Yintoni OSCE? Ukubunjwa mission kunye OSCE ababukeleyo

Yintoni OSCE? Imbali yale nhlangano. Ngowe-1973, kwaqhutywa intlanganiso ngamazwe ukuxoxa intsebenziswano kunye nokhuseleko eYurophu (CSCE). Bathatha inxaxheba amazwe 33. Yaphela ukusayinwa iintloko e Helsinki amazwe kunye noorhulumente isenzo, nto leyo eye yaba yinkqubo yexesha elide of action ukwakhiwa elinoxolo, wentando yesininzi nohlumayo Europe enye. Umbutho i isitshixo i-European Community. Kuye namagunya abanzi ukusombulula iingxabano ezahlukeneyo, esweni amalungelo oluntu kumazwe athile, ulawulo wokhuseleko kokusingqongileyo.

Evolution of mbutho

Yintoni OSCE? Ngokutsho Helsinki amalungiselelo okugqibela imiyalelo engundoqo imisebenzi zombutho iquka le miba ilandelayo ephathelele kukhuseleko yaseYurophu: intsebenziswano kwiinkalo yenzululwazi, uqoqosho, ubugcisa, okusingqongileyo, koluntu kunye namanye amacandelo (amalungelo oluntu, ulwazi, inkcubeko, imfundo). Eli OSCE Mission. yayiba ezibalulekileyo zenkqubo Helsinki waye intlanganiso States Parties e Belgrade (1977-1978 GG.), Madrid (1980-1983 GG.), Vienna (1986-1989 gg.).

Yaduma olukhulu Kwintlanganiso inxaxheba States OSCE kwelona nqanaba liphezulu e Paris (we-1990), Helsinki (we-1992), Budapest (we-1994), Lisbon (imizuzu 1996) kunye Istanbul (th 1999). Ngenxa yoko le kumaziko ngcembe yaye bagqiba ukwenza isithuba sikaNobhala-Jikelele (1993rd) kunye neBhunga isigxina CSCE ifumene iimpawu yombutho lommandla ngamazwe. Ngokungqinelana nesigqibo Summit Budapest ngo-1995, i-CSCE itshintshe igama layo ukuya OSCE. Ziqonde izifinyezo for Security neNtsebenziswano eYurophu.

Ngowe-1996, kwintlanganiso Lisbon iintloko mazwe inxaxheba izigqibo ezibalulekileyo kakhulu kunye namaxwebhu athathwa. Okokuqala, le nto besisoloko sichazwa ukhuseleko yaseYurophu kwinkulungwane yama-21. Kwakumalunga imfuneko kunikwe kwakho iYurophu entsha ngaphandle kwemida kunye imigca ngokwahlula intetho. Eneneni, olu xwebhu yaba isiseko nokudalwa European Union. Okwesibini, sele zihlaziyiwe CFE iSivumelwano (iSivumelwano on eziQhelekileyo ngemipu Forces).

Yintoni OSCE? Namhlanje, amalungu yombutho amazwe 56, kuquka zonke yaseYurophu, iposi-eSoviet, Canada, eUnited States Mongolia. Oku kuvumela mbutho ukuya OSCE ukusombulula iingxaki ezininzi ehlabathini. igunya layo ibandakanya uluhlu enkulu ngeembuzwano amanqanaba wamajoni-kwezopolitiko, indalo, ezoqoqosho kunye nesayensi. Iinjongo ze yombutho: counter-ubugrogrisi, ulawulo iingalo, okusingqongileyo kunye nokhuseleko koqoqosho, ukhuselo lwentando yesininzi kunye namalungelo oluntu, kunye nabanye abaninzi. Amazwe besive OSCE abe iwonga elilinganayo. Izigqibo zenziwa kusetyenziswa isivumelwano. Kukho ngamaziko ahlukeneyo OSCE. Ntoni na, siya kwenza ngezantsi.

imigomo

Umbutho igxile iinzame zayo kuthintelo ezahlukeneyo ungquzulwano zengingqi kunye nokuhlaliswa iingxabano neentlekele, nokuphelisa imiphumo emfazwe, njalo-njalo. N. Indlela eziphambili yokugcina ukhuseleko kunye nezisombululo ukuphumeza iinjongo eziphambili lombutho ngaba iindidi ezintathu izixhobo. Iqela lokuqala luquka:

• ulawulo ye zixhaphakile;
• imisebenzi ekwakheni ukuthembana kunye nokukhuthaza ukhuseleko;
• amanyathelo bozakuzo ukuthintela iingxaki ezahlukeneyo.

Udidi lwesibini luquka ukhuseleko kwinkalo yezoqoqosho kunye nendalo. Udidi lwesithathu iquka zonke ezinxulumene namalungelo oluntu, inkululeko yesazela, njalo-njalo. Zezi:

• imisebenzi yamalungelo abantu;
• esweni unyulo kumazwe ahlukeneyo;
• ukukhuthaza ukuphuhliswa kwamaziko entando yesininzi.

Kufuneka iqondwe into yokuba izigqibo OSCE kaThixo zengcebiso kwaye ayikokubambana ngendlela. Noko ke, bona onentsingiselo enkulu kwezopolitiko. Abasebenzi lombutho ungabantu 370 kwizikhundla zobunkokheli kwaye 3.5 amawaka umsebenzi lamaphulo endle.

summit

Summit wabiza intlanganiso nabameli kumazwe inxaxheba kwelona nqanaba liphezulu. Bona ummeli Forum kunye inxaxheba IiNtloko zoMbuso nezooRhulumente, eyayibanjelwe ngokuqhelekileyo zonke emibini ukuya kwiminyaka emithathu ukuze baxoxe meko kummandla ukhuseleko kunye nozinzo kummandla OSCE, ukuthatha izigqibo ezifanelekileyo, nokumisela indlela eziyintloko imisebenzi lombutho kwixesha elifutshane elide amathuba.

