Zotyando isihloko intambo, ubukhulu, ubukhulu

Nawuphi avareji umntu enye indlela okanye enye ebomini babo ubuncinane kanye bejamelene yokulimala okanye imisebenzi. Kuzo zombini ezi meko, oogqirha umonakalo sutured ukukhawulezisa inkqubo impiliso. Cu ngotyando ezahlukeneyo ukusuka ixhaphakileyo?

Xa ndicela yaseZimbabwe

anamanxeba anzulu namanxeba, utyando esiswini, nokunye ukulimala - abantu abaninzi abajongene kunjalo nesibakala sokuba kufuneka ukuthunga ilaphu zabo ukuphiliswa ngcono nangokukhawuleza. Kangangexesha elide le ngxaki, kunye isiqabu olusebenzayo ubuhlungu xihinga eziphambili kuphuhliso olungaphezulu uqhaqho.

Ukutyhubela imbali ziye amaxesha ezininzi ukunyuka nokwehla kwe ingqeqesho apho. Umzekelo, kutyando yamandulo eRoma bafumana phambili, kunye isikolo ngasinye gladiator yaba ugqirha ngayo ababelwa inxeba emva umculo aluphumelelanga. Xa amayeza abanemvume xa iyonke iye usathandwa, ndinako konke ukwazi zamandulo sele ulibele, ukuba zibuyiselwe kwi-Renaissance kunye namaxesha mihla.

Ungaze akukho sidingo ephilisa amanxeba, ngenxa yokuba ukutyhubela imbali yabantu olwenziwa rhoqo imfazwe, kwaye loxolo ngomsonto engenazintsholongwane yotyando kuye zasindisa ubomi obuninzi. Yenzeka njani loo nto?

indaba

Science na inani elikhulu ngokwaneleyo ezibonisa ukuba imisebenzi yokuqala, kuquka kakhulu ezintsonkothileyo, kwenziwa kudala ngaphambi kokufika izixhobo ezikhethekileyo kunye nolwazi enzulu komzimba womntu.

Ukusetyenziswa wokuqala ukubhalwa ngendlela suture kwenzeka iminyaka 2000 ngaphambi kwexesha lethu. Ukusebenzisa vulu neenaliti ekuphiliseni amanxeba iye yachazwa le imbali yaseTshayina imithi. Ngaloo mihla, ulusu athungelwe horsehair, ingumsipha isilwanyana, umqhaphu ifayibha, iinkuni kunye nezinye izityalo. Ngo-175 BC, Galen kuqala okhankanywe zokuthunga, nto leyo yenziwa kwizicwili imfuyo. Kwinkulungwane XX, waba ifana suture elinye kuphela. Noko ke, ngo-1924, wenza umbandela, leyo kamva ngokuba nenayiloni. He kubhekwa umsonto yokuqala eyenziwayo, ifanele ukuthunga amanxeba. Kwakuba mzuzwana, kamva wabonakala ipholiyesta kunye nenayiloni, eyaqala ukusetyenziswa kutyando ngoko nangoko. Phakathi kwale nkulungwane oko yasungulwa ezinepolypropylene 70 - imicu absorbable zokwenziwa.

Ngelo xesha elinye msonto ezahlukahlukeneyo zotyando kunye inaliti ibikade milo. Ukuba ke bengenanto ebalulekileyo awayenzayo ayahlukanga ukusuka njengesiqhelo, bathi ngebhegi kwaye ngokwabo abasisisulu izihlunu, ngoko kamva abayithengayo imilo egosogoso mihla, baye yayisesona egudileyo. Contemporary iinaliti ezilahlwayo atraumatic kumphezulu microroughness abicah zabo zizaliswe.

suture Modern

Utyando yenkulungwane xxi isicelo nemidzaluka imvelaphi ezahlukeneyo kunye neepropati. Iiplastiki zombini zendalo zokwenziwa. Kukho abo ixesha elithile emva kokuba umsebenzi kwi kwisigqibo zabo, xa kokuphelisa imfuneko kubo. Ngoncedo lwabo, kaninzi sutured izicwili zangaphakathi, ngelixa kulungiselelwa yesiqhelo yangaphandle kusetyenziswa, nto leyo efunekayo ukususa kamva. Isigqibo sokugqibela sithathwa ngugqirha, kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, uhlobo enxebeni imeko yesigulane. Kwakhona uyakuxabisa ubungakanani sutures zotyando, ngokukhetha ubukhulu efanelekileyo ukuxhasa inyama, kodwa kwakhona ukuba ubuhlungu.

