"Azithromycin" abantwana: umyalelo manual, ncomo

Kwimeko zizifo nzima ukuba ayinakuluphatha antibiotics ezisekelwe penicillin, amagqirha ukumisela "azithromycin". Ngokuba abantwana (imiyalelo zokusetyenziswa libhekisa kuwo) ichiza kunempembelelo onamandla kunene, kwezinye iimeko, linokuluphazamisa angekayazi eyona ngokupheleleyo ephilayo, ngoko ukuthatha kuyimfuneko ngeedosi ezincinane.

ifomu Release komsindo

Ukusekwa ibandakanya into esebenzayo kunye excipients abancedisayo azithromycin yi ezikunika amacwecwe ifomu yemveli. Siyabulela kuye ezi izinto sebenzi iziyobisi ngcono.

Ngenxa olwa spectrum ezibanzi usebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo yokukhululwa beziyobisi ezisetyenziswa Pharmacology mihla:

• njengezingxobo awu nzima nomzimba isiciko oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ngaphakathi apho umhlophe okanye lipholi ngumgubo esimthubi (okanye ubunzima ubunjwe). Xa ucofa i ikhefu. Le njengezingxobo iqulethwe ukongeza isithako esebenzayo, microcrystalline kwincindi, sodium lauryl sulfate kunye wemagniziyam stearate.
• "Azithromycin" (125) imiyalelo ukusetyenziswa abantwana uchaza njengoko amacwecwe bhanya kugalelwe ngemisonto, imilo setyhula, biconcave. Kwelinye icala ukuba abe nokukrola "PLIVA", kwelinye - "125". Ukuba uyasaphula, ungabona ukuba Ekuveleni iipilisi ezimhlophe. Luquka ezi okunye zilandelayo: calcium anhydrous hydrogen phosphate, hypromellose, umbona starch, microcrystalline kwincindi, starch pregelatinized, sodium lauryl sulfate nezinki stearate.
• Drug "Azithromycin" abantwana ukufundiswa isicelo icebisa ukuba uhlobo ukunqunyanyiswa, ngoko ezikhemisti bakwazi ukuthenga ngumgubo ngokukhethekileyo lokulungiselela yako cherry okanye banana ivumba.

Ixabiso le-ukunyuka zintsholongwane kuxhomekeke ngomxholo into esebenzayo.

iimpawu kwemithi

"Azithromycin" libhekisela nemithi ngokubanzi-omoya. Xa kungomlinganiselo eziphakamileyo ugqaliselo ukudumba kwenzeka ukufa ezincinane.

Uninzi novelwano ichiza gram-HIV cocci: iStreptococcus pneumoniae, iStreptococcus Amaqela CF kunye G, Staphylococcus aureus, eSt NeArcanobacterium, eSt Viridans, eSt agalactiae; Gram-HIV iintsholongwane: Moraxella catarrhalis, H. Ducrei, Haemophilus influenzae influenzae, Legionella pneumophila, Bordetella pertussis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, B. Parapertussis, Gardnerella vaginalis kunye Campylobacter jejuni; eziphilayo anaerobic: chlamydia trachomatis, Bacteroides bivius, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Peptostreptococcus spp, perfringens zeClostridium, Borrelia burgdoferi, Treponema pallidum, kunye Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Gram-HIV iintsholongwane ukumelana erythromycin, i-zintsholongwane is kuguquka ifomu opholileyo.

Pharmacokinetics

"Azithromycin" abantwana (imiyalelo ukusetyenziswa libhekisa kuwo) ako ngokukhawuleza ukusuka iphecana zesisu ngenxa yokumelana medium esidi lipophilicity. Ngokukhawuleza kulo lonke umzimba. Lula utyhutyha kuphela kwisiqwenga yokuphefumla, kwizihlunu ezithambileyo kunye ulusu, kodwa ke amalungu iphecana enzala. Ngenxa yoko, nomphetho aphantsi azithromycin kunye serum iiprothini, ukukwazi umthondo kwizisele eukaryotic kunye zoxinaniso medium with pH ephantsi, lysosomes zokusingqongileyo ukwanda ubude isiqingatha ubomi ingqalelo zomzimba.

Konke oku kugqiba umthamo ephezulu distribution (iilitha 31.1 kg ngalinye) kunye yokususwa eliphezulu plasma. Ngenxa yokuchithwa iintsholongwane intracellular ebalulekileyo kukukwazi "Azithromycin" yande ngqo kwi lysosomes.

Ngenxa ziiphagocytes kweziyobisi ufumana kwisiza losulelo, apho wakhulula kule nkqubo phagocytosis. Emva kweeyure 12-72 yokungenisa ugqaliselo ukudumba kuyafikelelwa yi xi eliphezulu ichiza, leyo iphezulu kakhulu kunaleyo xi ubuncinane inhibitory kuba usulelo kwamagciwane.

