Antiglobalism - a ... Antiglobalism: inkcazelo, imbali lwentshukumo

Anti-jikelele - intshukumo loluntu evelayo ekupheleni kwenkulungwane xxi kwaye sibhekiswe zeniyo-silinene jikelele, esekelwe kwiimfuno zokupasa kweemarike simahla kunye norhwebo mahala.

Yintoni jikelele?

A eyodwa ephakanyiswe mbono kumpompoza Giddens, Castells kunye Harvey, yimbono yokuba ubugcisa bale mihla, ezifana iikhompyutha, ukukhawulezisa uphuhliso yonxulumano loluntu uzenze dyondzisaka. Imbali yoluntu mihla - libali wobumbano yaye ukukhawulezisa zobugcisa zothutho (data, eyinkunzi, iimpahla, abantu) owenza ihlabathi indawo encinci. Technology, imigama ukunciphisa ngakumbi ngobuchule ukulamla nobudlelwane kwezentlalo. Inkqubela iye yakhokelela kuqhawulo wayo ukusuka carrier ulwazi, kuba umlinganiselo walo zityalwe, wakhula ngokukhawuleza ngesantya nentshukumo imizimba. Izithuthi kunye nonxibelelwano (zikaloliwe, kusungulwe, unomathotholo, imoto, umabonwakude, eyama, unxibelelwano lwedijithali kunye network computer nobuchwepheshe) ukunyuka kweqondo eyinkunzi impahla, ukutya kunye nolwazi. Umhlaba ube uthungelwano lonxibelelwano lwehlabathi, Luchaphazela zonke iinkalo zoluntu. Ulwazi namhlanje sinxulumana kwindawo ethile: mayingabi kuphela indawo, yaye loo nto ixhomekeke imigama. Tech High ukukhuthaza delocalization zonxibelelwano ngokwemigaqo imigama kunye temporal lwendawo.

Yeyona kwayeyona ndlela jikelele neoliberal. Ngokutsho abagxeki, oko ijolise ekudaleni isiseko kuqoqosho oluya kwenza ukuba ukuphucula iingeniso ngokunciphisa iindleko zotyalo-mali, kunciphise ntle kunye entsha exabisekileyo ntshumayelo. Nokufika zeniyo-liberalism kuluntu liya kulawulwa yi-logic kwezoqoqosho --logic iimpahla kunye nokwanda kwemali eyinkunzi zemali.

Against jikelele bakhonza okulungileyo ntliziyo ekhohlo-iphiko.

Ekunene anti-jikelele: kubangelwa kunye kubonakaliswa

Amaqela kude ekunene ezifana British National Party, National Democratic Party of iJamani, i-National Front eFransi kunye Freedom Party of Austria, bona jikelele njengento esisisongelo kuqoqosho lwengingqi kunye nobuwena yesizwe. Bathi ukuba ilizwe ngalinye kufuneka ukulawula uqoqosho kunye nemfuduko kufuneka ngokungqongqo kuphela ukuqinisekisa ubuzwe, nto leyo imele i kusisisongelo inkqubo yelizwe jikelele. Antiglobalism umthetho ijolise ekulweni ideology ekhuthazwayo Zionism, Marxism kunye liberalism. Xa ukuqonda kwabo, nelizwe kuboniswa iyelenqe lonke nxamnye ubuzwe inkcubeko yaseNtshona okanye umntu omhlophe.

iingxoxo abanjalo badla izandi ezincinane elinobuhlanga, anti-isiJuda. Kuba ekunene-iphiko neo-melo kwihlabathi ayikho ziziphumo logic noshowo capitalism, kodwa kunoko ngenxa isicwangciso kwezopolitiko conspiratorial of Israyeli ezinamandla. asingabo abo babebambelele wakhetha ngamanye globalism kunye anti-globalism kubo njengendlela yokusombulula iingxaki ezibangelwa uhlobo hlobo jikelele, ubuzwe kunye particularism inikeza.

