Amandla thermal

Energy - ukukwazi komzimba ukwenza umsebenzi. Bekela bucala ezilandelayo Iintlobo yayo: zombane, oomatshini, omxhuzulane, enyukliya, imichiza, umoya, thermal kunye nezinye.

Okokuqala - amandla electron lihambe wesekethe. Lidla isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa koomatshini usebenzisa Iimoto zombane.

Okwesibini eyaboniswa siphakamiso, impefumlelwano amasuntswana imizimba ngamnye. Yeyona amandla ka deformation ngekulula, ayeguqa, izibhija kunye ucinezelo lwemizimba elastic.

amandla ekhemikhali kubangelwa reactions kwemichiza phakathi izinto. Isenokuba bodwa ngohlobo ubushushu (umz, ngenxa yomlilo), baza basenza ombane (in neebhetri kunye neeseli electrochemical).

Kagesi eyaboniswa intshukumo yamasimi Imagnethi yomhlaba kunye zombane ngohlobo infrared kunye X-reyi, amaza erediyo, njl izinto radioactive Nuclear aqulathwe kwaye ikhutshwa ngenxa ngokucandeka esindayo okanye ukukhanya nuclei yokuqaphela. Gravity - amandla, apho kungenxa ubunzulu izinto ezinkulu (amandla omxhuzulane).

amandla emhlabeni kuvela ngenxa isindululo umbhodamo ezi molekyuli, athom, kunye nezinye ngamasuntswana. Kokuba akhululwe ngenxa yesenzo ngoomatshini (zochuku), iikhemikhali reaction (yomlilo) okanye nuclear (ngokucandeka nuclear). Kwiimeko ezininzi, amandla thermal uvela ukutshiswa kwezimbiwa. Isetyenziswa ukufudumeza, ngomphunga, ukufudumeza, kunye nezinye iinkqubo.

Thermal energy - luhlobo oluthile lwamandla evela intlokoma mechanical eziqalelo noshowo into. A parameter uvumela ukufumanisa amathuba ukuyisebenzisa njengomthombo wamandla yinto lamandla. Oko luboniswe kilowatts (thermal) -h okanye ziijowule.

imithombo yamandla thermal yahlulwe:

• zaseprayimari. lamandla ngenxa zizinto zendalo ilifa iinkqubo. imithombo efana ziquka iilwandle, iilwandle, ezinokuvutha eziphili et al. kukho imithombo Primary yohlulwe pholisa nezihlaziyekayo and non. I yangaphambili ziquka amanzi thermal kunye nezinto ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe ukuvelisa amandla Fusion, njl Iqela lesibini zibandakanya izixhobo elanga, amandla ngumoya namanzi. Ukanti abanye ziquka igesi, neoli, umgquba, ngamalahle, njalo-njalo.;
• zamabanga aphakamileyo. Le into, amandla okukwazi elandelwayo exhomekeke umsebenzi zabantu. Umzekelo, oku ukukhutshwa moya eshushu, inkunkuma kamasipala, coolants engoshishino eshushu zeemoto (umphunga, amanzi, irhasi), njl

amandla emhlabeni ngoku yakho usebenzisa amafutha eziphili zamandulo ezaba lilitye. Eyona mithombo iphambili le ekrwada oyile, amalahle, igesi yendalo. Oko kusenziwa ngokudlela indlala kwemithombo yendalo ezibonelelwa 90% yokusebenzisa iyonke eneji. Noko ke, suku ngalunye ngakumbi nangakumbi nokwandisa ukusetyenziswa zamandla enyukliya.

Ehlaziyekayo asetyenziswe nzima. Oku kwakungenxa yobumbaxa yabo kwezobugcisa yenguqu ibe amandla thermal kunye oluphantsi amandla ezinye zazo.

amandla emhlabeni sisiphumo impefumlelwano photons kunye elektroni bangaphandle infrared. Zakutshanje ukufunxa ziluhlaza kwaye bafudukela orbit ezikude ukusuka ngumongo. Ngenxa yoko, umthamo we-ukunyuka kweziyobisi. Ngokusebenzisa ziluhlaza infrared sithumele ieneji obushushu. Xa ziluhlaza ingakumbi phakathi kwezigaba zomoya kunye athom Jump esuka xi ephakamileyo yenethiwekhi ubushushu band kwezo ndawo apho uvikivwa.

Amandla thermal ingavezwa ifomula: ΔQ = cmΔT. C - na umbandela ubushushu ethile, m ubunzima umzimba, kwaye ΔT na umahluko lobushushu.