Yaba igama uninakhulu Lermontov Yintoni? Ekhaya mfazi ebomini imbongi xa

Igama imbongi Russian Mihaila Yurevicha Lermontova liqhelekile wonke. Imisebenzi yakhe zifakiwe kwikharityhulam yesikolo, kwaye inkumbulo umbhali ukubhala, wemidlalo uhlala ezintliziyweni abayithandayo ezininzi italente yakhe, yaye ngoku, emva kweenkulungwane ezimbalwa. Inxalenye enkulu kule lokusekwa ubuntu enye yezona abadumileyo ababhali XIX-XX kwiinkulungwane wathabatha umakhulu wakhe. Noko ke, abo bangevanga nto ngaloo nto, buza imibuzo malunga ngubani lo mfazi. Kutheni wathabatha khathalela? yaba igama uninakhulu Lermontov Yintoni? Eli nqaku liza kuzama ukufumana iimpendulo.

Soloko apho, uhlale ecaleni

Kwiminyaka yobuntwana yokukhula umbhali elizayo isabelo layo lawisa eninzi iimvavanyo - nkqu nokuba uzaze unina wafa, eshiya unyana wakhe ebino nezalamane. uyise wabo engaganwanga, kodwa ngenxa yokuba imfundo iye kucingelwa lowo wayemthanda ngokwenene.

yaba igama uninakhulu Lermontov Yintoni? Kwaba namandla-athandileyo, umfazi eyomeleleyo, leyo yenziwe amavo owayeyazi bonke abantu elumelwaneni, kodwa wayesoloko ndaweni ecaleni. Kwakutheni ukuze loo nto? Ukuze Andifuni kwakhona sizikhumbuze, imisindo umzukulwana wakhe, uyabandakanyeka indalo. Emva kokufa imbongi indima yakhe ebomini bakhe bazakwenziwa-kwakhona. Alithandabuzeki elokuba, le nxalenye inkulu, kuba, enyanisweni, umakhulu utshintshwe nje unina, uye ube ngumhlobo kunye abancedisayo uMikhail Yurevich. yaba igama uninakhulu Lermontov Yintoni?

Naluphi na ubuhle ezibizayo uhlobo intliziyo

Elizaveta Alekseevna Arseneva wazalwa ngo-1773. Yena wayemde yaye kunokuba nzima. Kwakhona ayinako kubizwa ngokuba ezintle, kodwa ingqondo kunye ishishini lakhe iCEO yeQumrhu ukuba umona. Uninakhulu imbongi Lermontov ebeyinalo Stolypin usapho odumileyo, uyise ukhethwe kwisikhundla sokuba ngumphathi yephondo Penza. Ukongezelela intsapho yakhe wayenabantwana abalishumi.

Ngowe-1795, Elizabeth A. wazala kuphela intombi yakhe uMariya. Ngenxa yeengxaki zempilo yakhe inxalenye nemazi komyeni - Michael V. - wamthanda ummelwane wayo, mhlaba. Umfazi wayengekho ezamahala, nto leyo eyabangela isigqibo uMikhail athathe ityhefu ebulalayo.

Wasala yedwa nentombi yakhe, ikamva uninakhulu Lermontov kaThixo, Elizabeth A., single-handedly ukulawula igama leyo, ndimele ndivume, ngelo xesha kubhekwe abazizityebi: ekhoyo, kwakukho malunga nekhulu amathandathu ngamakhoboka, ukuba nayo inxulumene kakhulu kunene. Ubungozi nasemandleni kokuzimisela becala wabonakaliswa nomlinganiswa kunye kule minyaka ilandelayo.

ebuntwaneni ungonwabanga

Mary M., intombi Elizabeth Alekseevna, watshata kwi elinesixhenxe kwaye bahlala kwilali Tarkhany, kamva igama ngegama zombhali. Kwakungekho kangako, ngoko xa esondela umhla wokuzalwa, indoda wamthabatha wakhe eMoscow. Apho, ngobusuku ka-14 ukuya ku-Oktobha 15, 1814 wazalwa imbongi elizayo. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa kamva, ngo-Oktobha 23 ubhaptizo Michael. uninakhulu Lermontov kaThixo, Elizabeth A., waba Ummeli yakhe.

Hi kule ntsapho ayizange ihlale ixesha elide. Ukuthunyelwa yi sifo ubukhosi yabafazi yaba unobangela imbambano kubudlelwane phakathi kwabazali wembongi elizayo. Baya luthando omnye komnye; KaYuri Petrovich waqala luyinto elifutshane, yaye xa wala umfazi, waqala ngokumbetha. Lelo lungiselelo esekwe kwikhaya labo. Oku kube negalelo kuphuhliso sifo sele udlule yaba sisifo umntu omtsha - sisifo sephepha. Emva kokufa Maria Mikhailovna ngo-1817 utata wabuyela kwilifa intsapho yakhe, eshiya unyana wakhe umakhulu wakhe.

