Yintoni nesini njengesibizo? Njengoko ichaziwe?

Rhode kwezibizo - udidi igrama, esizibonakalisa ithuba wezibizo idityaniswe iintlobo ezithile lamagama ekwavunyelwana. uhlobo kwihlelo lungabonakaliswa semantically (ukutsho oko, phakathi kwentsingiselo, vusa izibizo kuphela), ibhalwe ngegrama echanelekileyo kwaye syntactically. Semantically, zonke izibizo zibe oyindoda, esobukhomokazi kunye neuter. Amagama ebonisa izilwanyana kunye amaduna njengendoda (mzalwana, utatomkhulu, umfundi, irhanisi, umqhagi, ihashe); izibizo, amagama izilwanyana kunye nabasetyhini (nodade, umakhulu, umfundi, irhanisi, inkuku, ihashe) - nababhinqileyo; izilwanyana abantu ngaphandle kokujonga ngesondo (ndiyingwenya na, ndiyingwenya na, umntu (abantu), mntwana) - neuter.

Rhode izibizo ngokwegrama kubonakaliswa ngokusebenzisa ekupheleni kwimeko nominative. Olu didi njenge uhlobo bokuhlala ziyaphila kunye nezibizo ezingaphiliyo pas. Kulo mzekelo, ukongeza ukuya kwisizukulwana 3 eziphambili bodwa isini nokuba eqhelekileyo. Umahluko phakathi kwabo ziboniswa kule theyibhile ingezantsi:

Syntactically ukucacisa isini ye yesibizo nga thethwana ngohlobo yokukhuluma, kuxhomekeke kwimo evumayo. Ngoko ke, communions, izichazi, amanani olandelelwano, iyavumelana izibizo ubudoda eziphela -s, afane, th (a igadi entle, inkwenkwe lomculo, amajoni yokulwa); kunye nezibizo zobufazi - on the Star, -yaya (isitalato ezintle, ihlobo lixesha); kunye nezibizo neuter - to retracement, kwalo (isibhakabhaka esihle, ubusika kusasa). Kwakhona, izibizo uhlobo ugqibe ngokusebenzisa ukuvalwa isivisa evakaliswe nesenzi kwixesha elidlulileyo kwi mood esimo okanye kubonisa okanye ebelidlula okanye isichazi elifutshane. Yindoda - isivisa has a isiphelo zero (imvula Kwadlula, esi sicwangciso senziwa); esobukhomokazi - le -a ophela (umsebenzi ugqityiwe, inyanga wavuka); neuter - le kuyoze ophela (unobumba ifumanekile, ilanga uvukile).

Kukho izibizo indeclinable. Abaninzi kubo bangamalungu kwisini neuter (elugcinweni, udliwano-ndlebe nabo bonke substantivized izibizo nesklonyaemy ezifana "hello", "akuvuselele,", "ewe", "ngomso", "Andifuni"). Ngaphandle oku kulandelayo:

- hectares (ha), ikofu, poppy, isohlwayo, suluguni, sirocco, izithsaba, neenkanyamba, shimmy, kunye namagama iilwimi (Bengali, Urdu, Suomi, Pashto, Hindi) - ukuba yindoda;

- Avenue, bere, salami, kohlrabi - esobukhomokazi.

Rhode izibizo indeclinable, ezifana amagama indawo, amagama amaphephandaba, iimagazini, ungenza imiselwe uhlobo isibizo kunye nexabiso kombono generic (abazizityebi (Lake) Ontario, IsiJapanese (isixeko) Tokyo, ububanzi (uMlambo) Mississippi, epapashwe (iphephandaba) "Times") . izifinyezo Rhode kufuneka imiselwe yohlobo igama eziphambili (MSU - sobudoda - Moscow State University, iZizwe eziManyeneyo - nababhinqileyo - iZizwe eziManyeneyo, i ico - neuter - i-Commonwealth of Independent States). Misela izibizo kowazo ezingasetyenziswayo kwi isinye, kodwa kuphela xa isininzi, akunakwenzeka, njengoko kungekho uhlobo wodidi (ibhulukhwe, neefolokhwe, Pasta, enkulisa).