aniglobalizm ekhohlo

Kuninzi kakhulu kwinani abagayi ingqalelo karhulumente ekhohlo anti-globalism. Wafikelela ingqalelo uqhankqalazo zoluntu ngexesha kwiintlanganiso World Trade Organisation (WTO) eSeattle ngoNovemba-Disemba 1999, i-International Monetary Fund (IMF) kunye neBhanki yeHlabathi e Washington ngo-Epreli 2000 yaye ePrague ngoSeptemba 2000, lithi " big ezisibhozo "e Genoa ngoJulayi 2001, kwakunye ngenxa yonyaka World forum lwezentlalo Porto Alegre, ibanjwa ngokuchasene ukuya kwiintlanganiso ze-World forum kwezoqoqosho. Ubangelwa anti-jikelele ekhohlo-iphiko, ngokutsho ngcinga intshukumo, ongcambu zawo zisekelwe logic zongxowankulu oxhasa jikelele - oko kukhokelela kubudlelwane bamandla azilingani zombini ngaphakathi kwilizwe kunye nehlabathi jikelele kwaye iba yorhwebo iinkalo ezahlukeneyo zobomi, kuquka impilo, imfundo kunye nenkcubeko.

jikelele Alternative

Anti-globalism - igama yenza impazamo, kuba intshukumo ayikho nje ukuzithethelela kwaye lovukelo, kodwa kunokuba omela idemokhrasi lwehlabathi kunye nobulungisa. Ngoko ke, kungcono ukuba bachaze izinto ezifana intshukumo ye enye okanye jikelele lwentando yesininzi.

World Wide Web

Abekwa Uqhankqalazo oyinto lunqgukuva ngokwendalo kwaye eyaba, uhlobo networked yentlangano, izenze kubulelwe Internet. Ngoncedo noqhankqalazo eququzelelweyo online kunye nehlabathi jikelele, ukuxoxa qhinga zokulwa, wazigquma iziganeko zezopolitiko uqhankqalazo lwakutshanje. Ngokuba lo intshukumo, ebonakala iqondo eliphezulu ukungafihli, ukufikeleleka kunye globality, luphawulwa iintlobo online loqhankqalazo na ukuba kuthiwe okanye kiberprotestom kiberaktivizmom, uluhlu lokuposa, iiforam web, encoko, ezinye zosasazo kunye neeprojekthi eendaba, afana Indymedia.

ngokubambisana namanye zokusebenzisana

Antiglobalism (kunye alterglobalizm) luphawulwa ezininzi kunye, ukusa kumkhamo othile, ziyaphikisana. Amaqela zibandakanya nemibutho yemveli kunye ezimeleyo, amaqela obugcisa, abalimi abangenamihlaba, abantu bomthonyama, wobusoshiyali, amaKomanisi, anarchists, Trotskyites, iququzelela esingqongileyo, inyathelo nolwabhalo "World Okwesithathu", abavikeli amalungelo oluntu, abafundi, amakholwa, amaqela zemveli ekhohlo-iphiko, sigxeke nongqondongqondo evela ehlabathini lonke. Anti-globalism - uthungelwano lwehlabathi zothungelwano, ukuhamba kwiintshukumo zentlalo lonke loqhankqalazo intshukumo kunye namanye womanyano. Ijolise ukubuyisela uluntu kweempahla kunye neenkonzo, eyabelwe ngakumbi ngezivumelwano ezifana Agreement Jikelele zoRhwebo Iinkonzo (GATS) kunye nesivumelwano TRIPS (-TRIPS).

inethiwekhi unlimited

Maykl wurdt and Toni negri ziye wasebenzisa igama elithi "iseti" ukuchaza intshukumo anti-jikelele njengoko ingqokelela abantu abasebenza njengomgunyaziswa enye amagunya, amandla icandelo ingxoxo polyphonic odityanisiweyo yedemokhrasi zwe elilawulwa eyayisuka ngezantsi, intlalo evulelekileyo kunye nolawulo ngqo yedemokhrasi zonke kubo bonke. Cwangcisa, ngokutsho zobulumko abangabaxhasi bakaMarx, ubanzi evulekileyo, womnatha mda okukhuthaza umsebenzi kunye ubomi kunye.