Njengoko nesiqingatha-ubomi, inkqubo elide sele sitshilo, ngoko, umzekelo, kufuna iiyure 60 ukuya 76 ukuya ukususa ukusuka amalaphu. xi Bactericidal beziyobisi igcinwe kwiziza ze ukudumba iintsuku 5-7 emva kwedosi yokugqibela, ngoko kusenokwenzeka ukuba usebenzise zintsholongwane enye ngemini, ikhondo unyango ayikho ngaphezu kweveki.

Ibonisa "Azithromycin" ikakhulu duct, yaye inxalenye encinane kuphela - xa uchama.

Ezibonisa yokwamkelwa

imiyalelo "Azithromycin" zokusetyenziswa abantwana bayakhuthazwa ukuba bonyule kuzo izifo ezosulelayo kunye ukudumba, ezo zibangelwa iintsholongwane bangenwe azithromycin. izifo ezifana ziquka: inyumoniya, iphika, sinusitis, pharyngitis, kwizihlunu ezithambileyo kunye nosulelo lwesikhumba, tonsils, otitis eendaba, isifo Lyme kunye urethritis. Kuba bezifo inyumoniya eko bakholisa ukumisela kwangoko nemithi, nokuba ngaphandle iziphumo zeemviwo X-ray. Unyango lwesi sifo kufuneka luqale ngexesha elungileyo, kungenjalo uya kujamelana neziphumo kakhulu shwa. I-zintsholongwane kwimeko enjalo ikhethiwe kuthathelwa ingqalelo zonke iimpawu, lo pathogen izityholo kunye nomfanekiso zonyango ngokubanzi. Ekumiseleni elibangela usulelo, ubudala umntwana kuthathelwa ingqalelo. Ukuba pneumonia kurhanelwa emntwaneni kweminyaka iinyanga-1 ukuya ku-6, ngoko. mhlawumbi, i-arhente - of Staphylococcus aureus, ukususela kunyaka omnye ukuya kwiminyaka emithandathu - iStreptococcus pneumoniae. Kunye zombini iindidi iintsholongwane kakuhle alwe "Azithromycin".

umthamo

Irejimeni yonyango iya kuxhomekeka sifo, kodwa idosi lilonke kufanele ukuba zigcinwe. Ugqirha unakho ukumisela ichiza "Azithromycin 'abantwana. Imiyalelo yokusebenzisa uvumela iipilisi ukuba kuphela abadala ekubeni ziqulathe mg 250 ukuya 500 wenkqu esebenzayo, kwaye ke le mali ibalwa ubunzima kunokuba enkulu. Inyaniso yokuba iipilisi kufuneka kuginywa liphela, akaqhotyoshelwanga kucetyiswa ukuba kuzityumza okanye usile yoko singakwazi ukugcina idosi abawacebisayo ngexesha elinye-ukusetyenziswa (10 mg / kg). Kungenxa yesi sizathu ukuba abantwana abafikisayo njengoko arhente antibacterial lusekelwe "Azithromycin" (125). Imiyalelo zokusetyenziswa yabantwana tablet uyakuthintela kuthatha ukuya kwiminyaka-12, ukuba indawo ethile isiraphu okanye ukumiswa.

Kuba unyango lwezifo zosulele ukudumba ngokuma, otitis, inyumoniya amisiweyo elinye ichiza idosi (10 mg / kg). Drug "Azithromycin" (125) imiyalelo ukusetyenziswa kwabantwana emacwecweni lithethelela ukuba kuphela emva kokuba kweminyaka eli-14 ubudala. Unyango Abantwana lwenziwa kuphela usebenzisa oluludaka.

Kufuneka kuchazwe ukuba ngo-5 iigrem isiraphu "Sumamed" (itispuni) kunye nezinye nokusungulwa analogs kwakhona eziqulathwe 125 mg wenkqu esebenzayo. Ngako oko, ithamo eqhelekileyo kubantwana abadala 1-2 amacephe, kuxhomekeke ubunzima. Ngexesha ntsuku zine zilandelayo unyango luyaqhubeka, kodwa idosi enye liye lancitshiswa 5 mg / kg. Kwimeko ithamo kakhulu isigulo liphindwe unakho, kodwa kwimeko enjalo, ukusetyenziswa zintsholongwane Kuvumeleke kuphela phantsi kweliso yincutshe. Ukulungiselela "Azithromycin" (125) imiyalelo ukusetyenziswa abantwana lungasetyenziswa kuphela xa efumene kanye okanye kabini kwi umthamo 30 mg / ubunzima bomzimba kg.

Izimo

Drug "Azithromycin" ngenxa manual abantwana imiyalelo uyakuthintela Umlinganiseli kilograms ngaphantsi kwesihlanu. Ukongeza, ukuba contraindicated kwizigulane kunye hypersensitivity ukuya amacandelo eziqulathwe ekwakhiweni kuyo nayiphi na enye antibiotics macrolide. Le ichiza kuyo nayiphi na imeko kufuneka asetyenziswe isibindi kakhulu yaye ukusilela kwezintso.

