Adenocarcinoma ye ikholoni sigmoid: oonobangela, iimpawu, unyango kunye prognoses

Adenocarcinoma ye ikholoni sigmoid - yinto ithumba yakha ukususela iiseli glandular yokuba nomhlaza emathunjini. Le sigmoid ezimile esitulweni. Kubalulekile ke ngoko ukuba usebenzise yonke kutya imini ezinegalelo ukukhuthaza peristalsis. Ukuba umntu ukuqhina, ukuba ithe lufakwa uxinzelelo phezu eludongeni colon sigmoid, nto leyo ekhokelela iingxaki kwegazi. Ukongeza, le imithana iiseli epithelial mhlawumbi ngenxa izinto umhlaza eziqulathwe endleni. Kuyinto ezi zinto zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ngemvelaphi iiseli zomhlaza.

Yintoni na colon sigmoid?

emathunjini yabantu yahlulwe ngamaqela amabini: ezincinane nezinkulu. isebe ikholoni got igama layo ngenxa mithambo enkulu. Guts yesebe lisibekele emathunjini amancinci.

Amathumbu amakhulu yahlulwe yangamacandelo ezininzi:

• iimfama;
• ikholoni;
• ngqo.

isabelo Cecum inenkqubo, ekuthiwa isihlomelo. ikholoni Sigmoid ibhekisa inxalenye yesebe enkulu. Adenocarcinoma ye ikholoni sigmoid kuxhaphake kakhulu kunokuba zomhlaza ezinye amathumbu. Ithumba iseli imvuselelo onobungozi, leyo nocatshulo epithelium glandular. Kungenxa yoko le nto sifo udla ngokubizwa ngokuba adenocarcinoma.

ikholoni Sigmoid ke linyathelo lokugqibela ethunjini, apho ekugqibeleni owanyayo amanzi emzimbeni, apha kulapho kukho ukubunjwa ngendle.

Emathunjini ngokwayo inxalenye c-imilo xa ukutya ngokuchanekileyo, kwaye ndiswele izondlo izimbiwa kule nxalenye kwenzeka endleni kungekho kukhula. Oku kunegalelo nokuhamba kwegazi kakuhle.

motility okwehlileyo ezinokubangelwa inani zonke izifo umyalezo ezahlukeneyo kunokwenzeka. Ukongeza, uphuhliso ekuma of endleni kunokwenzeka kunye atony okanye akukho motility. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le atony ezinokubangelwa ubudala yesigulane. Hypoperistalsis kunokwenzeka emva kokwenziswa iintlobo-ntlobo zemisebenzi, emva kokubeleka, xa yokungasebenzi. Yaba ixesha xa umzimba womntu kwenzeka ukumangala eyomeleleyo, njengoko umthetho, ziphawuleka ukusilela hormone.

Le bokuqonda sifo

Adenocarcinoma - yenye sezifo kakhulu ngokubhekiselele iimpawu zonyango kunye nonyango elandelayo. Ekubeni isiphumo kaninzi ekhokelela ekufeni. Isiphumo ebulalayo kunokwenzeka ngenxa metastases ezithe saa kuwo wonke umzimba, yaqala ukukhula ngamandla nokuphuhlisa. Uqikelelo luchazwa kukuba xa nisaqala zesi sifo lwenzeka ezineempawu ezifanayo ngokungathi ukungacoleki kokutya. Umntu uzama ukuba aphathwe ngendlela angakhetha, Noko ke, ngoku nethumba siyakhula nokuphuhlisa. Yaba ixesha elithile kuphela kamva, xa sifo sele uqalile, isigulane ukuba uthathele ingqalelo thethwano ukuya somdlavuza.

