Yintoni na isiseko theoretical?

ubomi Modern litshintsha ngokukhawuleza kangangokuba umntu onyanzelwayo ukuba alungise rhoqo izicwangciso zabo, ukuphuhlisa, yaye ngenxa yale njongo ukusebenzisa isiseko ethile theoretical kuzo zonke msebenzi.

technology Design kwezesayensi mihla

Ngenxa ukuhamba omkhulu lolwazi, oluba umntu namhlanje, kusebenziseka ethile kuyilo ezifunyenwe iindlela mass zokufundisa. Kwinkulungwane yama-21, isiseko theoretical component phando ayisekho ngaphandle kokusebenzisa indlela zophando. Nokuba ubomi bomntu akazalani imisebenzi lwezenzululwazi, ngaphandle iiprojekthi kunye nezifundo nzima ukuba ukukhuphisana kwihlabathi lanamhlanje. Kubantu abaselula izidanga bazive bezithembile ebomini, kuwo onke amanqanaba emfundo kangangoko ubuninzi usebenzisa iziseko theoretical component komsebenzi: yoyilo, uphando.

imfundo Russian njengesiseko ulwazi lwenzululwazi

Ukuba ootitshala bezikolo Soviet sasisebenzisa isiseko yeengcingane, efundisa izifundo ezahlukileyo, ngoku kukhethwa iindlela ezisebenzayo kuqeqesho. iisayikholojisti zasekhaya ootitshala ekuphuhliseni ezintsha nobuchwepheshe yezemfundo, apho isiseko theoretical component sifundo, intw 'eksperimenti ngokupheleleyo. Of umdla kuboniswa kwiziphumo ezifunyenwe ziingcali yaseYurophu, ngubani amashumi eminyaka baye basebenzisa ngempumelelo kwinkqubo yoqeqesho, hayi kuphela iziseko theoretical component data ukufunda, kodwa ungeze uphando practical.

nemiba yeengcingane

Abazi lunenjongo ezintsha usoloko uquka isiseko theoretical ukuba ukuyilwa kwalo mbutho. Ngaphandle ukusetyenziswa iingxaki zophuhliso lwenzululwazi nobugcisa kunye nendlela yoyilo, awukwazi ukuphatha Ukuphuculwa kweenkqubo zemveliso. Onenjongo, izinto ezintsha abazi, kuphuhliswa kwakubekwe kwaye zisekelwe ngokwenzululwazi isekelwe kwizikhundla theoretical component design. Okwangoku, akukho yesayensi iingxaki methodology kunye noyilo ubuchule akakwazi ukulawula inkqubo ukuguqulwa. Imiba enxulumene kuyilo zaqwalaselwa imisebenzi zezazinzulu Russian angaphandle: V. N. Burkova, YV Gromyko, EI Mashbatsa USEBENZE Radionova. Ukusuka isiseko theoretical lokwenza iziboniso zokufunda ezintsha ngokusondeleyo ezinxulumene M. M. Potashnik, EA Yamburg.

iimpawu lwesigama

Kangangexesha elide elide ezifana "iprojekthi", esetyenziswa ikakhulu endle zobugcisa. Kwaye malunga nophuhliso kwamaxwebhu ezintsonkothileyo. Okwangoku, indlela kuyilo sisiseko theoretical component kwiinkalo ezininzi zezinto ezenziwa luluntu: iincwadi, imidlalo yeqonga, ubugcisa, umculo. Ngokomzekelo, xa ucinga umbuzo ngokubaluleka zocwangciso yentlalo abazali, abafundi, eli ligatya phando kukukhangela ukuba ukubaluleka umfuniselo enjalo.

I algorithm yeprojekthi

Kukho ezinye isiseko theoretical kuphuhliso nayiphi na iprojekthi, nokuba khona. Ukuze uqale hypothesis, oko kukuthi, ingcamango eziya ukuphikisa okanye qinisekisa emva kokuvala phantsi. Umzekelo, ukuba ngaba uceba ukufunda zentlalo neziphakamiso ungakhetha ukuba ukunika abafundi izakhono lomsebenzi weprojekthi kwimisebenzi zemfundo yezifundo.

Okulandelayo, khetha i nxaxheba ngqo kumsebenzi: nabameli boluntu, abazali, ootitshala, abafundi.