Libanda ne side effects

Kwabo omama abasebenzisa iziyobisi "Azithromycin" abantwana, imiyalelo zokusetyenziswa (testimonials nomonde malunga nokusebenzisa imithi thaca kule material) sibonelela ngoluhlu yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ngomhla inxalenye yenkqubo negazi ukuyilwa emithanjeni basenokuba trombotsipenii.

Izigulane ndlongondlongo ibonakale, ukungahlaliseki, uvalo nexhala. Ukususela luvo nesiyezi, unditsho, intloko ebuhlungu, somnolence, yaye waphela. Kwiimeko ezinqabe kakhulu, ichiza ebangela nakulala, ukudinwa, paresthesias, umbono nayo yaphazamiseka ziziqhumiso kunye nemvakalo.

Akuvamile macrolides (iqela iziyobisi, ngenxa ngesakhiwo eekhemikhali apho ezivelileyo ring macrocyclic 14 okanye-membered 16 lactone kunye iintsalela carbohydrate esiqhotyoshelweyo), kwaye elingelinye "azithromycin" kungakhokelela kuzwa. Ayifane yenzeke, kodwa kukho iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga lomlinganiswa dyspeptic kunye abasabela zibonakale komzimba.

"Azithromycin" umyalelo kwi isicelo ivumela abantwana ukusebenzisa, kodwa abantwana iziyobisi zikwazi ukuthathwa kuphela ngokohlobo ukunqunyanyiswa. Kuba kids abadala ukulingana kunye nefomu philisi lwe olwa nawo. Phambi ngokusebenzisa amayeza, kufuneka ufumane imvume esuka kugqirha uze ufunde imiyalelo iphakheji faka ngenyameko.

Malunga libanda, kunokubonisa urhudo, ukulahlekelwa okwethutyana, isicaphucaphu nokugabha. Kwimeko yokudlula ngokwemithamo acetyiswayo kufuneka ngoko nangoko bangazigaleli isisu, badlule nonyango nomqondiso.

oyi

Ukusetyenziswa "Azithromycin" ngexesha lokukhulelwa ayinqweneleki kakhulu, kodwa eyamkelekileyo ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuba bayisebenzise ukunceda lo mfazi (ifuthe kweziyobisi kuphuhliso ezingekazalwa kwi-100% khange kufundwe). Ixesha lokwaphusa xa kusetyenziswa ngexesha lonyango zintsholongwane ukuba ziphazamise nokuncancisa.

Abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka 12 kungcono ukukhetha analog "Azithromycin".

Ukusela utywala aluchaphazeli inyathelo beziyobisi, kunjalo ukusetyenziswa kwaso okudityanisiweyo okuyinzala nasiphi na izifo. Ngoko ke, umlinganiselo utywala obuselwe Kucetyiswa ukunciphisa le eliphezulu, yaye ngakumbi ukuba ningayekeleli kunyango ngokupheleleyo.

imithi

Emva kokufumana i "Azithromycin" kunye asidi eziqulethe calcium, magnesium aluminiyamu, azikhuli kukufakwa olwa nawo, ke ngoko, kuyimfuneko ukuba bagcine lokuphumla iiyure-2 phakathi amathamo kula machiza.

Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kweli chiza kwezinye nemithi macrolide - akukho nonxibelelwano kunye nenkqubo cytochrome. Ngoko ke, xa kuthathelwa with "theophylline", "carbamazepine", "digoxin", "terfenadine" yaye "triazolam" akukhange kubekho intsebenziswano apho.

Ukuba ichiza kusetyenziswa with "warfarin", kuyimfuneko ukuba iliso ixesha prothrombin.

Lincosamides ukunciphisa ukusebenza olwa kunye chloramphenicol kunye tetracycline zanda.

Iimeko namagama

Olwa nawo kufuneka zigcinwe zikhuselekile kubantwana kubushushu ukuya degrees 25. Kwi ithuba lokugcinwa kobungqina ifumaneke ichiza "Azithromycin" (abantwana), uqeqesho manual. Ukumiswa walungisa kunokugcinwa ithuba elingekho ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezingama-5, umgubo ngokwawo - kweminyaka emi-2, yaye amacwecwe kunye njengezingxobo - ukuya kwiminyaka emi-3.

Analogs kunye nemibono ezigulane

Abo basebenzisa "Azithromycin" abantwana (imiyalelo kakuhle njengezingxobo akukhuthazwa ukuba abantwana), washiya ncomo becala HIV. Emva kwedosi yokuqala zintsholongwane yophuculo omkhulu ekwanti, inkqubela phambili.

Ngu analogue beziyobisi ziquka "Azitsin", "Zomax," "Sumamed", "Azitral", "Azaks", "Zitroks" kunye nabanye.