Xa ungasebenzisa eyinkunzi umzali? On into ukuchitha imali eyinkunzi ngosana?

Ngo-2007, urhulumente lasungula inkqubo jikelele ukuxhasa ngumama kunye nabantwana. Ngaloo nyaka, iintsapho ezininzi ziye zafunyanwa likomkhulu lokuqala kubeleka. Amaqabane reshivshiesya ekuzalweni abantwana lwesibini, lwesithathu ezilandelayo ukuze zikwazi ukuxhamla kule nkxaso karhulumente ngohlobo lodibaniso lwemali. imibuzo emininzi unomdla malunga xa ungasebenzisa eyinkunzi umzali, yaye ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba ukuyithenga uyikhulule ngentlawulelo. Qaphela ukuba ekuqaleni mali ka-250 lamawaka engange, kodwa unyaka yonke imila, yaye sikwalathisa kunye nokunyuka kwamaxabiso.

Ngubani na ufanelekele capital lokubeleka

Ngokutsho komthetho, matkapital ungafumana:

• Umfazi ngabemi Russian abakhetha okanye owazala umhla wesibini umntwana kamva elikhankanyiweyo mthetho.
• Nge ngabemi Male Russian, leyo isebenza umntwana kuphela adopter yesibini (okanye abantwana elandelayo), kunye nokwamkelwa kwenzeka kamva umhla ochazwe mthetho.
• Uyise okanye umzali okhulise xa ukufa amabhinqa (komntwana / unina wabantwana), okanye xa iyi xa evinjwa amalungelo lobuzali. Ngelo xesha uhlanga Akukhathaliseki.
• abantwana Minor (umntwana) okanye ukufunda kwi-wexesha elizeleyo umntwana de kweminyaka engama-23, lo gama ekunene katata (umntu) okanye unina ukufumana uphelile zongezelelweyo zenkxaso.

Indlela akhuphe isiqinisekiso

Ukusebenzisa capital ngosana, kufuneka uqhagamshelane RPF ngalo kwindawo ohlala kuyo okanye kwindawo yokuhlala ezikhoyo kwaye babhale ingxelo kwifom ecetywayo. Isicelo kufuneka ukuba zenze iikopi zala maxwebhu alandelayo:

• Passport.
• Isiqinisekiso sokuzalwa kumntwana ngamnye (okanye isiqinisekiso adoption).
• Certificate of umtshato okanye kuqhawulo-mtshato.
• SNILS sicelo.
• SNILS kumntwana ngamnye.
• Kwimeko wokwamkelwa uya kufuna isiqinisekiso isigqibo senkundla kwi wokwamkelwa.
• Ukuba omnye umzali abe ngabemi Russian, ufuna isatifiketi esiqinisekisa abantwana abanjalo (uxwebhu ekhoyo evela Passport kunye neNkonzo Visa).

Okubalulekileyo! Ngokomthetho, i-ngxelo kunye kuphela iikopi zala maxwebhu, i originals kufuneka ahlale ezandleni sicelo.

Kwimeko ukufa kwabazali okanye ukulahleka ngamalungelo lobuzali, elikomkhulu kubeleka, imali leyo indexed kunyaka ngamnye, zinokufumana umntwana okanye abantwana usapho olunye kwizabelo ngokulinganayo. Kwakhona kuba yindlela ukuba basebenzise umntwana omdala ngubani na umfundi kunye umfundi yexesha elizeleyo de kweminyaka engama-23.

Koda kube nini ebheka ingxelo

Ingxelo kunye onke amaxwebhu aqhotyoshelweyo, leyo yafunyanwa FIU yeSebe, ingqalelo ingaphelanga inyanga enye ukususela kumhla reception yayo. Kwiintsuku ezi-5 emva kokuba amaxwebhu yobhaliso, umfaki-sicelo kufuneka beze isaziso ngesigqibo (ukwalela okanye impendulo positive). Intlawulo of capital maternity kunokwenzeka kuphela xa sigqibo. Isiqinisekiso ikhutshwa kwisebe elinye RPF. Ukuba awukwazi uxwebhu ngokobuqu, i FIU nga uyithumele ngeposi. Ukuba ulahlekelwe isiqinisekiso esikhutshwe nempinda, ungafumana kwi kwisebe elinye RPF.

