Alehin Aleksandr Aleksandrovich: iqela, photo, biography

Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Alehin - Njengomhlaziyi zoncwadi kwinkalo wechess, yesine kwimbali chess ntshatsheli, Doctor of Law and umntu emangalisayo kunye ukufa kabuhlungu eliqaqambileyo. Life of Alexander Alexandrovich kwakungelula kunjalo, yazala ezahlukeneyo iziganeko ezahlukeneyo. Wasinda imfazwe, ubunzima ukwenzakala ngaphezu kwesinye, wahlala entolongweni ebomini obungasifanelanga, basinda lokudubula watshintsha kakhulu kumazwe.

Emva kweminyaka eliqela emva kokufa kwakhe, ukumkani sesine ichess enye abahlaseli zodidi oluphezulu nanto. Party ibambelele kubo ubuchule odumileyo entsonkothileyo combinational. Ngokwemiqathango chess izikolo zemveli, Alehin uAleksandr Aleksandrovich wayengumlandeli uMikhail Chigorin kunye uchasaniso okukhulu kwetrone yakhe yangaphambili umdlalo Hose Kapablanki. Njengoko akunakwenzeka A.A.Alehina indawo ecace isimbo ebaleni oko kuboniswa amazwi ukuba ukulungele ukudibanisa qhinga kunye amaqhinga kunye nesikhundla zidityaniswe, yaye fiction nenzululwazi, ukuzama ngaxeshanye ukwanelisa iimfuno ngesikhundla nganye idweliswe.

Aleksandr Alehin chess. Biography nguGrandmaster ukususela ekuzalweni ukuya ekuvuthweni

Ngo-Oktobha 1892 usapho inkokeli amanene Alexander Ivanovich Alekhine neentombi a textile Anisi Prohorovoy wazala unyana, ogama emva kokuba uyise wakhe. Ngowe-1901 Alekhine Jr. waba umfundi yokujima lakudala ogama L.I.Polivanova eMoscow. kokugqiba ngempumelelo abanamakhono Sasha yakhe ngo-1910 lipasisa iimviwo nomnyango College of Law e St. Petersburg, apho emva kokuphumelela uba umnini kwesihloko umcebisi umthetheli titular.

Iimpumelelo lokuqala endle chess

Itshesi Alehin Aleksandr Aleksandrovich waba nomdla eneminyaka esixhenxe, akayi kuphela wadlala kwinqanaba engahlawulwayo nabantu kweli khaya, kodwa wathatha inxalenye yentlaninge kwiitumente yobungcali kwi mbalelwano. engama 16 yabalasela uloyiso inkwenkwe umnyhadala kazwelonke kwinkumbulo of uMikhail Chigorin. Kwiminyaka emihlanu kamva, ngowe-1914, Alekhine wathabatha indawo yesithathu Tournament Champions, leyo nangoko iyiguqule kulo umgqatswa siphambili isihloko ntshatsheli.

Aleksandr Alehin (biography). ixesha Military kaThixo, zocindezelo

Le mpi Aleksandru Aleksandrovichu inxeba mnye, eSt Sviatoslav ninamakrele Order of St. George, kunye iimbasa ezimbini.

Buhlungu ichess yaba kunyaka 1919. Ebudeni tour Ukraine Alekhine wabanjwa wagwetywa ngenxa uxhulumaniso izityholo kunye Whites ukubulawa ngokudutyulwa. Kubulawa kunye nokuvalelwa entolongweni ixesha wakwazi ukubaleka kuphela kwisikhalazo H.G.Rakovskogo, ngelo xesha wayengusihlalo we CPC of Ukraine. In efanayo iqhawe elizayo 1919 ngempumelelo iimviwo emnyango cinematography studio State, kodwa akazange ukugqiba izifundo zam apho, ngo-1920 waba umqeshwa Moscow Criminal Investigation Department, kwaye ukuwa ezithathwa-kwakhona kwi itoliki Comintern. Inkqubela endle lwekhondo kunye nemfundo Alehin uAleksandr Aleksandrovich idibanisa ngempumelelo ikuba, yaye kungekudala waphumelela yesihloko wechess Soviet Russia. Ingqalelo abafazi umdlali chess kwakhona ukuba kuhluthwa mpi lakhe lobuqu. Ngowe-1921 Alekhine utshata esebenzayo Swiss Democrat Anne-Lise Ryuegg, kwaye nangona umtshato zange kube kudala, kuba yeyona ndlela ilungileyo ukukhuthaza utshintsho okumiselwe Alekhine. 1921 - unyaka xa A.A.Alehin bathutha eRashiya.

ixesha phesheya. Amarekhodi yanqoba

Kuba ixesha elifutshane ukususela ngowe-1921 ukuya 1927 ixesha Alekhine Alexander Alexandrovich ukuba ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiitumente 22, 14 zazo lobungangamsha kuye. Eyona ephawulekayo uloyiso alandelayo eli xesha: 1922 - Hastings Tournament 1925 - Baden-Baden, 1927 - Kechkemetsky.

Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Alehin, intshatsheli undefeated Russian, yaba Njengomhlaziyi olukhulu. Yaba nguye owaba ngunozala le chess ekuqaleni 1 (E4 kf6), nto leyo eya kamva kubizwa edume "Defense Alekhine kaThixo".

ziye 1925 iminyaka ukuba umdlali chess uwina maxa wambi basebumnyameni ezahlukeneyo imidlalo ngaxeshanye - 1924. Ngowe-1924, uAleksandr Alehin (chess) wabetha New York, amaqela 26 kuphela zaye zabanjwa, 16 apho wabuya noloyiso, no-5 yaphelela draw kuye. Ngowe-1925, GM waphumelela italente yabo Paris: iiseshoni-27 zaye zabanjwa, 22 kubo ibhaso, yaye 3 amtsale.

