Yintoni endikunika umntwana ezinyangeni ezi-5? Imifuno kunye neziqhamo ze-puree kubantwana

Imibuzo malunga nexesha lokungeniswa kokutya okuqhotyoshelweyo kunye nohlu lweemveliso eziyamkelekileyo kwinyanga nganye zineempendulo ezahlukeneyo eziphikisanayo. Emva kwakho konke, iminyaka engama-20 ukuya ku-30 edlulileyo, abantwana banikezwa izitya zokuqala zabantu abadala, ngendlela yamaconsi ejusi kwinyanga yesibini neyesithathu ebomini, namhlanje akuvumelekanga, kwaye ixesha lokuqhelana nemveliso emitsha lihlehliselwe kwiinyanga ezi-5-6. Ukongezelela, imigaqo kunye nokulandelelana kokutya kuyatshintsha. Abanye oomama bazifumana bebunzima kwaye abanako ukugqiba oko kunokunikwa umntwana kwiinyanga ezi-5? Ukuze siqonde le nto, kufuneka sicinge ngolu hlobo lwesimo sengqondo sososayensi, esekelwe kwiminyaka emininzi yamava kunye nemisebenzi yophando.

Ukuqala nini?

Emva kokuba kwenziwe uphando olunzulu kwintsimi yokutya amaqhekeza kumazwe ahlukeneyo ehlabathini, i-WHO iye yavelisa iingcebiso ezona baninzi babantwana kunye noomama bayavumelana. Bathi ukutya kokutya okuncedisayo kunikwa kwiinyanga ezintandathu ezongezelelweyo ngaphezu kokuncelisa.

Ngokwenzayo, namhlanje, iingcali zezingane zihambelana neendlela ze-WHO kwaye zincoma ukuba abantwana ngokukhula okuqhelekileyo, ubunzima, amazinga ezempilo kunye nophuhliso luhlala kwi-5.5 okanye kwiinyanga ezintandathu. Ukunyuka komntwana weenyanga ezi-5 kucetyiswa ukuba kuqale kumcimbi apho umntwana edla umxube olungisiwe. Ingakumbi le ncomo ifanelekile kwiintsana ezinobunzima bomzimba, isondlo esingenasiphelo okanye, ngokuchaseneyo, ngesigxina sokulamba, kunye neengxaki ekuphuculweni ngokomzimba (ukuba i-hemoglobin ephantsi, i-rachitism kunye nabanye ibonwa).

Imveliso evumelekileyo

Emva kokuqonda ixesha lokuqalisa, oomama babuza umbuzo olandelayo: Yintoni enokunikwa umntwana kwiinyanga ezi-5? Injongo ephambili yokutya okuncedisayo kukubonelela ngomzimba ngamakhilomitha angaphezulu kunye namandla, ngoko ke isahlulo esilungisiweyo semveliso entsha kufuneka sibe namandla aphezulu kunye nexabiso le-vitamin-mineral value. Ngalesi sizukulwana, umntwana uqala ukubonisa ukusilela kwensimbi kunye ne-zinc, oku kuthetha ukuba unokukhetha enye yezitya zokuzikhethela: iifatata ezifihliweyo okanye i-gluten-free cereal. Ukwethulwa okuphumelelayo kokutya okudibeneyo kwenzeka - kwiiveki ezingama-2-3 ungakhetha umkhiqizo olandelayo.

Ukutya komntwana kwiinyanga ezi-5 kunokubandakanya umxube wemifuno yezilwanyana ezininzi, i-porridge kunye ne-puree kwiziqhamo. Isitya ngasinye sinemizimba yaso, ekufuneka iqondwe ukuze ingalimazi inyama ebuthathaka yomntwana.

Ukukhwela kwenyama kuya kuba yinto elandelayo, kodwa umntwana wakhe uvele ngeenyanga zesikhombisa. Intlanzi, i-cottage cheese, i-yogurt, i-yoghurt, iqanda, iibisiki kunye neerisi ziyaziswa kamva.

Imodi yamandla

Xa uneminyaka engamahlanu, umntwana udla amahlanu amahlanu ngosuku. Ukondla umntwana ezinyangeni ezi-5 ngokutya okufakelwayo kunye nokugonya ngokuphumelelayo kwezilonda kubandakanya izigaba ezinjalo:

• Ixesha lokuqala emva kokuvusa kusasa kunikwa umxube.
• Isidlo sesibini ngohlobo lwe-porridge siya kuphuma kancane umntwana emva konyaka kwi-milk full-milk breakfast. Emva kokutya, unokwenza i-dessert-puree yeziqhamo.
• Ixesha lesithathu kwidlo sasemini ye-crumb ifumana ubuninzi bemifuno.
• Isondlo sesine nesesihlanu asitshintshi: umxube oqhelekileyo.

Xa isisu sisondla iskimu sinye, iimveliso ezongezelelweyo kuphela zinikezwa kwisidlo sasekuseni sesibini kunye nesidlo sesine, kuba ikhefu le-6-8 liye lahlulwa kunye nencipha kwinkqubo yokulahla emzimbeni kamama.

