwiimeko kakhulu, kukho ukuhla ukuya ku 35-35.5 degrees Celsius. Ogulayo zonke iimpawu emzimbeni. Umchamo output uwisa kabukhali, emva kokuba kutshintshwe ukungabikho ngokupheleleyo ukuchama.

unyango

Unyango ikholera olwenziwe nokulondoloza ajikelezayo umthamo wegazi kunye inyama recovery electrolyte kuqamba. Ukuze ezi njongo, esebenzayo unyango ezihlaselayo kunye efakwa saline uze ngokulungelanisa imeko-exchange ngamanzi-eletrolitnogo.