Ukongeza bevuyelela ukuqina e Paris, 1925 yabalasela Alexander Alexandrovich ekufumaneni Sorbonne degree of Doctor yoMthetho.

Obunje Aleksandra Alehina Hose Kapablankoy

Eyona ntshatsheli ingundoqo A.A.Alehin yaqala ngo-1927, xa waphumelela e Buenos Aires uloyiso phezu nokuqeqeshwa Hose Kapablankoy.

imidlalo 34 kuphela wadlala, kuquka Alehin uAleksandr Aleksandrovich (amaqela kunye layout yabo saa kulo lonke ihlabathi) ukuya 25 won, no-5 kubo yaphelela draw. Ngowe-1931, loo mdlali chess, ukufumana umxholo ophumeleleyo eYugoslavia kule tumente ngamazwe, beka irekhodi epheleleyo lonke ixesha zempilo wechess.

Ukuganga-winner

Kukho iimeko ezininzi apho iqela Aleksandra Alehina wabangela livakale ngokubanzi ekuhlaleni chess ehlabathini. Ngexesha umdlalo ngayo esixhotyiswe ngokukodwa wenza iimpazamo, waphula intsalela kwi oshukunyiswa yokuqala. Umzekelo, kwi izavenge wesithandathu odumileyo ukusuka Euwe kule tumente yesibini ngo-1937 emva kokuba umgangatho 1.d4 D5 2.c4 C6 3.Nc3 dxc4 4.e4 E5 5.Nf3 endaweni washiya ihashe lakhe ungakhuselekanga (5.Bxc4 exd4 6.Nf3 ).

Euwe wamangaliswa kwaye ndabanda kangangokuba nangoko wenza impazamo ngokukhawuleza ebilahlekile. Ngowe-1935, M. Euwe wabiza chess kwi umlo isihloko ihlabathi kumdlalo naye Alekhine Ndaphelelwa 1 ngongoma, kodwa ngowe-1937 akayi yazisa kuye rematch, kodwa kwimeko yesiqhelo kunye umahluko lamanqaku 5.5. Ngoko Alekhine baphinde kwisihloko wechess yehlabathi ukumkani.

A.A.Alehin - wokuqala chess-towner

Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Alehin - le nguGrandmaster yokuqala professional owenze ukhenketho ihlabathi. uhambo lwakhe ngangosuku 10.09.1932 kwi 05.20.1933 ngonyaka. Kwiinyanga zokuqala 9 nguGrandmaster imbeko bubukho kumazwe ali-15: Mexico, eCeylon, Cuba, Shanghai, iiPhilippines, i-USA, iYiputa, Hawaii, Palestine, eJapan, Italy, Hong Kong, New Zealand, Singapore kunye Indonesia. A abangama-1320 imidlalo, ngokuphumelela omnye - 1165, ukulahlekelwa - 65.

beminyaka yemfazwe

Ngowe-1940, umbhali-umguquleli yomkhosi French Alehin uAleksandr Aleksandrovich, ifoto apho ubona kweli nqaku, wasiwa ikhonkxwa, apho wahlangulwa kuphela emva kokuba uzinikele French.

umdlalo Unplayed. Iqhawe engunaphakade

Ngexesha lakhe, akazange boyisiwe wesine ukumkani chess inxaxheba kwiitumente 87, 62 ezo yokuwina kwakhe; 23 imidlalo, 17 kubo kwakhona lobungangamsha kuye 4 yaphelela draw. Ngo March 1946 Alekhine ebizelwa ukulwa USSR intshatsheli Botvinnik. Aleksandr Aleksandrovich wamnika imvume yakhe, kodwa ke ukulwa akazange indawo ngokunxulumene kokufa ngesiquphe umdlali enkulu chess. Found kwabafileyo ngoMatshi 24 kwigumbi eshtorilskogo "Park-Ihotele" kufuphi Lisbon. Xa emoyeni, ngokuhlwa phambi kokufa nguGrandmaster umntu Babedla. Ngokufunisela malunga ngoonobangela ntlekele ziye ezahlukeneyo, kodwa uninzi abawathandayo chess wayekholelwa ukuba amagosa zokhuseleko ngqo ekufeni kwakhe ezinxulumene. komngcwabo Alekhine ebibanjwe e Estoril, kodwa ngowe-1956 wahlelwa nokungcwatywa kwakhe eParis kwi Montparnasse emangcwabeni. On a ibhastile ilitye umdlali chess ithi ukuba yingqondi chess ngamagunya ezimbini ezinkulu, France naseRashiya. Wafa, nangoku ugcina kwisihloko chess kukumkani, azikhange zikwazi ukubhukuqa kwetrone.

Ngowe-1965, umlandeli A.A.Alehina A.A.Kotovym wapapasha incwadi malunga ubomi abadlali ezinkulu chess le Russian "White and Black". Ngowe-1980, ubomi umdlali enkulu chess Russian sele immortalized kwi isekelwe phezu bhanya ncwadi ikhankanywe ngasentla "Snow White Russia". Aleksandr Alehin - umntu oya kuhlala iintliziyo zabantu belizwe kangangeenkulungwane, ekubeni iinkonzo bakhe kwilizwe ekhaya zibalulekile.