Imifuno

Inxalenye yokuqala yokukhetha yokudla kwabantu abadala i-puree yemifuno.
Iqukethe ezininzi iifiber, amaminerali kunye namavithamini. Imifuno yokutya okudibeneyo ikhethwa xa umntu omncinci enesisindo somzimba okanye esesisisigxina okanye ingxaki ngeesitulo ngendlela yokuqhawulwa. Iimveliso ezinjalo zichaphazela ngokupheleleyo ukusebenza komgudu we-intestinal wangaphantsi.

Kukho olunye uhlobo. Ukuzama i-porridge e-sweet, ubisi obusondeleyo kwintsimi yomhlobo, imifuno inganakwa i-gourmand encinci.

Kubalulekile ukwazi oko kunokunikwa umntwana kwiinyanga ezi-5 ukusuka kwimifuno. Ukukhetha umkhiqizo wokuqala, kungcono ukukhetha ukhetho lwe-zucchini, i-cauliflower, i-pumpkin ekhanyayo okanye i-broccoli, kunye nezinye iimveliso kule minyaka azifunanga. Ukuba isityalo somntwana esitsha samukelwa kakuhle, ngoko kwiintsuku eziyi-10 ukuya ku-14 ungazama ukunikela umxube wezinto ezimbini zemifuno.

Yintoni ebhetele: ukutya okuzenzela okanye ukutya okusemathinini?

Abanye abamazi balungiselela iimvumba zabo, abanye bakhetha i-purees yemifuno yabantwana kwiikanki. Enyanisweni, ezi zimbini zikhethi zilungile.

Lungiselela isahlulo semifino yomntwana kulula, ngakumbi kwixesha lehlobo nasekwindla. Khetha imifuno yonyaka, uyibilise ngaphandle kokufaka ityuwa, uze whisk de ibe yinto epholileyo kwaye ihambelana. Kuya kuba luncedo ukuwupheka kwi-boiler kabini - kuphekwe ngokukhawuleza kwaye phantse zonke izakhi ze-vitamin zingatshatyalaliswa.

Ukutya okuvela kwimitshini akuyona into embi kakhulu, ingakumbi kuncedo ngexesha lokubhakabhaka kwexesha lasebusika, xa kwimifuno yemvelo ubuninzi bezinto ezinobuncitshisi be-vitamin-mineral decreases. Xa uthengwa, kufuneka uhlawule ingqalelo kwindlela yokwakha, iqela leminyaka, ixesha lokuvelisa kunye nokugcinwa kwexesha. Umveliso ogqityiweyo womntwana wale minyaka akufanele ube neezithako zokufakelwa kunye nenani elikhulu lezithako. Kufuneka ulungele ukuba okokuqala umama kuya kufuneka aphelise phantse yonke i-pure ephuma kwimbhobho. Yifanelekanga ngaphezu kwamahora angama-24 xa igcinwe kwifestile yefriji, kwaye ukuba ufike emva kokutya ixesha elingaphezu kweeyure ezingama-24, ngosuku olulandelayo isahlulo asiyi kufaneleka.

Porridge

Esi sidlo sininzi samagumbi amancinci adla ngokuzonwabisa. U-Kasha ubeka endaweni yesibini isidlo sesidlo sasekuseni, ukunika umntwana amandla okugcina, amaprotheni, i-fibre kunye ne-vitamin-mineral components. Isisombulula ngokupheleleyo ingxaki ngamagrams alahlekileyo, ngoko kunikwa iimbumba ezinobunzima bomzimba obuphantsi njengento yokuqala yokutya. Ukungena, kufuneka ukwazi ukuba unako ukumnika umntwana kwiinyanga ezi-5 zokutya. Kule nyaka buckwheat, ilayisi okanye ipilji yengqolowa ifanelekile. Kuphela ukutya okunjalo kubonwa njenge-hypoallergenic, kuba abanalo gluten. Olu hlobo lweprotheni lubangela intlungu ebuhlungu kubantwana kunye neengxaki kunye nenkqubo yokugqibela yokugaya. Ukuziqonda kunye ne-oatmeal efanelekileyo kufuneka ihlehliswe kwiinyanga ezisibhozo, kunye ne-manga-up to year.

Upheka njani iphariji?

Xa uneminyaka engama-5 ubudala, umntwana akufanele aphekwe kwinkomo yenkomo okanye ibhokhwe. Unakho ekubunjweni kwe-amylase, apho umzimba weemvumba ongenakukwazi ukwahlula ngenxa yokungabi nakwi-enzyme ezithile. Unokulungiselela ukukhonzwa kwipharaji ngeendlela ezimbini.

• Okokuqala - kukuhle ukubilisa i-croup ehlambulukileyo emanzini kunye nokucoca i-blender ekugqibeleni ubunzima. Ukunciphisa okanye u-salting akukhuthazwa.

