Yintoni na endlwini? intsingiselo

Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo yobukho bomntu, indoda ibizezamandulo xa wakha yokuqala ebomini bakhe bazifihla kwimozulu, uze emva koko waya yokugubungela umngxuma, apho Walala, amasebe wakha indlu esikhusela imvula nekhephu, abantu baye rhoqo zoyiswe umnqweno intuthuzelo.

Inkangeleko zezindlu yokuqala

Abantu baye bafunda ukuba bazikhusele kwimozulu embi nangayiphi na indlela, yaye, ndakuqonda oku, zange ayeke kuphela zokhuseleko, ngokuthe ngcembe eziyingqongileyo wumbi ngokubopha eziluncedo ezahlukeneyo. Ngexesha ice ubudala, ukuba ukhangela umqolomba ezifudumeleyo, abazingeli semi-izinziswe Paleolithic ukwakha izindlu enamandla emithini, ukufunda iintaka, ezifana iindlwane zeentaka '. Iindidi yamakhaya iyamangalisa.

Zezinto kwimikhukhu

Nazi nje ezinye zazo. Yurt - indlu ukukhanya e Mongolia leyo abathuthwayo imihlambi ukusuka amadlelo omnye komnye. Round ezimilise, 6 ububanzi neemitha, lo yurt waba zahlulo-12, iyileyo wabelwa umqondiso zokuma eMpuma. Ententeni nganye kwakukho sezinyuko, ngoncedo kwezi abasemathanga bafunda ixesha kwi ray ilanga kwakungena umngxuma eluphahleni.

Kwaye e Greenland kunye Alaska, yaye mihla basaqhubeka benandipha indlu ikhephu - inaliti. Indlu silula ulwakhiwo, ukhuselo lexinene eka Arctic ebandayo. Wanqumla ipleyiti enkulu lwahamba kwenye enembonakalo lwesakhiwo maleko ikhephu zamafu. Kwikhephu urhuqa itonela ende emxinwa - isango yokuhlala. Ngaphakathi zhirnik sesibane kuvutha xa yokunyakamisa udonga lakubalela, baleka umoya obandayo, iindonga obledeniv ngoko nokwenza babe namandla. Ngaphakathi, abantu ilele phezu kwesi ngqengqelo kwekhephu ngeengcamba eziliqela zezintsu, ukupheka kwaye badle usebenzisa ukukhanyisa kunye isibane ukufudumeza-zhirniki.

izindlu mobile Special - yaranga phakathi kwabantu abavela entla. Amathambo yaranga kwakukho imiqobo izibonda, nophahla zaye oluthambekileyo. Isakhiwo lonke wakhonza kunye khumba adle, emgangathweni naye wayifulela ngesikhumba.

Ngendlu njengendawo esisigxina yokuhlala

Ngenxa kutshintsho indlela yokuphila, abantu baqalisa ukwakha yokuhlala isigxina - endlini. Yintoni na endlwini? Xa oku kufuneka uqonde. Yemihla ukususela ngenkulungwane ye-10 lichaza indlu endala Russian - ibhoyila-ndlu, istpka, istba, indlu. intsingiselo lungelelanisa - indlu Russian elinwabileyo.

Ngaphambili indlu yaba zezindlu engundoqo iilali Russian needolophu, kodwa iinkulungwane 17-18 kwafakwa lwasefama. Yayakhiwe iinkuni, nto zibambene nayo isithsaba, babesenza uphahla ngomthi okanye straw. zokuhombisa abakhethekileyo oqingqiweyo skate neveranda; olungaphambili Yayihonjiswe pricheliny, iitawuli, zaba nemikrolo izakhelo. kwizindlu abaninzi zophondo ngemizobo. View kwizindlu ezahlukeneyo, kunye ngeendonga ezine, kunye neendonga ezintlanu, kunye iiwindow ezintathu, ezintlanu, okanye kakhulu imigangatho yeplanga okanye zodongwe. Kodwa kufutshane imilo isikwere - kube lula ukuba shushu igumbi. Ukuze ukufudumeza cottage igumbi eluncedo osecaleni, kuloo abawayo, ngaphandle Ndiyahamba esitratweni, nto leyo ibaluleke kakhulu kwimozulu embi. Kangangethuba elide lowo njengephempe wahlala rhoqo: iindonga ezibandayo, ukuba bahlal icala elinye igumbi lokuhlala - isakhelo eshushu, kwelinye icala - indawo izinto zasekhaya kunye nobusuku ehlotyeni.

indlu abamnyama nabamhlophe

Kunzima ukuba nomfanekiso indlu ngaphandle itshimini ngaphezu kwendlu, nangemihla ezelwe, ukuba nje asinguye umsi waya emnyango okanye i window olukhethekileyo kuye. Ebizwa ase- - Cournot okanye emnyama. baba zivula ezincinane evuthelweyo (ukuphakama njengoko ububanzi log), ukuba kuyimfuneko, wabufihla uqweqwe Windows. Uphengululo eneenkcukacha imeko lwangaphakathi uncedo yokuhlala ukuqonda oko endlini. Main endlwini, Kakade ke, yaba isitovu.

