Abantu & Society: iimpawu zabantu eluntwini

Society - luhlobo yinyaniso musa ukukhetha thina, musa ukudala kwaye akakwazi ukulawula, kodwa ilawula thina, kwaye othile ababusayo kuthi. "Human Iimpawu eluntwini - ntoni na?" - ubuze. Impendulo umbuzo inikela eli nqaku. Uza kucelwa ukuba bayihlole le umba ezintsonkothileyo ukuqonda ngokwabo kutheni kukho kunjalo hayi ngenye indlela, nokuba sikwazi ukutshintsha nantoni na.

Yintoni na uluntu?

Iimpawu kwabantu yoluntu entsonkothileyo kakhulu yaye ezininzi. Society imbaxa, njengoko zonke iinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo, impefumlelwano ezininzi kuThixo ezibandaknywayo umohluko. Okunye ngqo, oko akhiwa intsebenziswano kunye ukuzimela ngabantu, alandelayo iintshukumisa zabo endalo yokuziphatha. Iimpawu ebantwini, ubuyena ngemvelo kwabantu ezihambelanayo.

Thina, bantu, i akunakumgqiba umbutho. Ukuntsonkotha ubume boluntu lubonakala siseko walo multi-mbini, iintlobo iimfuno ezahlukeneyo. Phakathi kwezinto ezininzi kuyo ezifana self-ulondolozo, olu khuphiswano, imfuneko unxibelelwano, imvo ubulungisa ukunxanelwa inkululeko. Noko ke, indlela esiziphatha ngayo ubukhulu becala, ezingenangqondo, ukususela, nakubeni umntu eyaziyo, isizathu, nezikhundla zayo ngeemfuno onegunya ukunyanzela ukuba silandele ithuku of self-kulondolozwe, ukhuphiswano, kungakhathaliseki iimfuno yenyaniso logic. iinkalo ezininzi yobuntu, ukongeza, babe ephikisayo, ziyaphikisana. Ngenxa yoku, kufuneka alwe kumzabalazo rhoqo umnqwazi, umzekelo, phakathi umnqweno namandla kunye nenkululeko, ukulingana kunye nobulungisa.

Njengoko ukuntsonkotha - ipropati zendalo naziphi zemvelo, kuluntu into nothobela iipropati jikelele kunye nemithetho utshintshe, eqhelekileyo zonke iinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo. Ezi iimpawu kunye neepatheni zivela kuwo onke amanqanaba enkqubo, ukuqala kusapho kunye nesiphelo kunye nemibutho yesizwe, jikelele. Iimpawu abantu kufuneka ithathele ingqalelo imiba emininzi.

Iinkqubo Complex zisingathwa ukuba non-linear, ngamanye indlela inkqubo yonke asivelanga indlela iinxalenye zayo ngamnye, kwaye bachazwe njengoko isixa yabo. Nonlinearity iinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo ezinxulumene iimpawu ezimbini: ke akucingeleki, kunye irreducible. iinkqubo ezinjalo akufuneki zithotywe ngenxa yokuziphatha kwazo ngokubanzi ngayo yahlukile umdibaniso ezinokuzuzwa zokuziphatha. Enyanisweni, xa ulwalamano ingxelo sikhona, yonke yokuziphatha ichaphazela indlela aziphatha ngayo lwendawana, kunye vice versa. Ngoko ke njengoluntu kuchaphazela umntu, akukho mntu ayikwazi bodwa kuyo. Society, njengazo zonke iinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo, esebenza ngokubanzi kwaye engeke ilawulwe ngabantu. Abantu unokuba nempembelelo kuphela kwabo inxaxheba kwiziganeko ezahlukeneyo eyenza nkqubo, kodwa akakwazi ukulawula nto.

Iinkqubo ezide engalindelekanga. Kwiinkqubo nonlinear, utshintsho incinane iimeko kusenokukhokelela kwiinguqu ezinkulu ezingalindelekanga. Le kazulu kukho into elolo hlobo. iziganeko ezahlukeneyo, imisebenzi badla nemiphumela emibi ngesiquphe, engalindelekanga kwaye maxa wambi engamkelekanga.

Esinye isizathu Ukungaqiniseki iinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo kukuba kaninzi ziquka i yethamsanqa njengoko iimpawu ngokupheleleyo phakathi kwabantu. Umzekelo zingafundiswa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: njengoko kwinkqubo zimele iyikoloni mbovane. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuqatshelwe ukuba zonke iimbovane aye afune ukutya kumacala ahlukeneyo. Le ukuziphatha ivumela butho ukufumana isidlo engcono. Phakathi kwabantu, kukho kwakhona element of ithuba. INkcubeko, umzekelo, ibe nempembelelo enkulu phezu amabango oluntu, kodwa kuyilwa ngokuzenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo ithuba random lweziganeko.

