Yintoni rhubarb? Iintlobo, ukutyala kunye nokhathalelo

Nangona oku izityalo igadi luncedo (Polygonaceae usapho) iyalinywa kwilizwe lethu ixesha elide, abaninzi abafundi bethu awuyazi into rhubarb.

izityalo zaqala ukuba zizilwanyana zasekhaya eRashiya bazisa kakhulu Scientist Russian, ngokuma, umhambi NMPrzhevalsky ukusuka mpuma Asia. Kamva isityalo eyafumanekayo kwiMpuma Ekude, eSiberia, eCaucasus.

Yintoni rhubarb?

Ulwahlulo echanekileyo yale sityalo zokupheka Kunzima ukunika. igqabi limnandi petioles kufuneka mhlawumbi ingabalelwa imifino eluhlaza, kodwa zimnandi efana kakhulu-apile. Ewe, kwaye zisetyenziswa xa kuphekwa kwakunye iziqhamo; nawokulungiselela ukuwavala ngenxa iipayi, compotes kunye kwemikrozo.

Ixabiso le lwesityalo ngxi yokuba siye savuthwa entwasahlobo ekuqaleni, xa iziqhamo kunye berry ekusafuneka ukuba utyatyambe ezigadini zethu. Imihlanganisela babe petioles incasa ubuncwane kwahluka precocity kunye nemveliso.

Kodwa emva umbuzo iphambili kweli nqaku: ntoni kwaye kutheni rhubarb abalimi amashumi akhule kuyo kwisayithi zabo? It is a sisityalo ongatshiyo herbaceous (usapho Polygonaceae) ngeengcambu enamandla yaphuhliswa. Le ibandakanya kumila ezimfutshane side kunye iingcambu ezinkulu.

Le elisisiqu, waqina, ukufikelela kubude eziimitha ezintathu, wambu amabala abomvu. Amagqabi rhubarb, ingabekwa iingcambu, elikhulu kunene, kunye amacwecwe amaninzi. Esiqwini amagqabi ezincinane. Rhubarb uqala ukuba utyatyambe ekuqaleni kukaJuni, pink okanye iintyatyambo ezimhlophe. Iziqhamo (peanuts brown) liyakhula kwiiveki ezimbini.

inxalenye yakhe eriyeli uyafa phaya ebusika, kodwa kumila aphile kwindawo enye eminyaka. Phantsi kweemeko zendalo, rhubarb ikhula eTshayina, e eTibet, eMpuma Ekude, emazantsi eentaba ye-Central and South Asia, eCaucasus.

A incinane

Rhubarb kulinywa kumawaka eminyaka eyadlulayo, yaye eYurophu ngamaXesha Aphakathi weza evela eTshayina. Nendlwana bazisa koma iingcambu zesityalo, leyo kuthiwa "ingcambu yellow". Baye kusetyenziswa amayeza abantu ukunyanga izifo ezininzi. Ukongeza, iingcambu zisetyenziswa njenge umbala yendalo.

Kule mihla, rhubarb lwahluma ukuvelisa amadiza okunencasa kunye nempilo, ingakumbi ethandwa kumazwe aseYurophu iingcambu amayeza, kwakunye kusetyenziswa isityalo zokuhomba emhle imbonakalo.

Wokuvuna rhubarb

Unakekelwa olululo ukulungele efanelekileyo, iphepha rhubarb ubunzima ukunyuka de ekuweni, nangona kunjalo yimveliso onyaka. Petioles iintlobo-ntlobo zokuqala ezityiwa ukususela ekuqaleni kwayo okwesibini phambi phakathi kaJuni, iintlobo zasemva kwexesha ingasetyenziswa phakathi kuJulayi. Baye ke baba abanzi, engqongqo, nasongo, ngaphandle bandisa asidi organic.