Emantla kunye nombindi eziko Russian emva kodonga ecaleni oko khona indawo yokuhlala - evenkileni. Ukususela phezulu eziko kunye isithuba eludongeni ahlala yi kweshelfu. Endlini nganye kwakukho indawo aqaqambe kwiwonga - i engcwele lembombo ebomvu, apho iconostasis, iindaba ezilungileyo, amanzi angcwele. I-engile isoloko igcinwe icocekile, kwenziwa khona uninzi nemikhosi edibene ngokuzalwa, nemitshato, imingcwabo.

Kunye Ezinye iindonga indlu enguronta nezihlalo elide, kwikona malunga yaba itafile. Kubonakala ukuba indlu enguronta ezimnyama lonke ixesha ukuba mnyama kwaye liqhuma kunye uthuthu lweziko kunye ngumsi. Kodwa Cournot indlu kumangaliswa amafama esulungekile zabo: nelaphu emhlophe, iitawuli zamfakamfele phezu kweendonga, kwikona red - imivuzo abomvu ngumlilo imifanekiso. Le banyuka kusiza okumangalisayo. Ngokutsho imithetho physics kunye nolwakhiwo, kancinane entla ukukhula lomntu umda ngaphaya apho log nemithi ongentla ayifulele wambu kocolothi. Ziqhume kwakusa, zange iwela ngaphantsi kulo mda.

Yintoni na cottage emhlophe? Ngokungafaniyo yindlu chimneyless, omhlophe kwitshimini. Ngentla eziko le isitena esatsiba obekwe, oko uqokelela umsi uvela kwiziko. umsi Eminye ungena lounger tyaba ngezitena kwindawo yokugcina, lilahle ngaphandle nge kumbhobho. Ngokungafaniyo chimneyless njengephempe njengephempe waba window isakhelo ezimhlophe ivaliwe amaqamza okanye mica, kunye iminyaka zeglasi 18-19 ifakiwe kwaye itshixiwe nemivalo ngaphandle.

Igama elithi "Bhut '

Igama elithi "njengephempe" ( "yzba", "izba", "istba", "istobka", "kwibhoyila-ngendlu ') lisetyenziswa yemihla Russian kunye kudala indala. Ujongwa kwawo nesenzi "ukutshona", "ubushushu phezulu." Endlwaneni kubonisa izindlu shushu. Ke kaloku, bonke abantu Slavic elithi "kwibhoyila-ndlu," yaye oko kuthetha - isakhiwo apho itshiswa, qiniseka iziko. Izakhiwo zokuqala zokuhlala bookhokho bethu, phambi kwakukho ende yamaziko, kooronta azizange ngokuba. Igama safika ngexesha xa ezi zindlu yaba shushu. Ngoko bona ngokuba "kwibhoyila-endlwini" okanye "istba". Kwaye istby kwavela ngcembe yaye endlini.

Yintoni ase-, kuya kusinceda siqonde uhlalutyo gama. Ngokoqobo, igama elithi "cottage" yaphulwe phantsi ibe amacandelo amabini: ngaphandle (of) ukukhusela (ba). Etymologists ukuxhasa ingcamango yokuba igama elithi "istba" uye waba "ngendlela yabo" kungekudala. Ngeentsingiselo zamagama xa iisilabhili: omnye (UC) ngokuqinileyo amandla (TB), ukhusela (ba). Ngoko ke, igama elithi "istba" yaye "Bhut 'elinye intsingiselo. Meaning, njengephempe thesauruses zakwaEfrayim: "Cottage - ngamaplanga lwasefama kuloo lali okanye ngaphakathi endlwini."