Ubume kwenkqubo

iinkqubo Complex, ngokubanzi, musa i nkcazelo engqongqo, akunakwenzeka ukuba eyona nto igama. Iimpawu emphakathini wabantu - a ucaphulo entsonkothileyo kakhulu. Oko kukuthi, ukuba sihlaziye, kufuneka ukwakha umfuziselo lula. Kwixesha elizayo, siza kuqwalasela umzekelo yoluntu, ngokusekelwe ezaziwayo-kakuhle kubudlelwane yamaziko, zenkcubeko nezentlalo noqoqosho, kwakunye ngokuzibandakanya kwabo kunye nempembelelo kwindalo babantu.

isakhiwo social

Ngalinye imiba yoluntu (uhlobo yezentlalo nezoqoqosho, yenkcubeko, amaziko oluntu) kukodwa umbutho oluntsonkothileyo ezenziwa ngokudibanisa ukuzimela components elula. ezentlalo kunye nezoqoqosho ukhandwa indibanisela yabasebenzi, unxulumano kwezentlalo kunye nomsebenzi zobuqu. Umba zeziko kuquka imibutho karhulumente kunye nawabucala. Inkcubeko ludibaniso kolwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe, intanda kunye nemilinganiselo. uhlobo Human kwakhona ukusuka intsebenziswano endalo zamafa kunye nophuhliso wayo umntu othile. Iimpawu ibutho labantu ke kuthiwa igama elithi "ubuntu" okhethekileyo.

Njengazo zonke iinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo, lo umphakathi irreducible. Le yonke enzima ngeke kuncitshiswa nayiphi na imiba lweempawu oluntu kuluntu akuthethi eziziimpawu zoluntu luphela. Nayiphi na ingcaciso kuluntu ukusuka kwindawo yokucingela into enye, nokuba inkcubeko, yobuntu, umzabalazo igunya okanye amaziko ahlukeneyo ngayo ayigqitywanga. It, njengazo zonke iinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo, kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela intsebenziswano ezohlukeneyo ngobukhulu, ukwakha iyunithi eyodwa kwaye ayikwazi lincitshiswe.

Ke kaloku, njengokuba kwezinye iinkqubo ezifanayo, iinxalenye zayo candelo musa ayisekho ngokwahlukileyo, lodwa kodwa kufuneka ingqalelo ngokunxulumene yabo abanye lonke.

isakhiwo oluneqela elinegunya

Into esisiseko intlangano yabantu zentlalo kwalo isakhiwo oluneqela elinegunya. Zonke iindlela mbutho zentlalo, ukususela uluntu abazingeli kunye berhafu ukuba yimpucuko ehambele phambili, esibonakala yokwaba amandla legunya. Asizizo zonke legunya efanayo. Abanye baye amandla kunye neklasi amaqela enamandla zangaphakathi. Amanye, afana Society of ngabazingeli kunye nabavuni, abangathathi nkqo, ngakumbi lwentando yesininzi, kwaye nkqu Iinkokeli ngokusisigxina. Kodwa bonke unento ofana: ukwabiwa namandla kubo kuhlale kolwabelo olungalinganiyo. Kusoloko kukho icandelo elibalaseleyo, kusenokuba amadoda, iinkokeli, iziduko, amaxhwele kunye nabanye.

Isizathu zebhayoloji ubukho weqela legunya ilele yendalo yethu wokhuphiswano. Olu khuphiswano yenye iinkalo ezininzi yobuntu. Kwaye abaninzi lwemiba zayo naphakathi ungquzulwano kunye ukukhuphisana. Umzekelo, kwindalo, sijolise ukukhuphisana nje kuphela, kodwa ukunxibelelana. Oko kukuthi, ngemvelo, kufuneka ukuba zinxibelelene kwaye zingqamene kunye nabanye kwaye ngexesha elinye bakhuphisane nabo. ukhuphiswano Human onegunya ukunyanzela ukuba sihlele kwi isakhiwo yokwaba ngamandla. Elinegunya kulo mzekelo - umba engaphephekiyo lombutho lwentlalo.

ngumsebenzi woluntu

Ngokungafaniyo eziphilayo okanye amathanga oziphatha elivumelana umsebenzi eyenziweyo, uluntu ngokubanzi alinayo nayiphi na indima ethile.