Xa iithagethi sentlalo uthathe ingqalelo iziseko yeengcingane yolawulo, ezichaphazela lo mbutho. Kuxhomekeka kwicala le projekthi; kuba umsebenzi:

• ukufunda isiseko theoretical component umsebenzi (imfundo, ukhenketho, ukuvelisa);
• ukuveza ukubaluleka ukuphunyezwa le projekthi;
• ukufunda amava iinkampani - okhuphisana.

Xa inyathelo elilandelayo umiselwa ngokubaluleka komsebenzi, ukubaluleka kwayo ithiyori kwaye aluncedo. Le projekthi luquka intshayelelo, izibalo, uhlalutyo kwimarike, isiphelo, ibhibliyografi, intshayelelo injalo, ngokunjalo nemingcipheko kwezoqoqosho.

Umsebenzi weprojekthi Base

Design - isiseko theoretical component umsebenzi nayiphi na inkampani. Okuhlanganiswe ekuqaleni zotshintsho kwezokwakha. Le ngxaki ezininzi, kufanelekile ngokulinganayo kuzo zonke iindidi zemisebenzi. Ukuba uyilo ithathwa ngokuba njengesakhi esibalulekileyo ebomini womntu mihla, ngenxa yokuba ngamnye kuthi kufuneka itshokhwe ngaphandle iinjongo ezithile kukusebenzela ukuzalisekisa kwazo. Ngenxa yokuba ezi nkqubo elizimeleyo le misebenzi, ukuba ngaba into zenkcubeko nezembali. Lo msebenzi ingqalelo ekrelekrele, kuba ngaphambi 'uzama "kwakhe izinto ngokwenene, kuyimfuneko ukuqikelela, ukuphanda, ukuvavanya, ukuqikelela imiphumo iingcamango. Ngenxa isiseko loyilo yenzululwazi, kukho ukudalwa kwemisebenzi ezintsha, ukwandisa imimango ukujongwa kwabantu. Kukho iinkalo ezithile zale projekthi:

• relatedness kwalo elizayo;
• orientation ukuba urhulumente eliqinisekileyo ngexesha lekhefu;
• ukumelwa njengendlela yokufikelela nkqubo elizayo;
• phambi ekuqaleni nasekugqibeleni yomsebenzi projekthi.

Xa sihlalutya isiseko theoretical component kwamashishini ngokukodwa kuphuhliso iiprojekthi, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukukhankanya indlela yokusebenza (nature).

1. Uxhulumaniso ngqo neemfuno zangoku kunye neemeko ezithile Injongo yale nkqubo.
2. Ukucacisa ukubaluleka ukwenziwa kwezigqibo engaguqukiyo kunye noxanduva.

Le ndlela usoloko ijolise ukuziqesha, ubuntu yokusebenza ebomini. Oku swi izisombululo ezisebenzayo ngxaki isondlo ebalulekileyo. Le yoko kufuneka eziphathekayo, repeatable kumsebenzi lokwenene.

ukusetyenziswa iimfuno projekthi-based

Isakhiwo sethiyori ukuba uhlalutyo akunakwenzeka ngaphandle obu bugcisa. Kubalulekile ukuba ingxaki elifuna oluhlangeneyo ulwazi. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba ufuna ukuhlola ingxaki yezibalo kwiingingqi ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi, ukuba ukufunda imvula acid, ukudala eyakho ishishini umdla lakho. imisebenzi yezandla Cognitive kunokuba umntu, iqela, ehlangeneyo. Kuzo zonke izigaba oko bekumele Ebeka subtotals. Iimpawu ze indlela projekthi kukuba onke amalungu eqela sele kwiimeko ngokulinganayo. Wonke umntu zonke izakhono ukuba ube yinkokeli, ukuba athathe uxanduva ekudaleni imisebenzi.

Ezahlukahlukeneyo isicelo iziseko theoretical component design

iziseko theoretical lombutho lweshishini benza kubonelelo ngeenkonzo musani ziyahluka kwezinye iinkalo umsebenzi. Nkqu kumaxesha amandulo kwakukho abathile kubantu, kwaye umbutho yonke, ngokubonelela ngeenkonzo zobungcali ayabiza kunye nezintsonkothileyo, efuna ulwazi olulodwa lwenzululwazi kunye nezakhono, kwakunye nezixhobo ethile. Kwinkulungwane yama-20 inkonzo yala maxesha kwiindawo ezinkulu-isikali ezenziwa ngabantu. "Inkonzo" liguqulelwe ulwimi IsiNgesi luhlobo elikhethekileyo zezinto ezenziwa luluntu, ezijolise ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ngumthengi ngokunikwa uluhlu ezithile iinkonzo.