Iinkolelo ekwakhiweni yezindlu

amakhaya Zezakhiwo mkhosi yaba, isiganeko okhethekileyo phantse omlingo. Yenza indlu kwakubalulekile? ukubaluleka bemiqondiso kunye wentsomi ngayo wadlala indima enkulu ebomini kunye nendlela abalimi. Kulo mzekelo, kuba kubo, umsebenzi Kubalulekile ukuseka nje kuphela uphahla phezu kwentloko yakhe ukuba yena nosapho lwakhe, kodwa nokudala indawo yokuhlala ezele ufudumale, noxolo nothando.

Le ndawo yokuhlala kunokwenzeka ukwakha kuphela eziyimithetho wookhokho babo, ukuphambuka imithetho zooyise azivumelekanga. Sibaluleke kakhulu yaba ukukhetha indawo indlu enguronta elitsha: indawo kufuneka ibe eyomileyo, phezulu, ukukhanya - yaye uninzi ukubaluleka kwakhe magic: kufuneka onwabe. Happy wacinga indawo ekuhlalwa kuyo ubomi babantu zibanjwa ngempumelelo nangokukhuselekileyo. Ezingantlanga ukuba indlu enguronta na indawo yokungcwaba ngabantu kwisiza wendlela okanye apho phambi geza.

Izinto sokwakha endlini

imithetho engqongqo isicelo ezibonakalayo ukuze sikhokelo. Russian wakhetha ukuba ukwakha indlu enguronta eyenziwe pine, larch, nespruce. Le mithi kade kwaye ngqo komboko, ezo lisongwe Mbhijele kwisakhelo, ngokugqibeleleyo walondoloza ububele ekhaya, yaye konakalisa. ukukhetha semithi mda kwinani elikhulu nezithintelo, leyo balelwa ngqo ukwaphula ukuze ufumane indlu ebizwe inkathazo. Ngoko, kuba njengephempe akuvumelekile ukuba ukugawula imithi "engcwele" - ukuba ayizise endlwini ukufa. Tabu wayeza ukugawula imithi ubudala. Akuvumelekile ukuba ukwakhiwa kooronta imithi eyomileyo, babesithi ufile. ezibuhlungu Great Kuya kwenzeka ntoni ukuba endlwini ngamaplanga iya kuba umthi "ugonyamelo", owakhulayo enze isinqumo. Oku kwakukholelwa umthi unokuwela ngaphandle kwaye mcaba abanini nendlu isakhelo. Ukwakhiwa indlu enguronta sakhatshwa inani elikhulu kwezithethe. Phantsi imithi yokuqala encinane, iifestile, iikona babeka imali, uboya, iinkozo - ufuzisela ukuchuma kunye nentlalo-ntle. Ekugqityweni bonke abasebenzi bokwakha iphathwa ngesisa.

Kutheni Andingehlambi ilinen zimdaka zikarhulumente

"Ilinen Hlamba ezimdaka esidlangalaleni" - ixabiso phraseologism umva bekholelwa ukuba umba ezingenisiweyo doti Ingabangela umonakalo kumnini ekhaya okanye amalungu entsapho yakhe, izalamane. Ukuze uphephe oku, kwabakho isiko - ayikwazi uhlambe ilinen dirty ngaphandle endlwini, kwaye kufuneka bayitshise eziko. Ngokutsho iinkolelo yamandulo, kulo doti akwazi ukufumana iinwele yakho ezahlukeneyo izinto ngazo bedevil abantu abakhohlakeleyo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ibinzana ezithandwayo "ahlambe ilinen ezimdaka esidlangalaleni" ngokwexabiso efumaneke ephathekayo njengokuba ukusasazwa nokusasazwa kolwazi malunga umkhaya uxabana kunye ungquzulwano. Noko ke, eli eli binzana kweli xesha lethu luhlala ezifanelekileyo, njengoko wafunda ingcaciso ezingakhiyo ekhaya, ukubetha izandla ephosakeleyo, maxa wambi ukwenza okubi ngaphezu unwele ezandleni, usiyazi lowo.

Kakade ke, nemiqolomba yeplanga mihla zahluke kakhulu kwezo zakhiwa kwiinkulungwane ezadlulayo, oko kunokuba a nemiqolomba iholide kunye nobume. Gqiyazana kwaye oqingqiweyo, ngoku zimele phantse umsebenzi wobugcisa.

Kwakufanele ukuba kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba abantu basoloko babefuna intuthuzelo, ubuhle kunye nentuthuzelo, eyona nto ibalulekileyo ukuze ukhumbule ngoxa imvelaphi yayo kunye nembali, kuba ngaphandle elidlulileyo, njengoko bathi, akukho elizayo.