Noko ke, nangona oku akuyomfuneko kwezinye iimeko, iinkqubo zentlalo kufuneka isici umiselwa kakhulu isakhiwo inkqubo yezopolitiko. iinkqubo zentlalo kunye umsebenzi isakhiwo oluneqela ukuze kungenelwe abo kuma encotsheni weqela legunya, ngeendleko abo ngezantsi.

Ingcamango yokuba uluntu ikhona ukuze kuzuze lesiphoso ngamnye. Le nkqubo loluntu ukusebenzela inzuzo kwaye oko kusonakalisa lomntu. Le ndlela iya kusebenza ngayo kwimeko ethile ixhomekeke iziganeko random kunye engenasizathu zembali. Imizamo abantu ukulawula okanye ukuyila inkqubo, njengoko umgaqo, kukhokelela ekubeni iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kwaye kaninzi ingafuneki.

Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba ukuthelekisa cala uluntu ezahlukeneyo?

Ngokwahlukileyo kwiinkolelo relativistic, inkqubo ingadala kuvavanywa cala kwaye kuthelekiswa ngokwemiqathango iinzuzo bathabathe bazise ngamnye. Njengoko kuchaziwe ngaphambili, inkqubo akanayo nawuphi na umsebenzi, ngoko ke ingaqalisa ku zombini kuzuze kunokuba nobungozi lomntu. ezinye zazo kakuhle le ndawo. Okunye embi. Ezinye iinkqubo zingcono kunezinye.

Inkqubo elungileyo - enye into enegalelo ekwenzeni ntle ngokubanzi. abantu abahluphekayo ukumlimaza okanye igalelo kwimpilo-ntle ezithile ngeendleko abanye, kuba uphawu lwabantu nabanye abantu eluntwini kusoloko kuthetha eli candelo.

Singenza njani umphakathi?

Yintoni uphawu abantu? Impendulo ayikho simple. Siqalise eli nqaku ngokuthi ukuba uluntu musa ukukhetha thina, musa ukudala kwaye akakwazi ukulawula, kodwa ukulawula ubomi ngamnye kuthi. Ngaba oku kuthetha ukuba inkqubo ezizimeleyo olawula abantu aze aboniswe ukulawula? Ngaba ndiyayiguqula uluntu esiphila?

Umxholo 'komntu kunye noluntu "ebesoloko kwatsala ingqalelo abezopolitiko kunye izazi. Xa amazwi Noam Chomsky, inkqubo loluntu "lingakulungele etyeni." Akukho izizathu zokuba kutheni abantu ababa uyitshintshe. Sifanele ukuba sikwazi ukukhetha inkqubo loluntu eya kusebenza ukuze kungenelwe abantu. Iimpawu emphakathini wabantu - yinto isihloko exhalabisa bonke.

Noko ke, ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo akukho lula ukuphumeza. Okokuqala, abantu akuvumelekanga ukutshintsha inkqubo ngokwakho. yentshukumo zayo kuphela kusenokukhokelela kwiinguqu kulo. A yentshukumo zayo kunzima ukuba aququzelele kuba ezingqondweni ngamnye, njengoko umthetho, kuchaziwe ukuba ube yinxalenye yale nkqubo, yaye ningawuvukeli nxamnye nayo. Okwesibini, abo abazuzayo kwinkqubo kuzuze ubuncinane kwaye izizathu ezininzi zokuba afune ukuyitshintsha, sele amandla ubuncinane.

Ubungakanani apho umntu kufuneka abe noxanduva eluntwini?

Ngokubanzi, luxanduva labantu liphantsi kakhulu. Ngapha koko, ukuba ngokufuthi kufuneka nje ukuqonda engacacanga indalo yakhe, kunye nokukwazi ukulawula oko kulinganiselwe kakhulu, ukuze sikwazi ukuthetha ngento enzima, njengoluntu ebomini bomntu? Noko ke, nangona kunzima zobutyala ukuba babe abantu abanoxanduva kusenjalo ikhona.