Kwimeko apho umenzi-sicelo ibekwe ngaphandle Russian Federation, amaxwebhu kuthunyelwa FIU-imeyile. Kulo mzekelo, wathumela iikopi kubameli kuphela. Amaphepha ethunyelwe ngencwadi ebhalisiweyo kunye nokuvuma lonikezelo. Umhla yokwamkela iza kuba ngomhla xa isicelo ezibhaliswe kwiSebe FIU.

Ixesha imali

Azicaciswanga xa ungasebenzisa eyinkunzi umzali. Ngoko ke, ukuba umntwana wazalelwa okanye eyamkelwa ngomhla okanye emva komhla ochaziweyo emyalelweni, kwaye abazali okanye abazali besibini waba banelungelo lokufumana "imali umzali", zingenza isicelo nangaliphi na ixesha.

Kwezinye iimeko, angavumi ukuba akhuphe isiqinisekiso

Ndayihluthwa intlawulo capital maternity kungenzeka kwezi meko zilandelayo:

1. capital zokubelekisa iye yasetyenziswa kakade.

2. kuveza ulwazi bobuxoki.

3. Ukupheliswa umthetho.

Yintoni ukusebenzisa imali

Esi satifikethi sikhutshwa kwi matkapital ncam umntwana omnye, ekuzalweni, apho kwenzeka khona phezu uncedo, yaye le ntsapho iyonke kunye nabantwana kwizabelo ngokulinganayo. Abaninzi, Kakade ke, banomdla oko kunokwenzeka kwi imali lokubeleka ukuthenga.

qaphela nje ukuba mthetho uyakwalela ukuba imali indlela isatifikethi. Basenokuba kusetyenziselwa ukuphucula iimeko iintsapho. Oku ingaba:

1. Intlawulo yokuqala xa sukuba usenza mboleko sokubambisa ukuba kuthengwe indawo yokuhlala.

2. Ukuhlawulwa nezivumelwano zokubambisa angaphambili (okanye inzala kuyo) ukwenzela ukuthenga zokuhlala.

3. okuhlawula imali-mboleko mboleko ukuze kwakhiwe izindlu ngamnye. Kulo mzekelo, naye ke unalo ithuba bavale iindleko ukuthenga izinto zokwakha. It ukuba ukwakhiwa yabo, ngaphandle ukubandakanyeka bakhi, endiwazuze izihlandlo eziliqela enganeno.

4. Ukuze inxaxheba ekwakheni odibeneyo kwisakhiwo sokuhlala esitsha.

5. Thumela imali ukuze ahlawule umrhumo (isabelo okanye yokungena) njengelungu HBC.

Urhulumente uvumela ukusetyenziswa yokufundiswa mali matkapitala zabantwana kumaziko banelungelo kubonelelo ngeenkonzo zemfundo. Oku kunokuba abancinane okanye kwiziko lemfundo ephakamileyo. Izifundo kufuneka afake isicelo kwi Pension Fund kunye ngesicelo esisiso. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba akukho imicimbi yemali kufuneka ibe, lonke unikezelo zenziwa kuphela ngokusebenzisa FIU. Oku kuyimfuneko ukuze matkapitala imali zasetyenziswa ekujongwe.

I 'capital sikanina "ukongezelela zonke ngasentla, uyakwazi ukwalathisa imali kwandisa umhlalaphantsi elizayo (inxalenye ngemali of) unina womntwana. Ukuze wenze oku, thelekisa kwi FIU. Ngenxa sibe nomdla-sicelo angasirhoxisa isiqinisekiso yomzali, imali oboniswe apha ngezantsi, nangaliphi na ixesha kwaye usebenzise imali nangayiphi ngendlela echazwe apha ngasentla kubo.