Osondela ukuqonda kakuhle inkonzo

Ukuqwalasela iziseko yeengcingane kwamashishini kweli cala, oko wagqiba ezabelwe ubuntu babo. Inkonzo kubonwa uhlobo lomsebenzi yabantu. Kuba service sector ngoku ulinganiswa namacandelo ezinkulu ezifana zokuhamba, ezezimali, urhwebo, ushishino kunye zokuzonwabisa yezemidlalo, ezempilo, ulawulo, imfundo, inzululwazi. Kodwa kukho kudidi esekelwe iintlobo ezine ezisisiseko obenziwa ngabantu;

1. iziseko theory ukuvumela ukuba aqhube material ngokupheleleyo nolwazi zenguqu beenkonzo ezahlukeneyo, oko yanelisekile ngokupheleleyo zonke iintswelo yabemi. Umzekelo, ngemizobo, uyakwazi ukwenza ezinye izinto kunye nezixhobo zobugcisa, wokulungisa izixhobo.

2. Ngenxa iinkonzo yokuqhelaniswa cognitive, ukwanelisa ezibonakalayo kuphela kodwa iimfuno zokomoya. Umzekelo, iinkonzo zemfundo kunye lweeteknoloji ze-ICT anceda ukufundisa isizukulwana aselula lizwe, inkqubo ngendlela echubekileyo ulwazi ukuba ziqhube uphando lokujongisisa manani iziphumo nokusebenza nkampani okanye kwishishini.

3. Ngenxa uhlobo lwemisebenzi ixabiso-orientation ukucwangcisa ngokubaluleka neziphumo zentlalo nokusingqongileyo ezikhoyo umphakathi kunika uvavanyo olunzulu. Ukuba negalelo kule ntengiso, ubuchule, diagnostic, ulwalathiso yokuluka.

4. uhlobo Unxibelelwano womsebenzi yindlela yonxibelelwano phakathi kwemibutho kunye nabasebenzisi ngabanye. Kuba le ndawo zibandakanya imisebenzi yenkonzo njengoko iinkcazo-ntetho, imiboniso, iinkomfa, zonxibelelwano iinkonzo World Wide Web, uthetha-thethwano, uqeqesho ngokwasengqondweni, unxibelelwano.

Ukusebenzisa isiseko theoretical component kuhlalutyo, abameli yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo lweenkonzo ukuhlangabezana ngokupheleleyo iimfuno zabathengi. Ukuze uqonde ukuba, kubalulekile ukuba bagqwese indlela le nkonzo.

Yintoni imfuneko

Yeyona imeko yabantu, nto leyo iqalisa ngenxa iingxabano phakathi ekhoyo kuyimfuneko, kuyalelwa ukuba athathe amanyathelo ejoliswe ukususwa kwakhe. Ngoncedo inkonzo kuthatha indawo ukusombulula le ngxaki. Kukho ukwahlulwa ibe iimfuno eziziprayimari nezizisekondari. Okokuqala komzimba ngokwendalo, kaninzi bekhubazekile. Umzekelo, imfuno yamanzi, ukutya, ukulala. Le yokugqibela enemo engqondweni. Phakathi kwabo Sinokuchaza imizekelo uthando, intlonipho, impumelelo, namandla. Babonakala kuloo mntu ngokuthe ngcembe. Ekubeni wonke umntu amava abo, iimfuno zasesekondari ngaphezulu kakhulu zaseprayimari.

impucuko Modern yaseYurophu na oyile inqubo oluhlanganisa inkcubeko iwonga ekuhlaleni aphakathi, uphuhliso ngokupheleleyo ubuntu, inqanaba lemfundo. Loo nkqubo ifuna amaxabiso oluntu iimeko apho kunokwenzeka ukugqiba nenkululeko engenkqubela-phambili yobuntu. Ukuvunywa eYurophu banandiphe ezi iintlobo zeenkonzo, wabulela apho kukho uphuhliso nokwandiswa ngamnye. Europe Modern ufuna uluhlu ethile kwempahla ebalulekileyo, ezingezizo umdla seal. Inkonzo wanikela namhlanje, igxininisa bhetyebhetye, inkqubo elithambileyo neemfuno zentlalo nenkcubeko. Oku kukuvumela ukuba ukuthumela yona ibe ngendlela esikhethwe ngumsebenzisi.