Fans zingakwazi ukuthatha kwiindiza rhubarb ngohlobo marmalade, compotes, pickles kunye kwemikrozo.

izakhiwo eziluncedo

Rhubarb etyebileyo izimbiwa kunye nezinto pectic, iivithamini. It is a imveliso yokutya apho kukho phantse nqatha. Rhubarb lubanesiphumo ukukhanya umchamo, kwandisa umsebenzi esiswini secretory yaye kuphucula nokwakheka negazi. Rhubarb kuba luncedo ekuphuculeni imeko yesikhumba.

iintlobo rhubarb

Namhlanje, i amasimi nemiyezo zifumaneka njenge varietal kulinywa iintlobo zezityalo neentlobo zasendle. ethile Recent enomtsalane, elula yesondlo.

• Rheum officinale. Luphawulwa ubungakanani omkhulu: iimitha amagqabi lwezityalo enye enesiqingatha ubude, kunye yokudubula ingadluli kubude yendoda.
• Rheum nobile. Isityalo Iifomu i "sasibhalwe" eziphakamileyo, eliquka amacwecwe amakhulu sheet metal yenyuka.

• Rheum palmatum. Igama lakhe yesibini - tangugsky. Olu hlobo umdla silnorassechennye iintyatyambo bungqombela eliqaqambileyo kunye amagqabi, leyo isithsaba peduncles eziphakamileyo.
• Rhubarb i imifuno. Olu hlobo kuyacetyiswa njengoko izityalo egadini. Imihlanganisela yale zezinto eziphilayo petioles lalingqingqwa kwaye kamnandi, kunye incasa ezimnandi, kwaye lukhuni.

Rhubarb: ezahlukeneyo (eyaziwa kakhulu)

Namhlanje, kukho angaphezu kwekhulu neentlobo esi sityalo, kodwa eRashiya ngokubanzi, hayi zonke.

• Ezahlukeneyo Victoria - enye yokuqala neyona nemveliso. A zokuhlolwa omkhulu. ubude petiole ayidluli iisentimitha 60. Ngokutsho begadi, Victoria iindidi unalo ethile - eneentyatyambo luninzi kakhulu.
• Moscow-42 - enye iintlobo okuqala kunye nezivuno ephakamileyo incasa elihle. Ubude petioles - iisentimitha asixhenxe, kwaye ubukhulu yabo iisentimitha ngaphezu kwemithathu. Petioles agudileyo, waziqaba eziluhlaza yaye band elibomvu emazantsi.

• Ogre 13 - eliphakathi-high-wokuthobelana ezahlukeneyo. Akhona eXcellent iphuhlise kwaye uvelisa amadiza izithunzi. Inyama eshinyene elide neziqu bathambile kwaye iindaba zimnandi. Kwakheka kwi ezimbini yokuphuma sisityalo okuzala.
• Krupnochereshkovy - iintlobo kwangethuba kakhulu, nto leyo eyenza nerozi esinamandla amagqabi, petioles kunye nombala emnyama obomvu. ubude zabo engadlulanga-60 cm kunye nobubanzi 2.5 cm. Zinelungelo incasa ezimnandi kunye yintlama ethambileyo.

• Giant - oku uhlobo inxulumene emva kwexesha, nto leyo kwalunga lokuvuna, xa iintlobo yokuqala sele iyatyayamba lukhuni. Petioles zinkulu, ukuya kutsho kwimitha omnye ubukhulu ngeesentimitha eziyi-kane, ebomvu.

ukutyala rhubarb

A ziindawo zokutyala izityalo, ungakhetha phantse naluphi na uhlobo - ukuba uziva ezinkulu, umthunzi buso, xa izakhiwo, phakathi kwemithi. Rhubarb iqabaka kunye emelana neembalela, kuba uye inkqubo ingcambu. Kodwa Kukhethwa ukuba umhlaba phantsi kwetyholo ukuba cala, nentwana ngodongwe, ukuze alondoloze ngcono ukufuma, apho udinga rhubarb. Ukutyala lwenziwa emva ukumba pre nesabelo salo ezilungileyo kuyo zikwenza izichumiso eziphilayo kunye nezintsonkothileyo, nothuthu.

imbewu Rhubarb isityalo inqweneleka ebusika nangoko abasisigxina. Baya sikhule entwasahlobo, ngokukhawuleza ukuseka esitalini zero lobushushu. Namahlumela Akukho koyika kuneqabaka ezimfutshane -7 ° C.