IBhunga laBaphathiswa kunye neBhunga esisiGxina

IBhunga iintlanganiso Ministers zihoywa yi aBaphathiswa leMicimbi yangaPhandle yamalungu States lo mbutho. Nguye lo engundoqo kwezigqibo kunye namabhunga olawulo ezikolo ukuze OSCE. IBhunga abasisigxina - iyingxenye esebenzayo, apho kwinqanaba Abameli abasisigxina States Parties yabamba iindibano yezopolitiko, izigqibo kuyo yonke imiba yemisebenzi yangoku OSCE. KPCS Iiseshoni PS nolubanjwa qho ngoLwesine eVienna.

INdibano zePalamente

OSCE Organization yeNdibano yayo kwePalamente. iiseshoni KPCS zibanjwa kabini ngonyaka kunye nenkxaso ye-PA Secretariat, ibekwe eCopenhagen. OSCE USihlalo-wadibana ne-PA rhoqo, azise nxaxheba malunga umsebenzi wombutho. PA uMongameli inyulelwa ithuba lonyaka omnye.

nonobhala

OSCE Secretariat, ogama umsebenzi ekhokelwa uNobhala Jikelele, ilawula amaziko mission nentlangano ajongana eUnited Lungu, ukhonza imisebenzi kwezinye amabhunga olawulo, ukuqinisekisa ukuphunyezwa neenkomfa ezahlukeneyo, inxaxheba kwimicimbi yolawulo mali, inkqubo yabasebenzi, linoxanduva nonxibelelwano kunye nemibutho yamazwe ngamazwe, ucofe uze t. d. looNobhala ibekwe e Vienna (Austria), ne-ofisi emva e Prague, (Czech Republic). Ukuphucula ukusebenza looNobhala kunye namanye amaziko iinqwelomoya yezoqoqosho kunye nokusingqongileyo ukususela ngoJanuwari 1998 isithuba Co-ordinator of OSCE lezoQoqosho kunye nemigangatho bume.

USihlalo-in

Yintoni OSCE? Ubuso lombutho kunye nani enkulu sezopolitiko usihlalo yangoku. Unoxanduva uququzelelo thethwano lwangoku kwezopolitiko. Xa umsebenzi wayo, uSihlalo encediswa:

• Ngobe nelandela ukuba basebenze kunye naye kwifomathi trio.
• amaqela eneeMfuno eziZodwa, unike naye.
• abameli Personal, nabo oqeshwe nguSihlalo, kunye namalungiselelo igunya ethile kwenkcazo kuluhlu iingxaki kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo yolwazi lo OSCE.

Office for Amaziko Democratic kunye namaLungelo oLuntu (ODIHR olufinyeziweyo)

Esi sakhiwo lula ukubanjwa kunyulo lwentando yesininzi eUnited Ilungu (kuquka ukuthumela lokuqaphela yonyulo lamaphulo), kwakunye nokunika uncedo kukhuthazo kwamaziko entando yesininzi kunye namalungelo oluntu, ukuqinisa iziseko uluntu kunye ukulawula komthetho. ofisi ODIHR e Warsaw.

UMkomishinala High on abambalwa kaZwelonke (HCNM)

Le igosa linoxanduva yokulumkisa kwangethuba lweemfazwe ebandakanya imiba abambalwa yesizwe. HCNM Secretariat e The Hague.

ummeli inkululeko media

Oku kuphumela esemthethweni amaqela ithi kunye neemfanelo zabo kwinkalo eendaba. Indawo ummeli eendaba kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza eyiyo intlalo evulelekileyo ngokwentando yesininzi, kwakunye oorhulumente ingxelo kubemi balo. OSCE, eli ziko wadalwa kuka 1997.

OSCE mission

umsebenzi Mission njenge uhlobo 'yasendle "ngesakhiwo OSCE. Ngo-mpuma eYurophu, zikhona e Albania OSCE Mission ukuya Bosnia and Herzegovina, eMakedoni, iCroatia, Serbia, Kosovo (eSerbia). E Eastern Office Yurophu e Minsk Mission ku Moldova Project Co-ordinator eUkraine. In the South eCaucasus: mission OSCE e Georgia, ii-ofisi e Yerevan kunye Baku, ummeli uSihlalo-Karabakh. E Central Asia: imishini e Tajikistan, Centre OSCE e Almaty, Ashgabat, Bishkek, Tashkent. La maziko zizixhobo ezibalulekileyo kwimiba nokuthintelwa ungquzulwano kunye nolawulo lobunzima endle. OSCE abantu benze imisebenzi yabo amabala ezininzi ashushu kunye nemimandla ungquzulwano.

Forum Economic and Environmental

Esi siganeko saminyaka, eyayibanjelwe ukwenzela ukunika amandla okuqhubela phambili kuqoqosho States Parties. Kananjalo kwenzeka ukwenza iingcebiso amanyathelo ezenziwayo ekunyuseni intsebenziswano kwezoqoqosho phakathi kwamazwe amabini.

I-Forum for Security Co-operation

Le umzimba uphumeza umsebenzi wayo ngokusisigxina eVienna. Luquka abameli okudluliswa kwamagunya inxaxheba States OSCE bazibandakanya kwingxoxo imiba yolawulo iingalo, izixhobo, ukuzithemba-isakhiwo kunye namanyathelo zokhuseleko.