Iimpawu emphakathini ukuze iqondo uxanduva umbono

Ngoko abo kuthi ke phaya phezulu kuluhlu, banembopheleleko enkulu. Bona bakholisa ukuba amanqanaba aphezulu emfundo, ezempilo, amathuba, izibonelelo kunye negunya ukuphumeza utshintsho. Kodwa kwangaxeshanye, ukuba komncinane kusenokwenzeka bakwazi ukuphucula le nkqubo. Oku kungenxa balinikwe kuyo iinzuzo mkhulu ngoko kuxhathisa utshintsho kwaye musa nokuxhasa utshintsho, leyo kulimaza umdla zabo. Ukongeza, indlela yokucinga yabantu ezifana umthetho, anqunyulwe kubalulekile umthamo ezibalulekileyo nabaqiqayo. Liphakamile umntu liphuma zabefundisi, kokukhona egxile utshatise inkqubo ukukhusela amandla abo.

I-olusezantsi loo lomntu kumphakamo oluneqela elinegunya, inowuthi indima yomntu eluntwini, lo ngaphantsi yena uxanduva, njengoko idla kwinqanaba elisezantsi wemfundo, ezempilo, izixhobo eziphathekayo, oko akanalo ikhono kunye namandla ukwenza utshintsho. Ukongezelela, abantu abanjalo badla ilawulwe, ukuba zilawulwa ngabo ngasentla. Kufuneka ukuthatha unonophelo kuqala onke malunga iimfuno zabo ezisisiseko kunye ezisondeleyo. Umxholo 'komntu kunye noluntu "kubo njengoko ayikho.

Ingxenye phakathi uluntu phantse uxanduva efanayo abo phaya phezulu kuluhlu. Ububanzi balo luxanduva bomzimba kisekiyo endaweni yaso nkqo, kwakunye nendima ngamnye eluntwini. Ukuze kulondolozwe amandla abo, incam yoluntu iya kuzama ukwenza njalo ukuba abakumgangatho ophakathi ziye iyahlutha (njengokuba wokwehla asezantsi, uya kuzama ukuthatha unonophelo kweemaleko asezantsi). Ngoko ke, abakumgangatho ophakathi nabo baxhamle kwinkqubo yangoku, kunye amandla ayo, izibonelelo kunye namandla angenasiphelo, yaye ngenxa yoko ukwabelana uxanduva kunye phezulu yoluntu. Ngokungafaniyo yokugqibela, hayi bayakwazi ukutshintsha inkqubo, abakumgangatho ophakathi abanalo eli thuba kunye nezibonelelo. Noko ke, umzabalazo wabo amandla, bakholisa ukuba baziqhelanise nkqubo kwaye ukuba benze izinto eziza abo phezulu, ukuqinisekisa ukuba semthethweni kwale nkqubo. Iimpawu emphakathini wabantu - kukuba kakhulu izazela zabo.

Ukungazi akukho sizathu

Ngokungazi, ukungabikho bayiqonde ntoni ukukhulula maleko phezulu ophakathi oluntu yemfanelo. Mu kuya kwa nshita Ingxenye, banalo ulwazi kunye nezixhobo ukuze aqonde le nkqubo kwaye basebenze kuyo. Ukuba inkqubo okubi, ngoko, baseLon- oko, igalelo ekugcinweni imeko yayo amahlwempu. Nangona isazela ezihlangeneyo kwimibandela uhlenga, ukugwetyelwa okanye ngoyaba inkqubo umonakalo, abantu zisekho unoxanduva le miba. Society ebomini bomntu kudlala indima ebalulekileyo, yaye sonke kuthwala uxanduva kuyo.

Kuluntu kungalingani, inkqubo umngeni akuthethi ebesele abantu ukusuka kumabanga aphakamileyo okanye Ingxenye oluntu, nokuba iligcuntswana likawonke-umaleko eliphakathi, leyo ugqiba ukukhusela inkululeko, ubulungisa, ukulingana kunye nezinto ezilungele abo ngezantsi, kwizizukulwana ezizayo kunye nokusingqongileyo. Nangona uninzi amalungu kwezakhi phakathi koluntu, njengokuba umthetho, ngokukhawuleza ukuqhelana inkqubo, kubalulekile kulo abo ukuchonga nayo, asikwazi kuba naye ukwamkela, yaye abanayo imfundo eyoneleyo, nezinto eziphathekayo kunye umgudu ukuze umngeni kuyo.

Iinguqu mbuso eziziswa kubantu abanjalo, badla kukhokelela replacement kweentlobo omnye ngomnye ukwehla (leyo kwezinye iimeko kuba kubi kakhulu). Kwelinye icala, ngokuphucuka okuqhubela phambili le nkqubo lwenzeka xa kuvela enkundleni kunye nabo abantu ababandakanyeka kwinkqubo yophuhliso lwentlalo.