Kwisiza esinye Rhubarb unako ukukhula eminyaka. Kodwa ke eqinileyo ekuhambeni kwexesha, amagqabi zincinane, iindiza baphelelwe juiciness wabo ubumnandi. Ngokuba isihlalo iintlobo yemifuno enqwenelekayo yonke leminyaka. Kuyinto elide, ngoko ke xa utyala ityholo kufuneka abonelele izondlo iminyaka emininzi.

Oko umele ukwazi ngokulima rhubarb?

Ukutyala busenza ukuba ubukho kwemingxuma lokumisa enkulu kangangoko, phantse ngokufanayo phantsi izityalo isiqhamo :. Ubunzulu bazaliswa kumhlaba otyebileyo kunye nomgquba-50 cm. Emngxunyeni nganye kuyimfuneko ukwenza kangangesandla uthuthu kunye superphosphate.

ukunakekela

Emva kokuvuna, wondla ngetyholo, podsypaya phantsi kwakhe ibhakethi wamatye nezimbiwa nezichumiso. Entlakohlaza umhlaba kuphela phantsi kwetyholo evakalala, waseza njengoko kuyimfuneko. Entlakohlaza bangondliwa iintlobo kuphela zokuhomba, njengoko amagqabi kunye izithole musani ukuya kutya.

Rhubarb yi nabalulamileyo kwaye kulula kukhathalelo ithwala iimpazamo ezincinane wokufama. Ukunyamekela lo sityalo na ngokufanelekileyo elula, ukumelana nawo ngendlela negadi abo basandula kuqalisa. Uthi le manyathelo alandelayo:

• bezikhulule kunye umhlaba entwasahlobo, emva kokuba efudumeleyo-up;
• ekwindla imba umhlaba ukuya kubunzulu-30 cm;
• yokuvuna ukuba yaxhuzulwa, hayi ukusika eziqwini;
• acuthe inxalenye eriyeli zesityalo phezu kukuvela iintsuku zibe luzizi.

top-nesiya

ukunakekelwa izityalo kuquka ukutyebisa zibambelele ngokusekelwe:

• ukuwa kungekho ngaphantsi kwe ezisibhozo buziikhilogram umanyolo eziphilayo imitha square (umgquba umgquba okanye umgquba) nganye;
• emthonjeni wenziwe 30 iigrem Ammonium Nitrate, nekufuneka luphunyezwe kwidama kunye superphosphate kunye potassium ityuwa;
• ngexesha nganye kufuneka senziwe kanye phantsi kwetyholo kokwakhiwa ilandelayo: iilitha ezilishumi zamanzi kufuneka kongezwe itispuni (kunye isilayidi) nitrophosphate urea icephe kunye 500 grams mullein.

buphindwe

Ngoko ke, safumanisa ukuba rhubarb nendlela ukukhula egadini. Kuhleli ukuxelela olunokuveliswa njani, xa ufuna ezininzi kwezithungu luncedo okumnandi.

Rhubarb into ezityalwe iimbewu kunye ngokukha. Le ukhetho yesibini kubandakanya ukwahlulwa bush abadala (iminyaka eyi hayi ngaphezulu kwe ezintlanu). Olu hlobo kucetyiswa ngexesha lonyaka lokudubula kweentyatyambo.

Ulwahlulwa-ityholo eyenziwe entwasahlobo okanye ukuwa ekuqaleni (kude iqabaka). Wemba ityholo yahlulwe ziinxalenye eziliqela. Ifanele lokutyala iingcambu impilo liqhina ezimbini okanye ezintathu ezinkulu apical, leyo nzulu ungadlulanga iisentimitha ngaphezu ezimbini.

Ukuba ukhetha ezizalayo iimbewu rhubarb, kufuneka zifakwe emanzini iiyure ezilishumi. Ukuqokelela imbewu ityholo bakhe, Gqitha kuphuhliswa kakhulu sisukela kwisityalo seminyaka emithathu. Xa ithupha zibe mdaka, imbewu angaqokelelwa aphinde wome.