Yintoni lexicology: inkcazelo, iinjongo, ubudlelwane kunye nezinye izifundo zesayensi

Modern Philology njenge inzululwazi iqulathe amacandelo ezininzi, nganye kuzo unikezelwa ekufundeni efumaneka kweelwimi okanye udidi. Enye yala macandelo ezinikele kudidi efana amagama. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ntoni na lexicology, yintoni na into wayo, kwaye nokuba yena ukufunda.

definition

Okokuqala, makhe siqale inkcazelo lwengqiqo uluhlu imiba engundoqo ekujongwene nayo nenzululwazi.

Lexicology - nesebe Ezolimi ukuba lifunda ulwimi, oko isigama ulwimi ngayo. Ivezwa babe isakhiwo ezimbini. Bobabini babe isicwangciso kunye nesicwangciso umxholo yokuthetha.

Ngokubanzi, inzululwazi ukufunda le miba ilandelayo:

1. nokwakheka lungelelanisa ulwimi.
2. Umlinganiselo phakathi kwamagama kunye iingqiqo ubuwasekele yona.
3. iintlobo ezisisiseko yeentsingiselo lungelelanisa - ngqo, ephathekayo.
4. Imbali ye imvelaphi yamagama, isigama.
5. Ngokutsho kwiqela, kuxhomekeke kumaxabiso zabo zesimbo, esasidla ukusetyenziswa.

amacandelo

Xa lexicology ukuchonga amacandelo ahlukeneyo kunye necandelwana.

Ezi ziquka:

1. lexicology Lilonke ukuba ufunda imithetho jikelele uphuhliso lwesigama, nokusebenza kwayo.
2. Ngokukodwa, ufunda isigama kolwimi.
3. Imbali - uhlola imbali imvelaphi yamagama, isigama indlela. Owesibini yegama layo - etymology.
4. Athelekisiweyo - izifundo isigama kweelwimi ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu, egxininisa ngayo kunye neempawu aphezulu eziqhelekileyo kubume kunye semantics.
5. lexicology Applied - a isayensi ufunda imibuzo Ezolimi, inkcubeko yokuthetha, kwakunye neempawu wokuqulunqa izichazi magama.

Unxibelelwano nezinye iinkalo

Siye safumanisa ukuba lexicology ngoku lixesha lokuba uthethe ukuba ezinye of Philology kokuba enxulumene.

Okokuqala ngokusondeleyo edibene lwezichazi, inzululwazi nokusekwa kunye nokusebenza izichazi. Injongo yokufunda lwezichazi-magama, apho ubhala zonke iinkcukacha malunga amagama - semantics zabo, iimpawu zegrama, sebenzisa ububanzi, imbali lemvelaphi. Zonke ezi data, izazinzulu bezichazimagama ezithathwe ngqo esebenzisa lexicography.

Elidityaniswe kunye etymology, inzululwazi ngemvelaphi yamagama. Xa izichazi etymological kubhaliwe kuphela intsingiselo kodwa imvelaphi yayo, imbali ukusekwa kunye nenguqu. Ngamanye amaxesha le khosi yoqeqesho "Lexicology", inkcazelo esiye lona, le etymology ayifakwanga ngo icandelo elahlukileyo.

Onomastics - inzululwazi amagama. Uhlola ukuvela kunye nokusebenza amagama - ngamagama ezokuqala nezokugqibela, amagama iidolophu, iilali, imilambo, mveliso, izinto isithuba.

Stylistics - uhlola nokusebenza kumaqela athile amagama ngendlela ethile ngokwendlela intsingiselo imvelaphi yazo, ububanzi.

Phraseology - isayensi ufunda izaci, amaqhalo kunye amazwi, indlela kuvela, ixabiso. Kaninzi kule zezifundo ngolwimi Russian kunokubonwa "Lexicology kunye phraseology" candelo, nangona ezinye ababhali zezifundo nezifundo kodwa bakhetha ukwenza zibe kumacandelo amabini kolu phando.

zifundo

Familiarization ne lexicology, njengayo nayiphi na isebe Ezolimi, iqala esikolweni. Ukususela grade yesihlanu, abantwana bafumana kwiziseko - chaza oko lexicology, bafunde ukwahlula phakathi ntonye, izichasi, kunye Izikweko, nithabathe iyileyo indoda iperi kubo, uthethe ngale Izichasi nokwahluka welizwi, cinga paronymy nesenzeko. Okulandelayo Ndaziswa eludinini esebenzayo ngqo, oomaleko ezahlukeneyo isigama - slang, lwaso, iilwimi, kantselyarizmami.

Ukuphuhlisa abafundi izakhono kunye nokusebenza kunye nezichazi-magama - sibafundisa ukuba bafumane amagama athile ukufunda ngokuchanekileyo amangeno ukucatshulwa ulwazi oluyimfuneko.

Kwisikolo aphakamileyo, olu lwazi ngokuphindaphindiweyo, nokumisa nokugxininisa.

Ukufunda eyunivesithi

I-Faculty of Philology icandelo study "Lexicology" ulwimi Russian iqala kunyaka wesibini. Ngethuba lekhosi, abafundi dismantle iingqiqo ezisisiseko lexicology, maleko isigama isifundo imvelaphi, ezahlukeneyo esebenza, amathuba zesimbo kweeklasi kunye namaqela amagama.

Ingakumbi ukufunda ngenyameko iingqiqo ezifana ntonye, izichasi, Upelo neempawu kunye homonymy, ipharonimi. Ngelo xesha baziqhelanise abafundi isigama ezahlukeneyo. Lidla le khosi ibandakanya phraseology kunye, kususwa kuye izifundo ezimbalwa.

Kwakhona, kaninzi ngexesha elifanayo ukufunda lwezichazi lexicology, egxininisa oko ngendlela ekhethekileyo eyahlukileyo.

iziphumo

Siye safumanisa ukuba lexicology kukuthi, yintoni na iindawo eziphambili zomsebenzi noko Philology, ukhululekile kakhulu zihlobene. Le ukufunda eli candelo Ezolimi iqala esikolweni kwaye ekufundiseni kwiYunivesithi kwi-Faculty of Philology ulwazi wafumana ngaphambili lwakhula ngcono.