izidingo

Kukho inani iipropati ukuba abe umsonto ngotyando mihla. Ezi suture iimfuno ezithe zavela ngo-1965. Noko ke, bathi cwaka ezifanelekileyo namhlanje:

• inzalo Easy;
• hypoallergenic;
• ixabiso eliphantsi;
• inertness;
• amandla;
• ukumelana izifo;
• resorbability;
• Ukukwazi nayiphi na inyama;
• bhetyebhetye, lula ngesandla, akukho ntambo memory;
• ukungabikho umsebenzi electronic;
• site ukuthembeka.

suture Modern, zendalo kunye zokwenziwa ngandlel ukuhlangabezana uninzi ezi mfuno. Kakhulu kunye nonyango olufanelekileyo kwanezona amanxeba kakhulu enzulu baphiliswe. Kwaye ngenxa yalo uqhaqho kukuphuhlisa ngempumelelo ukuya kumhla xa imisebenzi yenziwa kokubini kwinqanaba micro, kunye zazo ezintsonkothileyo kunye amalungu ezibalulekileyo ezifana intliziyo nengqondo, kwaye izigulane ngokufuthi uyakuchacha kuyo ngexesha elingephi.

ubukhulu

Kakade ke, iminyaka eliwaka embalwa, msonto ngotyando unenzondelelo iinguqu ezibalulekileyo kwaye akukho uthelekiso abakwazi ukuya noko kwanyanzeleka ukuba bokusetyenziswa ngexesha oogqirha.

Namhlanje, oogqirha kukho uluhlu olubanzi lwezinto suture ezahlukeneyo afanelekileyo ezahlukahlukeneyo izicwili wonke umzimba. Uninzi kuyaqondakala uphawu ongenalwazi kukutyeba sutures yotyando. Ichaphazela amandla kunye weld buhlungu kwaye ngokufanelekileyo, inxeba ixesha amanxeba.

Kukho zizicuku malunga namashumi amabini nezahlukileyo kuphela ubukhulu. Apho amanani ziyahluka ukusuka 0,01 ukuya 0.9 iimilimitha. Ngenxa yoko, kanye zokuqala kuthotho kwezi imisonto alingane nonwele lomntu lumalunga 8 amaxesha!

uhlobo

Ekuqaleni ukwaba iintlobo ezimbini suture:

• monofilament suture intambo;
• multifilament, mvisiswano leyo, kwelinye icala, kusenokwenzeka zingajijwa okanye aluka.

Nganye kwezi ntlobo obadaet iingenelo zakhe, kuneengxaki kunye awohluke. Ngoko ke, lo monofilament zinezibonelelo ezinjalo:

1. Ngobuqhophololo. Ngokutsho isakhiwo olu hlobo ingaphantsi kubuhlungu, uphambuke ukopha ngakumbi.
2. UkuCima okubi. Monofilament isoloko isetyenziselwa sutures intradermal, kuba akakulandeli ithobela ancedisana kwaye lula zisuswe xa kuyimfuneko.
3. Ukungabikho ifuthe nomsonto. Le nto siyifumana isibakala sokuba kufanelekile evakalala imicu nathandanayo akhiwa phakathi micro-mgodini, leyo yazaliswa imixholo ngenxeba, okwandisa ingozi yosulelo. Xa kungekho monofilament nengozi enjalo.
4. Inertness. intambo Monofilament yi kukucaphukisa eluswini, lo gama usebenzisa ithuba ngaphantsi yokulimala komtshiso oko.

izinto suture Ngaloo monofilametny kwaye engxakini enye ebalulekileyo. A amandla encinane kakhulu. Iimfuneko ngemisonto namhlanje kufuneka ibe yintoni inani ubuncinane nodes - ukuba ukubacaphukisa inyama kunye impiliso kade. Ekubeni monofilament unalo kwindawo ogudileyo, iyaqhubeka izakhiwo enzima asilunganga kakhulu. Xa usebenzisa olu hlobo ezibonakalayo eziza kusetyenziswa iindawo ezininzi ukuba weld ziziphatha ngcono.

Ukuphucula iimpawu kwayo ziye isale sisincoko ezahlukeneyo ukwenzela ukunciphisa ingozi yezigulo, ukunyusa ngobuqhophololo kunye biocompatibility. Ukongeza, sisebenza ngokuqhubayo kwimicu ezintsha izinto, kangangokuba kotyando Kwakumi ngxi.