Umanyano kwiYantlukwanoy

Ngenxa isakhiwo kunye neyantlukwano ukuhanjiswa non-iimbono zazo, kwaye amagunya. Ukuba akakwazi ukulawula bakhokele. Ubunye iseti kwenzeka kugaya iyonke nxamnye exacerbation neoliberal iingxaki zehlabathi. imiba nenkxalabo amaqela ahlukeneyo zinxulunyaniswa yi yokuba izinto zabo jikelele Ongxowankulu anti-jikelele lwentshukumo, iinjongo zayo nemikhuba fani. Kukho umahluko omkhulu phakathi amatshantliziyo loHlaziyo kunye olululo, phakathi iindlela ungasebenzisi zigalo-silwe loqhankqalazo. Omnye umahluko siphathelele ezo amaqela ukuxhasa ngenxa yokomelezwa kolawulo longxowankulu kwinqanaba lengingqi, yaye abo bafuna ukuseka ulongamo kazwelonke endaweni yedemokhrasi yehlabathi.

Njengokuba amandla ehlangeneyo kwezopolitiko, nto leyo equka iseti kwiindawo oqhagamshelwano phakathi non-efanayo, intshukumo ngokuqhelekileyo uthathwa ukusukela idemokhrasi lwehlabathi, ubulungisa kunye ekufezekisweni kwamalungelo oluntu. Izama ukutsalela ingqalelo uluntu ukuba yokunqongophala lwentando kwimibutho amazwe ukufaka uxinzelelo phezu inkxaso ngokwentando yesininzi amaziko lubalaseleyo.

"Empire"

Anti-globalism - into evele, amagunya, uthungelwano, intshukumo baziqokeleleyo ngokusekelwe kwinginginya yedemokhrasi. iinkcuba yayo ukubona le fomu lombutho njengembonakaliso yeenguqu iimpawu beendawo ezingqonge uluntu apho liya ajike abe bhetyebhetye, amagunya, bezizwe ngezizwe, inkqubo lenethiwekhi. jikelele yobungxowankulu, bona bakholwa umzuzwana, iye yaphumela ekusekweni kwe kwenkqubo yehlabathi kobunganga, nto leyo uzimisele ngokungqongqo kumdla kwezoqoqosho. Wurdt and negri bathi oku amagunya womnatha bhetyebhetye ehlabathini inkqubo yobungxowankulu "ubukhosi." Rule nkulu i inkqubo lwehlabathi. Oku kusekelwe intlekele ekuyo i-kulongamo isizwe ithi, le lulwa kweemarike zamazwe ngamazwe kunye nongenelelo imikhosi zamapolisa ehlabathini, kwakunye nokuhanjiswa lwamgama, ukuthamba kunye nohlobo-networked kwenkunzi kunye nemveliso.

basekuhlaleni self-umbutho

Ukuvela ubukhosi amagunya jikelele, ngokutsho wurdt kunye negri, kuthintela amagunya intshukumo loqhankqalazo jikelele, efuna inxaxheba jikelele kunye nentsebenziswano, kunye jikelele ngakumbi enedemokhrasi, enobulungisa nezinzileyo. Ecwangciswe ngayo kumgaqo network self-ekuhleleni. Kuba baninzi abantu abalwela anti-jikelele kunye obubonakala phambili ukuvela uhlobo oluthile kuluntu elizayo njengento idemokhrasi ezimanyanisayo inxaxheba. Movement uchaza umnqweno wayo ukuba uluntu apho ngamandla akuthethi ukujonga ukuziphatha kwabantu bakaThixo. Ngokucacisa kwaye bahlele. Movement sibhekiswe jikelele ukusuka ngentla ngokuthi kwakhiwe iifom self-ahlelwe ngezantsi.

Attac

Mhlawumbi iqela edume elilwa-jikelele - Attac (Umbutho Taxation imicimbi yemali kunye pfunaka abemi), nto leyo olukhoyo kumazwe angaphezu kwama-30. Umbutho ukholelwa ukuba jikelele zemali kudala iimeko ngaphantsi ekhuselekileyo ngaphantsi ngokulinganayo abantu, akhusela imidla bemibutho zehlabathi nakwiimarike zemali. Imfuno ephambili ATTAC ke kwenziwe irhafu Tobin, werhafu kwemicimbi imali yelinye ilizwe. Umbutho othi ukumela amashumi amawaka amalungu kumazwe angama-40.