Blackbird

Turdus merula (blackbird) unomzimba omkhulu kakhulu, ogama ubude - amabini anesine ngamashumi amabini anesithandathu cm. Lowo uhlala ehlathini (ezinamagqabi avuthulukayo exutyiweyo), iipaki, izitiya. Le blackbird eyindoda ngokupheleleyo, ine i umlomo-orenji kunye amakhonkco kufutshane namehlo. Female kunye ezisencinci of umbala omdaka nomsila emnyama, lisuke labuna isisu nomqala.

intaka ezingenamqolo Inqwelo blackbird, kwakunye iziqhamo zimnandi, kuquka amaqunube.

Amaninzi iindlwane zingafunyanwa ephikisanayo kunye namahlathi coniferous kunye umhlaba ufumile kunye undergrowth okulungileyo ezingxingweni ehlathini kunye neepaki yene kunye nezitiya. Le itoti wayakhela blackbird phezulu ngaphezu komhlaba (iimitha ukuya ezisibhozo) phezu kwemithi, nespruce, ezinde kunye nezinye imithi, kwaye ephantsi ngokwaneleyo: ngo herringbone encinane okanye kwizikhondo. Maxa wambi iindlwane afumaneka emhlabeni, phakathi neengcambu zemithi ezindala kunye ezinkulu. Kuba ukwakhiwa Blackbird isebenzisa ingca eyomileyo akubangelwa, ulele, amagqabi, ubulembu kunye amagqabi ezingcakacileyo, elibamba ngodongwe oluxutywe zeentsalela zezityalo kunye nomhlaba. Indlwane yi ukuyilwa indebe-ezimile. Ubukhulu bayo - ukusuka nekhulu ukuya milimitha elinamanci amabini amathathu ukuphakama - ukususela milimitha asixhenxe ukuya kumashumi asithoba. Yetreyi uba ububanzi phakathi asixhenxe ukuya kwenye elinamanci nobunzulu - ukusuka milimitha amane ukuya amathandathu. Xa uthe waqubisana nendlu zisoloko zibekwe umandlalo lweengcambu ezithambileyo nezikhondo. Yalala amaqanda.

Bamba ingaba ukusuka amaqanda amane ukuya ezisixhenxe baluthuthu bamantshontsho eluhlaza kunye akhanya okanye umhlwa-nemfusa smears, ukuqina ngamanye amaxesha ekupheleni luhlaza.

Inkunzi kuthetha nje kuphela kwakusakhiwa yentaka, kodwa hatching. Ngexesha amantshontsho phantse ayeke ukucula.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, le blackbird aqale ukubeka amaqanda ngoMeyi, kwisiqingatha sesibini. Ekupheleni kwenyanga bafukanywe efanayo iqala. Amantshontsho kuvela phakathi-Juni. Kwiimeko ezinqabe kakhulu, i Blackbirds angenza bamba yesibini. Amantshontsho isiphumo yesibini ziyaphuma ngoJulayi okanye ekuqaleni Agasti.

Ezi iintaka zixhaphakile yonke indawo yaseYurophu eRashiya. Iindlwane zifumaneka eCaucasus, kummandla Kaliningrad. Amaxesha amaninzi emva yokwakha ihlale apho ebusika. Umda womntla yokuxhaphaka yayo ijikeleza Urals iyipasise Lower Kama na Phakathi iVolga kummandla Gulf of Finland. Inani elikhulu iintaka afumaneka kummandla Ukraine, kwimimandla kwihlathi Kazakhstan, kwi eCrimea. Sibaphatha ngendlela eqhelekileyo Asia Minor.

Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuba ezi ntaka akukho lula ukubona ehlathini. Blackbirds kakhulu ABANTU Qaphela kufutshane musa ukuvuma. Ngelo xesha linye abasakwazi zala maxesha kwaye unike indawo callsigns yakho ezahlukeneyo.

Phezu komhlaba, le ntaka kubalulekile, egobile encinane, imilenze waza waphakamisa nomsila nemizimba. In search inyama yena etsiba engceni okanye moss, yokuvele equbuda, vzdergivaya nomsila amaxesha ngamaxesha. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba umsila twitching - inkalo uphawu lonke thrush.

Iphila ikakhulu ekuseni nangokuhlwa. Ngeli xesha, zibe ninzi ingca nemibungu nomhlaba, iinkumba kunye nezinambuzane zasebusuku. Maxa wambi bagqobhozela anthills ndaxhwitha pupae - "amaqanda imbovane". Njengamanye amalungu iintlobo, Blackbirds ngasekupheleni kwehlobo nasekuqaleni kokwindla aqalile ukutya amaqunube - hawthorn, umdala, privet, uthuthu kunye nabanye. Xa amabhoma , zidla phezu namaqunube, cherries, iidiliya. Nangona kunjalo, umonakalo zinokubangela, kuya kuba ngaphantsi kakhulu iingenelo, kuhleliyo imisebenzi yabo ehlotyeni.

ukuchitheka Mass besizukulwana abadala iqala ngoJulayi. iintaka eliyinkunzi emibalabala (obhinqileyo) kwakhona kwaze kwenzeka kuSeptemba. Blackbirds, ngokuchaseneyo emibalabala, ngaphantsi "uluntu", okanye ukuwa okanye ngexesha ukuhamba, kodwa musa ezingeyo amaqela okanye nemihlambi amakhulu.