Zokuthunga kunye cellulosic izinto

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, msonto ngotyando, ethatyathwe ethunjini ibinzana iinkomo, waba ngomnye wabantu bokuqala. Namhlanje, netheknoloji imveliso yalo kakhulu egqibeleleyo ngakumbi kunangaphambili, kukho izinto suture kunye chrome ngumfanekiswana, ukwandisa amandla kunye resorption ixesha.

Oku uhlobo ethandwa kakhulu ngemisonto, nangona ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwezinye iimeko ikukunyasha abohlukeneyo yaye ingadala impendulo efanelekileyo omzimba. Kodwa zokuthunga ugqibelele, ukuba nokuhlangana kwayo kuyimfuneko ukuze elide, kuba emva kweentsuku ezili-10, yena iyanyibilika enesiqingatha, yaye kwiinyanga 2 kamva kutshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo emva kokuqeshwa kwakhe.

Imicu neselulosi ukwenza poliniti ekuthiwa oktselon kunye katselon. Kwakhona unalo ixesha elifutshane edalwayo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba sele nomchamo, iplastiki kunye notyando yabantwana. Noko ke, bona bangcono ebalulekileyo - akabalahlanga yi umzimba awafuneki.

Ezinye absorbable

Okunye ngentambo ngotyando unalo ixesha ukupheliswa elide, nto leyo iluncedo ngokubanzi, thoracic kunye Oncology. polidiaksanon inde usombulula - in Ukunyamalala ngokupheleleyo kuthatha iinyanga 6-7.

Inzuzo imicu zokwenziwa kukuba igalelo enxebeni impiliso ngokukhawuleza ngakumbi kwaye ucocekile, ukucutha umngcipheko wokuba naziphi na iingxaki kunye inflammations. Kungenxa yoko le nto ivela yokupheliswa zokuthunga, ukufumana analogue ezikhuselekileyo.

Isilika, kunye nylon

Ezimbini kwezi ntlobo - sutures zotyando, nokulingwa absorbable. Xa practice, oku kuthetha ukuba kususwe yabo ivela emzimbeni kuthatha iminyaka eliqela. Okwenziwa kudala ingqalelo umgangatho ngegolide, obaladaya nsimbi kwisicelo. Noko ke, ngenxa yokuba kwimicu yalo imvelaphi zemvelo, seams kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo zidla ebushushwini babo kwaye ifuna ingqalelo ngakumbi. Kodwa yena elastic kakhulu, ixesha elide yaye oluthambileyo, yaye oku yenze iimina uthando Oogqirha.

intambo nylon nayo kubangela impendulo arhabaxa. Noko ke, loo nto idla ngokusetyenziswa xa suturing imicu kunye zamehlo.

nonabsorbable

intambo Surgical, nekufuneka emva koko isuswe ngesandla, zahlukile iintlobo ngokwaneleyo. Ezinye zazo iimpawu ezigqwesileyo ukuxhaphaza, kodwa reactogenic. Okunye egalelwe nibe, kodwa nzinyana ukusebenzisa yaye libangela i KHTML ingasebenzi. Kunjalo, phantse zonke kubo zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizinto ngokubanzi kwi utyando ezikhethekileyo.

Ukwahlula la maqela alandelayo:

• Polyolefins - prolene, ezinepolypropylene. Ngaphandle kokuba amalungu enjalo phantse soze suppurate, operability ulihlwempu, yaye kufuneka tie ezininzi amaqhina.
• Polyesters - nylon kunye ipholiyesta. Ubukhulu becala kusetyenziswa ukuxhasa ancedisana sidiniwe yaye nemisebenzi endoscopic.
• Fluoropolymers. Iqela oluhle kakhulu - kufuneka iipropati izakhi elungileyo namandla ngokwaneleyo. Akudingi inani elikhulu lweendawo.

Steel and titanium

Ingase ize ibonakale engaqhelekanga, kodwa wentsimbi isasetyenziswa nangoku kutyando ngohlobo ngomsonto-ezifana ucingo isibiyeli ukuba umatshini okhethekileyo. A ethile enkulu - yokwenzakala ku kwizihlunu ezingqongileyo. Noko ke, kwezinye iimeko zamathambo ithambo utyando indawo wesinyithi akanakuba nto.

Ngoko ke kukho iindidi ngeendidi sutures. Bona zisetyenziselwa iinjongo ezahlukeneyo, kwaye kubalulekile, yintoni ngomsonto ekugqibeleni ngotyando ikhethiwe. Igama, Kakade, akukho indima, kodwa ugqirha usoloko sithabathela ingqalelo izinto ezininzi xa isigqibo oko kulungele umguli.