Kwaye enye ezincinane ngakumbi ngumba ontununtunu. Iimpawu Clinical ibandakanya zoviwo ingquza kunye ezinqeni, isigulane nje abenentloni kwaye akafuni ukuya bekutyelelo ukuya yincutshe. Kungenxa yoko le nto lokufunyaniswa lomhlaza sishiywe kwexesha. Kodwa ke isigulane kufuneka siqonde: i ezincinane nethumba, uxilongo ngaphambili kwenzeka, ngoko ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuqalisa unyango. Ngenxa yoko, umphumo uya kuba yingenelo de bachache ngokupheleleyo.

ngezigaba

Adenocarcinoma ye ikholoni sigmoid ithi yahlulwe iintlobo eziliqela. Ngamnye kubo uneempawu zawo. Iintlobo yamathumba:

1. Low grade-, yena idla imibane-fast, ukuhamba lwephanyazo le khosi. Olu hlobo enyangekayo ngenene nzima yangaphambili kwiimeko ezingaginyisi mathe.
2. adenocarcinoma ngomndilili we ikholoni sigmoid. Ngokuba lo hlobo kuqikelelo kunokuba nethemba.
3. adenocarcinoma ngokwahlukeneyo kakhulu ikholoni sigmoid, uhlobo yamathumba basabela kakuhle kunyango kunye zazo iziyobisi.

Kuxhomekeka akhule nokuphuhlisa ithumba kangakanani ngokukhawuleza, kukho zigaba ezininzi lokukhula:

1. Exophytic, xa siqwalasela ukukhula iiseli umhlaza kuphela mithambo ye ikholoni sigmoid. Oku kunegalelo luminal exineneyo, ngenxa yoko: rhoqo ukuqhina kunye ndathintelwa patency of ngendle.
2. Endophytic, ngeli nqanaba ukukhula iiseli yayintsholongwane eyosulela ukugqobhoza udonga emathunjini.

Inqanaba lesi sifo

Into ebalulekileyo umahluko zokufumanis zigaba thumba neentlobo ukubonakaliswa. Iintlobo yamathumba kumabanga:

1. Inqanaba lokuqala uqalisa ebetha izilonda mucosal. Le ethile enkulu uxilongo zophuhliso isifo nazimpawu.
2. Kule yesibini isigaba iiseli amabi ngcembe ukuqala ukuba bazalise muscularis tunica. Kulo mzekelo, indoda wabhiyozela ukungacoleki kokutya. Kwaye sele sesibini isigaba iingcali zithi ukukhula adenocarcinoma ukuya ku-5 cm.
3. Isigaba sesithathu ikhuthaza kwii-iiseli amabi, kuzo zonke zikhabane yethumbu enkulu. Xa Isigaba sesithathu okwangoku phambili Ukudlulela.
4. sigaba 4th okanye adenocarcinoma aphilileyo. Oku kubonisa sifo ukungabikho kwesifo ngexesha, unyango ziingcali. Ngelo xesha uqala Ukudlulela kwamanye amalungu. Ipredikshini idla nezinzima.

izizathu

Izinto ezibangela umhlaza zininzi kwaye zahlukene. Okubaluleke kakhulu, bona engalindelekanga. yesilungu ayikho nako ukuchonga ngqo oonobangela adenocarcinoma le colon sigmoid. Unga kusasaza izizathu ezibangela uphuhliso umhlaza ngamaqela eziliqela. Ezi zinto zibandakanya:

1. Yokudla. Oogqirha abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba ukungondleki lungunobangela ephambili neenkqubo ezibangela umhlaza. Ngakumbi iimveliso zokutya yingozi equlathe izixa ezikhulu carcinogens, amafutha ezilwanyana, ii-asidi okunamafutha.
2. Ukudumba Amathumbu amakhulu. Isifo kakhulu yingozi umzimba okwenziwa sisilonda sikabhobhosi. Amaninzi sifo i header predisposing kuphuhliso ezilandelayo zomhlaza. Ixesha elide sifo, nokungahoywa unyango ngexesha elililo, kokukhona kwandisa umngcipheko iiseli amabi.
3. Iipolyps. I Cancer Plan polyp wamathumbu kukho into predisposing kuphuhliso yobubi.
4. into Genetic.
5. Wazo.
6. Imitha - yenye sezifo ezixhaphakile colon adenocarcinoma.

