Abafundi ngobukhulu ezahlukeneyo: izinto, abantu abane

Abafundi ezahlukeneyo ngobukhulu kuvandlakanywa abantu abanezifo ezithile lwamehlo kunye luvo. Xa amayeza, uphawu wabonakalisa ukungalingani yobukhulu abafundi iliso, ebizwa anisocoria. Le leengxaki uyaqapheleka kwimeko umonakalo imicu elalivelana iliso ezinxulumene kwemisipha dilates umfundi , okanye imicu ocular parasympathetic besive izihlunu unoxanduva licuthe umfundi.

Abafundi ezinobukhulu obahlukileyo, ezibangela izifo

Ukuba anisocoria ke ngenxa yokulimala kwamehlo, apho umsipha yonakele ukuba constricts umfundi, umfundi ngoko nangoko emva kokuba Isiganeko sokuqala uncipha, kodwa kungekudala ayanda kwakhona, kwaye iyeka nokusabela zokuhlala kunye ezintweni ezibonwayo.

Abafundi ezahlukeneyo ngobukhulu wambi kunokubangela ukudumba iris, ebizwa iritis.

Zonke abasabela ukunciphisa kunye umfundi-ukuvalwa neglaucoma ezibangelwa iris ischemia. Ukunyanga iglaucoma agalelwa sikhatshwa lumngcungcuthekise olubonakalayo lweliso lakho, amehlo isigulane ngcembe kunciphisa.

Ukuba abafundi befundiswa zobungakanani ezahlukeneyo ezibonakalayo ngakumbi kukhanya Kukhazimlayo, oku kokuqhelekileyo ukutyhileka ukuphazamiseka le innervation parasympathetic. Esi sifo ebangela dilatation lo umfundi (mydriasis) kunye indlela yayo yonke nayo buthathaka. Amaninzi, mydriasis na ngenxa ngokoyiswa le luvo oculomotor, nto leyo sikhatshwa squint eziphambukileyo, kukhawulelwe imisebenzi mafutha lweliso lakho, ptosis kunye diplopia.

Ezinye zesinye anisocoria inokuba ngenxa ithumba okanye kwemithambo, ngokuveza lo luvo oculomotor.

Le denervation parasympathetic (abafundi ezahlukeneyo ngobukhulu) kungenxa nangokurhala ezosulelayo iso okanye iliso socket yokwenzakala kwi ganglion ciliary.

Kulo mzekelo umfundi modem ekukhanyeni, kodwa ikhono isantya indawo (hlengiso) igcinwe.

syndromes Adie and Horner

Adie syndrome luphawulwa yokuba xa uhambisa kude kwimboniselo, umfundi dilates ngokucotha, kwaye oku, nayo, kukwaphulwa yokuhlala, yaye baphulukana acuity olubonakalayo. Esi sifo kaninzi kubonwa ngayo amabhinqa aselula kwaye yintoni unobangela mydriasis iliso elinye.

Ukuba anisocoria kukhulu ebumnyameni okanye xa ukususa ukukhanya, ngoko ke a anisocoria imbonakaliso elula okanye Horner engqondweni.

Esi sifo sikhatshwa ptosis, anhidrosis yobuso (olwaphula ukubila) kunye licuthe umfundi, kwaye kaninzi ngenxa yokwaphuka kwemigaqo innervation onovelwano iso. Zesinye Horner engqondweni ukuphendula ngokuqhelekileyo ukuya zokuhlala kunye nokukhanya.

Unobangela Horner syndrome, umhlaza liphezulu kwemiphunga, isiqu ubuchopho sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi nomqolo okanye umqolo ephezulu wesibeleko. Ukuba Horner syndrome, elavela kwi phezulu umhlaza wemiphunga, kwangaxeshanye waphawula ukulahleka ngokobunzima izihlunu ezincinane izandla, iintlungu ibonakala kumphezulu medial esandleni.

Abafundi ngobukhulu ezahlukeneyo zibangelwa ucinezelo le imicu novelwano zomhlaza lengqula ngenxa ezahlukeneyo utyando, kwentlungu, nangezilonda, nodes ezandisiweyo nkovu entanyeni, lo carotid kwemithambo thrombosis, nangenxa yezinye izizathu.

Ukuba iziphumo trauma wakubo carotid kwemithambo, Horner syndrome ephelekwa iintlungu yobuso kwicala enye, kunye nezigulo nokuhamba kwegazi lobuchopho.

syndrome Horner xa abantwana ibangela neuroblastoma kwi inxalenye wesibeleko okanye thoracic.

Xa anisocoria elula (kubalulekile) sivame ukuxilongwa umahluko kancinane ubukhulu umfundi (hayi ngaphezulu kwe-0.5 mm).

A kuhlaselwa migraine maxa wambi kunokubangela i mydriasis ngomoya omnye. Abafundi ngobukhulu eyahlukileyo kulo mzekelo, kukho mifutshane, umfundi asabela igcinwe ngokupheleleyo.

Okunye abafundi - isizathu kakhulu ukuba unyango kugqirha, njengoko kusenokubakho ngenxa kwezifo.