Unamandla Elizabeth A. wazama ukwenza yonke into nomzukulwana wakhe. Michael akazange abe nempilo omelele, ubunzima scrofula. Bekhumbula ukuba zombini ezo zinto ngabalandeli sodidi, uninakhulu Lermontov afuna ukumnika yonke into wayenetyala. Ngoko ke, yena wakhululwa evela French uGqirha Anselm Lewis, wayengumYuda ngokuzalwa, ngoko ke bemlalele Michael. yobuntwana Kamva kunye nempembelelo umbhali Elizabeth Alekseevna iya kubonakala imisebenzi emininzi, ezifana kwi "I Tale" kunye isiJamani "Menschen und Leidenschaften". Nangona kunjalo, lo Lermontoff onamava abasisigxina kuphela. Akabanga abahlobo, oontanga, abo bafane-nye nonke, kutheni wayeziva engonwabanga kwaye ndilahlekile. Zonke izinto zakhe, yena watshintshelwa iphepha, ekugqibeleni wathabatha ngokohlobo, imibongo eqaqambileyo usinga kunye namabali amafutshane.

Iinzame ukufumana ngokwabo, emacaleni aso omabini kunye nohlobo zokucwangcisa ebulalayo

Imbongi elizayo iba omdala. Noyise, Elizaveta Alekseevna Arseneva, uninakhulu Lermontov kaThixo, iye ingene kwisivumelwano apho oko uthembisa ukuba ukufundisa phambi wokuzalwa kwakhe elinesithandathu. Noko ke, yena wayemthanda kakhulu kangangokuba ngo-mthetho eqinisekile ukuba ukuthatha uMikayeli kuye, ubhekisela ekuzeni ukwaluphala. UMikhail wavuma.

Umbhali uhambo. Mna eCaucasus, ebizwa e St. Petersburg, yaye ukusuka apho aseStavropol kunye Pyatigorsk. Apho wadibana umhlala Major UNikolai Martynov. Njengoko wavuma yi yokugqibela, phakathi njalo waba ukungavisisani, Lermontov akakuphosi ithuba lokwenza a joke kakubi ukuba xa ukhathazwa Martynov. Xa isicelo sakhe ayeke Lermontov wathi umngeni Kungquzulwano.

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba umbhali wayethanda ukudubula. Le zokucwangcisa esibulalayo yenzekile Julayi 27, 1841. Ezininzi kwinguqulelo esisiseko, imbongi wadubula emoyeni, yaye iqela lakhe - esifubeni sakhe. kweentsuku ezimbini kamva, yomngcwabo wathabatha indawo umbhali, nto leyo eyabangela ukuba kubekho inani elikhulu labantu ababemazi. wangcwatyelwa Bakhe Pyatigorsk. Elizabeth A. ubhenele kuMhlekazi kunye isicelo sokuhlehlisa engcwabeni kwilali Tarkhany, apho imbongi wachitha ebuntwaneni bakhe. Ngentwasahlobo yowama-1842 kwenzeka ngomhla nokungcwatywa Lermontov.

Umakhulu ukuze uhlale ngonaphakade

Kwanasemva kokufa kwakhe, yena wayezixakekisile kuba omthandayo omnye umntu engcwabeni kuhlala apha elalini yakhe. Njengoko igama uninakhulu Lermontov likaThixo, lo mfazi nokuzincama gqolo ebonisa umzekelo iimvakalelo oyinyaniso lokukhanya, onako ukuba intliziyo onothando? Elizabeth A. wehla waya embalini njengoko yokuqala kunye nomfazi lokugqibela kubomi wembongi, lowo ukuba usukelene ukukhulisa nokunyamekela kuyo.

Ngokuba kuye kwaba kuphela kuzo zonke iinkalo. It vika kuye lilindele ukuba imiyalezo emitsha. Emva kokuvela kweendaba zokufa kwakhe, Elizabeth A. akavumelekanga ukuba athi ngokuvakalayo igama umzukulwana, okanye nayiphi na enye zombhali. impilo yakhe iye wabandezeleka kakhulu, walahlekelwa ukusetyenziswa kweenyawo zakhe, ade afe kwakhe yena kuyizukisa memory of uMikhail Yurevich.

Elizabeth A. wasinda phantse yakhe yonke intsapho - intombi, umyeni kunye nabazukulwana. Wafa ngowe-1845, wangcwatywa egumbini usapho. Mu kuya kwa nshita ezikhumbuzo kwengeniso nomzukulwana elise Pyatigorsk, Penza, eSt Petersburg, Taman Tarkhany, Grozny, Kislovodsk, eMoscow nkqu e Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia), ayikho ilitye lesikhumbuzo.