Ngenxa yoko, imali ebonelelwe isatifikethi, ibe eyachithwayo kuthengwa lwezindlu okanye ukuphuculwa neemeko zokuphila, ukuhlawulela imfundo yabantwana babo, okanye ukwandisa inxalenye inkxaso ye pension kwi sicelo. Urhulumente ucinga amathuba okwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwemali. Umzekelo, ukuba ukuhlawula iindleko zonyango lwabantwana, ukuthenga imoto entsha (imveliso yasekhaya) kwaye ukuyilwa umama yena. Ezinye iingingqi lizwe ukongeza yokwaba imali matkapitala yommandla amanyathelo inkxaso yosapho. Ingasetyenziswa ukwenzela ukuthenga indawo yokuhlala / indlu, ukuphucula iimeko zokuphila, ukuhlawulela imfundo yabantwana kunye nonyango babo, kwaye kananjalo ukuba kuthengwe imoto okanye umhlaba.

Xa ukwazi asebenzise izibonelelo

I 'capital sikanina "ikuvumela ukuba uchithe imali kuphela emva kokuba umntwana efikelela kwiminyaka emithathu. Kodwa ke kukho iimeko, xa ungasebenzisa eyinkunzi umzali ngaphambili. Le ukuthengwa eflethini okanye ukwakha indlu yakho. Ukuze wenze oku, kufuneka nje ukuba uqhagamshelane RPF uze ubhale ingxelo malunga nokuchithwa kwemali. Ukuba le ntsapho ayizange ukuchitha imali matkapitala de umntwana efikelela kwiminyaka eli-18 ubudala, ilungelo lokusebenzisa sele umntu omdala umntwana ukuzalwa osapho wanikwa umlinganiselo uncedo. Kufuneka sicacise ukuba likomkhulu umzali yesibini urhulumente sele kodwa hayi ngaphandle, kwaye ungafumana ukuba kanye emva kokuzalwa usapho umntwana wesibini okanye olandelayo (okanye adoption).

Isixa-mali yesiqinisekiso

ERashiya, nyaka ngamnye liyanda inani iintsapho ezafumana eyinkunzi ngosana. Umdibaniso ezemvelo 250 lamawaka engange ngo-2007 ngonyaka ngamnye zoMqulu kwamaxabiso, esi sixa siya sisanda. Ngoko ke, ngo-2015 sasifana kwi 453.026 engange, waza ke kunyaka olandelayo kuthelekelelwe kulindeleke 477.942 engange.

Ubude kunye namathuba lolwandiso yayo

UMthetho wawuthi gama program. Ixesha ungasebenzisa capital umzali ulinganiselwe. Yathi yakudlula ekupheleni kukaDisemba 2016. Kodwa ke urhulumente ucinga, phezu ukwandiswa umthetho. Mhlawumbi kuya kwandiswa kude kube sekupheleni kukaDisemba 2025. Kodwa ke oko akuthethi ukuba kufuneka ukuba usebenzise imali de kube sekupheleni kuka-2016. Ukuba usapho wafumana isatifikethi, oko kuthetha ukuba uchithe nangaliphi na ixesha elimlungeleyo. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba umntwana wesibini entsatsheni wazalwa ngo-2010, ukuba bafake izicelo kwi Pension Fund kunye nomama wayo ezilishumi, yaye emva kweminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu kamva. Ngoko ke inani sele indexed.

Qaphela ukuba isatifikethi capital lokubeleka sele inikezelwe iintsapho ezingaphezulu kwama-4 million. Ngokomthetho "imali umzali" esilithundezela ukuthenga izindlu ezintsha, kukuphuculwa kweemeko zokuphila okanye amakhaya isakhiwo ngamnye. Yangoku nayo ukhetho ngokusebenzisa izixhobo kwezatifikethi isixa loqobo xa usenza i mboleko mboleko.