Kotler wathi inkonzo sisiganeko inzuzo ngawo elinye iqela unika izibonelelo ezithile yesibini. Ukwahlula Ukrainian lunee ntlobo ezahlukeneyo ukuhlelwa kweentlobo ntlobo. Isiseko zesayensi uvumela ukuvelisa iikhrayitheriya efanayo schemes hlulo yabo yamkela kumazwe awahlukeneyo nemimandla.

umkhuba Interstate kwamanye amazwe lubonisa yokuhlelwa kwazo ngokusekelwe kweekhrayitheriya ezalanayo: umda, uhlobo lwenkonzo. Kwahlukaniswa iinkonzo typologically efanayo:

• imveliso (ulondolozo, ingqesho, ubunjineli, izixhobo ukulungisa);
• professional (insurance, zebhanki, izibhengezo, lokucebisa);
• abathengi (mass);
• zikarhulumente (imfundo irediyo, inkcubeko, umabonwakude).

Thathela ingqalelo indlela yembali imisebenzi yezoqoqosho kwanga inkonzo Unit ngokusekelwe indlela kumacandelo. Umzekelo, kukho eRashiya yanamhlanje, olusebenza ngempumelelo somhleli ezizodwa lweenkonzo ezinikezelwa kuluntu.

isiphelo

Naliphi na iziko lemfundo xa iimeko mihla ezifunekayo ukudala iimeko elilelona yophuhliso eqhelekileyo bomntu, ukuba izakhono ubuchule bokucinga njengabahleli, kuzithemba. Ngaphandle ulwazi senkolelo ukujongana imisebenzi namaziko afana akakwazi. Phakathi ubuchule ezininzi ukukhuthaza ukuzimela, ukukwazi ukumelana neengxaki ukutshintsha oluntu namhlanje, indawo ekhethekileyo bobabo ubuchwepheshe kuyilo. Akukho nqanaba umsebenzi, ukuphuhlisa ishishini akakwazi ukwenza ngaphandle olwabo uphando kunye neeprojekthi. Iinketho Isiqalo ezilungele abo wagqiba ukuzama isandla sakhe ishishini. Bona musa nje kunceda ukuba bafumane ulwazi lwezenzululwazi, kodwa ukukhuthaza izicelo zazo apha ekusebenzeni. iiprojekthi ngoku anceda ukugqiba umsebenzi othile, ukuba conceptualize umbandela ithiyori, sebenzisa ulwazi kwimeko-bume entsha.

Ukuqalisa le projekthi - kukuphuhlisa iindlela zophuhliso kwabafundi (ngokususela utyekelo zabo kunye nenzala) izibonelelo ezixhasa ukufunda nokufundisa kunye nomsebenzi wocwangciso phezu nembono ethile. Ngenxa yoko, umfundi ngamnye unikwa ilungelo lobunini ukukhetha indlela inkqubela yakho kuphuhliso eziphathekayo inkqubo elinikiweyo.

uyilo lokugqibela njalo ukunceda iziphumo indlela kwiinkalo ezithile lenkampani kwixesha zihlalutywe. Kuxhomekeka umxholo, ukubeka monopredmetnye, uphando ahlukeneyo. Ishishini lezokhenketho kufanele ukugxininisa entlanganweni iikhastoma lokuzonwabisa. Kodwa kule kwicandelo non-mveliso , ngaphandle isiseko epheleleyo yenzululwazi buyafuneka. Ngaphambi ngokunikeza imiyalelo ezithile kubathengi, abasebenzi inkampani ufunde inkcazelo eneenkcukacha malunga zonke nezo olukhenketho ukuphendula imibuzo Qinisekisa ukuba avele kubaxhasi zabo. Iinkonzo Modern ezinikwa abathengi, ukwadityaniswe nolwazi theoretical component. Kuso nasiphi na isigaba sobomi bomntu kunye nomsebenzi phezu kwindawo yokuqala kukho kukukwazi ukusebenzisa ulwazi lwenzululwazi, ngokuhlenga kwangokwaloo iimeko eyiyo, kuba kwimeko ethile.