ekuxilongweni

Ukubona nokuxilonga specialist sifo lubonisa indlela iindlela ezininzi zophando, ukongeza iimvavanyo zegazi, isitulo kunye nomchamo:

1. Ultrasound diagnosis kunceda ukuba nombono nangezilonda, kodwa ayichazi umcimbi wophuhliso.
2. -X-reyi kunye koko, yingcali ukhangela iqondo ukungqubana ikholoni sigmoid.
3. MRI, okanye ngemagnethi ekuvakaleni kwelizwi umfanekiso. Linceda ukuchonga ubukho umhlaza, wathi imvelaphi yakhe.
4. Fibrocolonoscopy. Ukufunda Amathumbu amakhulu usebenzisa isixhobo olukhethekile - probe. Kulo mzekelo, ingcali ngokuchanileyo qaphela ubungakanani ithumba, ukuqikelela iqondo licuthe le sayo isisu, ukukhangela unobangela woko.

symptomatology

Kwisigaba sokuqala ukukhula ithumba ngexesha sifo nazimpawu. Kungenxa yoko le nto sifo ngexesha ubhaqo yamathumba kuyingxaki.

Wabonakala kuqala isenokuba esiswini: iintlungu esiswini, ukuqhina, flatulence. Le miqondiso isiguli mazingabhidaniswa ukuphazamiseka yesiqhelo yokwetyisa, nto leyo esisizathu sokuba ngeli nqanaba yephulo ugqirha ubeka umguli. Yobunzima kwisaveyi ngenxa yokuba, apho ikholoni sigmoid ime. Iimpawu intsholongwane akuthethi wabonakalaliswa usaqala.

Njengoko ukukhula ithumba kunye nophuhliso ukwenza izinto kwezonyango sifo iba ohlukeneyo. amanqaku Nomonde:

1. Intlungu kwisiqingatha ekhohlo. Ngcembe zibe ukunyamezela intlungu, le nto yinto ebonakalisa ngokucacileyo unyango ukuya kugqirha.
2. Isicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha.
3. Nokuqunjelwa.
4. Lurhudo okanye nokuqunjelwa. Zikwinqanaba eliqhubela nqanaba ezilawulwa ukuqhina, oku kubangelwa ukungqubana le mithambo sigmoid wamathumbu.
5. Elimsulwa kule isitulo, igazi, ububomvu kunye yencindi yomlomo.

kubonakaliswa Common clinical

obubonakala Common clinical uphawu adenocarcinoma ye ikholoni sigmoid kukho ubuthathaka, ngokukhawuleza ukwehla kobunzima, ezinye izigulane ngenxa ithumba owophayo anemia.

Ingxaki enkulu kukuba komtshiso ukuvela em-, liyafana umhlaza colon sigmoid. Kungenxa yoko le nto obubonakala lwezonyango kokuxilongwa mhlawumbi eziphosakeleyo.

Xa nqanaba Ukudlulela Ukudlulela iphumele umzimba kwiinqanawa, ndiwutwabulule phezu komhlaba. Indawo yokuqala yokukhula iseli onobungozi, leyo luxilonga gqirha, zibe kwiindawo nkovu, uze kuphela iqala usulelo amalungu parenchymal. Umonakalo engundoqo isibindi kuyimfuneko.

ukonakala kwesibindi kuboniswa senyongo, incasa ekrakra emlonyeni. Lomntu ke onobu bugcisa ungavavanya metastases yi Ngokucofa. Kanti metastases ngexesha MRI, ultrasound.

unyango

Le nguqu kakhulu ngempumelelo nezilungileyo nezinyangayo aokusetyenziswa ngexesha unyango, i zigaba yokuqala neyesibini sifo. Isiphumo wafuna ngeendleko zotyando. Oogqirha benza ukususwa adenocarcinoma le colon sigmoid.

iindlela zotyando amabakala ezininzi:

• Ngexesha kwinqanaba lokuqala kukho nokususwa ngokupheleleyo yamathumba kunye umsantsa encinane colon sigmoid. Oogqirha lubonisa ukuba iziphumo unyango olusebenzayo ukususwa ngaphezu kwe-15 cm emathunjini, nto leyo ngezantsi nethumba ezinesiqingatha semitha ukuphakama. Ukuba kwakungekho isithintelo, Iziphelo na ngesteyipla kunye. Ukuba kukho ekuphazamiseni amathumbu, ekupheleni esezantsi kwamathumbu siboniswe eludongeni esiswini ukuya isitulo ingabonakaliswa kwibhegi ekhethekileyo ukuqokelela.

• Kule meko, izigulane bachitha iinyanga ezimbalwa. Emva kokuba ungenelelo ngokuphindaphindiweyo, oko kwenziwa ukuze kubuyiselwe ngokupheleleyo eqhelekileyo yokusebenza zesisu phecana kunye nakwa KwaZulu permeability. Kwakhona ukungenelela akwenzeki kuzo zonke iimeko.
• Chemotherapy kunokwenzeka emva kokuba ungenelelo lokuqala oogqirha. Kuyinto ukuthintela zingabuyi yezifo. Emva kwikhondo ichemotherapy kunokwenzeka ukuba aqhube umsebenzi yesibini.
• Zokukhanya njengonyango lwe sigmoid kunokwenzeka endaweni yokuba kusetyenziswe amachiza.
• Ukuze banciphise ubuhlungu umntu emiselweyo iziyobisi ezidakumbisayo. Ukuba isifo phambili eqongeni, ALS ohlelelekileyo ukuqeshwa analgesics ezidakumbisayo kunokwenzeka. Ukwamkela amalungiselelo enamandla iziyobisi usenokuba kuba sisigxina, kufuneka ube ngcali phambi kokuthatha ngeeyure ezimbalwa. iintlungu analgesics eqhelekileyo akukho isikiwe.

Unyango lwe ikholoni sigmoid kufuna ungenelelo kwangethuba oogqirha. Ukuba wenze utyando kwi zigaba yokuqala nasekuqaleni izifo, nokususwa ngokupheleleyo yamathumba inegalelo recovery ogulayo lulonke. Ukuba inqanaba lesi sifo iqale, isigulane ngoyaba utyelelo kwindawo yonyango moshilongo izifo ukuba bemkile nqanaba Ukudlulela, kwaye abantu abane kwabathile esi sifo. Ukudlulela ayisuseki yi uqhaqho.

Adenocarcinoma ye ikholoni sigmoid: uqikelelo

Kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuqatshelwe ukuba abantu abane zonyango Ithumba ngokuqhelekileyo intle. Ukuba isifo eso ngendlela ngexesha, ngexesha wenza utyando, uyakwazi ukubala ukuchacha ngokupheleleyo adenocarcinoma. Izinga basinde lwezigulane babe ngaphezu kwesiqingatha amatyala. Ukuba sicinga ukuba uninzi utyando lwenziwa kwizigulana ukwaluphala, kuba imiphumo emihle.

iziphumo

Ukuba kukho i cebiso incinane kwi adenocarcinoma ukungacoleki iphawulwe ngokusisigxina, kukho imfuno engxamisekileyo ukubona specialist ukufumanisa isifo okanye ukuphelisa zayo ngokupheleleyo. unyango kwangoko kunye nokuthintela kuya kunceda ukwandisa ubomi kumguli kakhulu ngcono ubulunga bayo.

ukuhlolwa indawo ubuncwane ayikwazi ukuba izigulane abonwabileyo, endaweni wabhiyozela yobunzima. Umntu ngamnye kufuneka aqonde ukuba ugqirha - oyingcaphephe ubani ozama ukunceda, kwaye yengxinano akufanelekanga apha. Enye Ndandicinga ukuba uxilongo ngexesha yamathumba kungalandisa ubomi, kufuneka isibaluli phambi kokuba uye yincutshe.