Abaphathi beWWII: uludwe. IiMarha neenqununu zeMfazwe ePhambili yePatriotic

I-WWII ithathwa njengenye yeengxabano ezinobundlobongela kunye negazi elixhatshazwayo le-20 leminyaka. Ngokungathandabuzekiyo, ukunqoba kwimfazwe kwakuyimfuneko yabantu baseSoviet, okuthi, ngeendleko zemibandela engabonakaliyo, yanika isizukulwana esizayo ubomi obunokuthula. Nangona kunjalo, oku kwenzelwe ngetalente engalinganiyo yabaphathi bamaSoviet. Abaphathi abaye bathatha inxaxheba kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi Yesibili bakha intshaba kunye nabemi abaqhelekileyo base-USSR, babonisa ubuqhawe nesibindi.

UGeorgia Zhukov

Enye yezona zibalulekileyo zibalo zeMfazwe Enkulu yePatriotic yiGeorgia Zhukov. Ukuqala komsebenzi wamajoni kaZhukov ubuya ngo-1916, xa ebambe iqhaza kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi Yeyokuqala. Ngenye yeemfazwe uZhukov wayelimala kakhulu, waxhatshazwa, kodwa, nangona kunjalo, akazange ashiye isikhundla sakhe. Kuba nobukroti kunye nobugorha wanikwa umgca we- St. George we-3 ne-4 degree.

Abaphathi beMfazwe Yehlabathi yesiBini abayizona nje iinkokheli zemikhosi, ziyizona zintsholongwane zoshishino lwabo. UGeorgy Zhukov ungumzekelo ocacileyo wale nto. Kwakuye, owokuqala kubo bonke abameli be-Red Army, ukuba bamkele umhlobiso-iMarshal's Star, kunye nenqanaba eliphezulu leenkonzo zempi -uMarshal weSoviet Union.

UAlexey Mikhailovich Vasilevsky

Uluhlu lwe "Abaphathi beMfazwe Yehlabathi Yesibili" alukwazi ukucinga ngaphandle kwalo mntu ovelele. Ngebudeni bemfazwe yonke, uVasilevsky wayephambi kweenyanga ezili-22 kunye namadoda akhe, kunye neenyanga ezili-12 kuphela eMoscow. Umlawuli omkhulu ngokwakhe wayeyilwe kwiimfazwe e-Stalingrad, onamandla kwiintsuku zokukhusela eMoscow, wavakashela ngokuphindaphindiweyo indawo eziyingozi kakhulu ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga ukuhlaselwa komkhosi waseJamani umkhosi.

UAlexei Mikhailovich Vasilevsky, uMagosa-Jikelele weMfazwe ePhambili yePatriotic, wayenomlingisi onokuqhayisa. Ngombulelo wakhe wokucinga kunye nokuqonda ngokukhawuleza kwimeko, wayephumelela ngokuphindaphindiweyo ekuhlaseleni ukuhlaselwa kweentshaba, ukuphepha abantu abaninzi.

Ngenxa yeziphumo eziphumelelayo zecala elikhuselayo eStalingrad, kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kweqela likaMarshal Paulus, uVasilevsky Alexey Mikhailovich wanikezelwa ngesihloko esithi "uMarshal of the Soviet Union", kwaye wanikezela iMyalelo weStorov 1st Class.

Konstantin Konstantinovich Rokossovsky

Ngeke kubekho ubungqali obupheleleyo be-"Izikhulu eziPhambili zeMfazwe Yehlabathi yesiBili" kwaye ngaphandle kokukhankanya indoda eyimangalisa, umlawuli wezempi onolwazi uK. K. Rokossovsky. Umsebenzi wezempi wamaRokossovsky waqala eneminyaka eyi-18 xa wacelwa ukuba ajoyine i-Red Army, eyayilawula i-Warsaw.

Kwi-biography yomphathi omkhulu kunemifanekiso engalunganga. Ngaloo ndlela, ngo-1937 wahlonyelwa kwaye wayetyunjwa ngokubambisana nobunzima belizwe langaphandle, okwakusisiseko sokubanjwa kwakhe. Nangona kunjalo, ubunzima obunzima bukaRokossovsky kunye nokunyamezela kwadlala indima ebalulekileyo. Akazange avume kwiingxelo ezimalunga naye. Ukulungiswa nokukhululwa kuka Konstantin Konstantinovich kwenzeka ngowe-1940.

Ukusebenza ngokusemandleni empi kufuphi neMoscow, kunye nokukhusela iStalingrad, igama likaRokossovsky lidweliswe phambili kwiluhlu "lwabaphathi abakhulu beMfazwe Yehlabathi Yesibili". Ngenxa yendima edlalwa yinto echasene noMinsk noBaranovichi, uKonstantin Konstantinovich wanikezelwa ngesihloko esithi "uMarshal weSoviet Union". Wanikezelwa imiyalelo emininzi kunye neemali.

Ivan Stepanovich Konev

Ungakulibali ukuba uluhlu lwe "Abaphathi kunye neenqwelomoya zeMfazwe Yehlabathi yesiBili" luquka igama likaKonev I. Enye yezinto eziphambili, okubonisa ukuba i-Ivan Stepanovich, i-Korsun-Shevchenko. Lo msebenzi wawuvumelekile ukuba ungqonge iqela elikhulu lemihlaba yintshaba, eyabangela indima ebalulekileyo ekupheleni kwemfazwe.