• Okwesibini - ukuthenga iphariji eyomileyo yemveliso yezoshishino, ehambelana nobudala, kwisebe lokutya kwabantwana. Iphuculwa ngamacandelo e-vitamin-mineral kwaye ine-formula efanelekileyo. Le ndlela inengqiqo, kuba i-porridge ayilungiswanga nje ngokukhawuleza, kodwa nayo inomdla omnandi, ngoko ke uyithandwa kakhulu ngokutya okugcobayo.

Nini ukuzisa i-puree yeziqhamo?

Ngokutsho kweengcebiso zeengcali, ukunyanga komntwana kwiinyanga ezi-5 kuqala ngemifuno yemifuno, i-porridge iyongezwa ekudleni. Emva kokusungulwa ngempumelelo kwezinto ezidweliswe, iifatata ezifihliweyo zeziqhamo zinokunikezwa njenge-dessert eyongezelelweyo. Ivuselela ukukhutshwa kwamanye enzymes ezinomzimba kunye namathumbu. Ngokufumana ukwamkelwa okongeziweyo kunye nezinye iintlobo zeemveliso, isiqhamo sabelo asinakucasula nje i-membrane ye-digestive, kodwa sinceda ukugaya ezinye izitya ezingcono.

Ngaba ndingakwazi ukunikela iisero ezitsha kunye neziqhamo ezihlambulukileyo?

Wonke umntu uyazi ukuba iivithamini ezicebileyo ziqhamo. Ukongeza, bona, kunye namajezi amnandi okanye iziqhamo ze-purees, ziqulethe iindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-acids, i-fiber eqhelekileyo kunye ne-fructose, ngoko iyakucasula umququ wegciwane lesisu. Ngenxa yoko, imvumba ingaphuhlisa umonakalo onjalo njengento yokuhlaziywa, ukuphazamiseka kwesifo sohudo, intlungu ye-intestinal, intlungu yesisu ngenxa yobunzima begesi okanye ukukhwabanisa kwesikhumba. Ngenxa yoko, ukuqaliswa kweziqhamo ezitsha kubambezeleka kwithuba elizayo kwaye akufanelekanga kwintsana eneminyaka emihlanu.

Yintoni okufanele ibe sisiqhamo se-puree?

Xa uneminyaka engama-5 ubudala, umntwana usenokutya kuphela iziqhamo ze-purees kwiimbiza, ezilungiselelwe ngama shishini. Bahamba ngonyango lokushisa, ngoko ke ababanga ukucaphukiswa kwenkqubo yokutya kwaye amaninzi amaninzi ayinayo impembelelo. I-Puree kwiimbiza inezinto ezinjezelayo ezifana nesitashi, i-pectin kunye ne-guar gum, ebonakaliswa yimisebenzi ekhuphayo kunye neyokunciphisa. Siyabonga kubo, kwakhona, izakhiwo ezivuthayo zeziqhamo zancitshiswa. Zininzi iintlobo ze-puree zenziwe nge-mineral-vitamin compounds.

Ngaphambi kokuthenga intombazana kunye nemveliso kufuneka uyihlawule ingqalelo kwithuba lokuqina kunye nobudala obuphakanyisiweyo, kodwa nakwimeko yokwakhiwa. I-puree yefruit ayifanele ibe neeshukela, i-sweeteners, i-acids ehlukeneyo yokutya, idayi kunye nezinye. Ukuqala kwendiza kungagcinwa ngaphaya kweeyure ezingama-24 (kuphela kwishelufri yefriji).

Umama angenza iifatata ezigciniweyo kwikicini lasekhaya. Ukwenza oku, isiqhamo kufuneka sibhakikwe okanye sibiliswe, uze udibene ne-blender okanye usule nge sihlunu.

Isiqhamo esona siqhamo esifanelekileyo sesithuba esiyiminyaka emihlanu ubudala sifumaneka kwiipula, iipereya, iipummi okanye i-banana.

Imveliso yetafile

Ukuququzelela umsebenzi woomama, iingcali ziye zaphuhlisa uluhlu lweemveliso ezibandakanya isondlo somntwana, ngeenyanga. Itheyibhile engezantsi iqulethe ulwazi malunga nokutya okudibeneyo, iziphakamiso ezimfutshane kunye nenani leenkonzo ezineminyaka engama-5-6.

Izigqibo

Ngubani kunye noMphathiswa wezeMpilo waseRashiya ugxininisa ukuba ukondla umntwana ezinyangeni ezi-5 ngokuyinhloko kubandakanya ubisi lwebele okanye umxube osetyenzisiweyo. Ukulungiswa kweemveliso ezivela "kumntu omdala" kuqaliswa njengoko kuyimfuneko. Kugqityiwe nje ukuzalisa ibele okanye umxube, kodwa akukho nhlobo itshintshe ngokupheleleyo. Yingakho kweli nqanaba lophuhliso, ukuqaliswa kwezidlo ezitsha kwizinto ezininzi ezifunekayo akufanele kube yinto yokuphela komama.