UAlexandre Vert, intatheli eyaziwayo yeNgesi, wabhala malunga nale ntshukumo ekhohlakeleyo kunye nokwahlula okukodwa kweKonev: "I-Konev, ngokusebenzisa i-slush, udaka, ukungabikho komsebenzi kunye ne-mudslide, yenza ukuhlaselwa kombane kwiimpi zentshaba." Ngenxa yeengcamango ezintsha, ukunyamezela, ubugorha kunye nesibindi esikhulu u-Ivan Stepanovich wajoyina uluhlu apho abaphathi bee-marshals ze-Great Great Patriotic War babalwa. Isikhundla sokuba "uMarshal weSoviet Union" umlawuli uKonev wayengowesithathu, emva koZhukov noVasilevsky.

Andrei Ivanovich Eremenko

Omnye wabantu abadumileyo kwiMfazwe Enkulu yamaPatriotic ngu-Andrei Ivanovich Eremenko, owazalwa kwindawo yokuhlala yaseMarkovka ngo-1872. Umsebenzi wamasosha omlawuli obalaseleyo waqala ngo-1913, xa wabhalwa kwi-Army Imperial Army.

Lo mntu unomdla kuba ufumene i-rank of marshal yeSoviet Union ngenxa yezinye izinto ezifanelekileyo kunokuba uRokossovsky, uZhukov, Vasilevsky noKonev. Ukuba abalawuli abadibeneyo bemikhosi yeMfazwe Yehlabathi Yesibili banikezelwa imiyalelo yokusebenza kakubi, u-Andrei Ivanovich wathola isikhundla esiphezulu somkhosi sokukhusela. U-Eremenko uthatha inxaxheba ebalulekileyo kwimisebenzi kufuphi naseStalingrad, ngokukodwa, wayengomnye wabaqalisi be-counteroffensive, ngokubhekiselele kulowo wakwazi ukubamba iqela lamajoni aseJamani ngenani labantu abangama-330waka.

Rodion Yakovlevich Malinovsky

Omnye wabalawuli abaqaqambileyo baseSoviet Union ngexesha leMfazwe Enkulu yePatriotic nguRodion Yakovlevich Malinovsky. Wabhaliswa kwiinqanaba ze-Red Army eneminyaka eyi-16. Ngexesha leMfazwe Yehlabathi yokuqala wafumana amanxeba amaninzi. Iingqungquthela ezimbini zamabhokhsi zafakwa kumqolo, okwesithathu wathintela unyawo lwakhe. Nangona kunjalo, emva kokubuyiselwa, akazange athunyelwe, kodwa waqhubeka ekhonza ilizwe lakubo.

Amagama akhethekileyo afaneleke ukuphumelela emkhosini ngexesha leMfazwe Yehlabathi yesiBini. NgoDisemba 1941, ngelixa ephakamileyo yeLieutenant General, uMalinovsky wamiselwa nguMlawuli we-Southern Front. Nangona kunjalo, isiqendu esichukumisayo kwi-biography kaRoonon Yakovlevich kukukhusela iStalingrad. I-66th Army, phantsi kobunkokheli obuqinileyo be-Malinovsky, yaya kwi-counter-offensive eduze neStalingrad. Siyabulela kule nto, kwakunokwenzeka ukunqoba i-6 ye-Army yaseJamani, eyanciphise ukutshabalalisa kwintshaba kuloo mzi. Emva kokuphela kwemfazwe, uRoonon Yakovlevich wanikezelwa ngesihloko sokuhlonipha "Hero of the Soviet Union".

Semyon Konstantinovich Timoshenko

Ukunqoba, ngokuqinisekileyo, kwaqulunqwa ngabantu bonke, kodwa abaphathi beMfazwe ePhambili yePatriotic badlala indima ekhethekileyo ekunqobeni imikhosi yaseJamani. Uluhlu lwabalawuli ababalaseleyo longezelelwe ngefayile yeSemyon Konstantinovich Tymoshenko. Umlawuli wamkela ngokuphindaphindiweyo amazwi kaStalin, okwakubangelwa imisebenzi eyingozi kwiintsuku zokuqala zemfazwe. USemyon Konstantinovich, ebonisa isibindi nesibindi, wabuza umphathi-nqununu ukuba amthumele kwingxenye eyingozi kakhulu kwiimfazwe.

UMarshal Timoshenko ngexesha lemisebenzi yakhe yemikhosi wayala iindawo ezibalulekileyo kunye nezikhombisi-ndlela, eziyimpumelelo. Iimbali ezona zibalaseleyo kwi-biographi ye-mlawuli yile mfazwe kwintsimi yaseBelarus, ngokukodwa ukukhusela iGomel noMogilev.

Ivan Khristoforovich Chuikov

U-Ivan Khristoforovich wazalelwa kwintsapho yamazwe ngo-1900. Wagqiba ekubeni anikezele ubomi bakhe enkonzweni yelizwe, ukuze adibanise nemisebenzi yempi. Wathatha inxaxheba kwiMfazwe yombutho, apho wabelwa khona iMigqaliselo emibini yeBlack Banner.

Ngexesha leMfazwe Yehlabathi Yesibili wayengumlawuli we-64 kunye ne-62 Army. Ngaphantsi kobunkokheli bakhe, kubakho iimfazwe ezibalulekileyo ezikhuselekileyo, eziye zavumela ukukhusela i-Stalingrad. U-Ivan Chuikov ukwenzela ukukhululwa kwe-Ukraine kwi-fascist umsebenzi wanikezelwa ngesihloko esithi "Hero yeSoviet Union."

Imfazwe Enkulu yePatriotic yiyona nto ibalulekileyo imfazwe yekhulu lama-20. Ndiyabulela ubugorha, isibindi nesibindi samajoni aseSoviet, kunye nolwazi olutsha kunye nekhono lamagosa omkhosi ukwenza izigqibo kwiimeko ezinzima, bakwazi ukuphumeza ukulwa kobunzima be-Red Army phezu kweJamani.