Vladimir Evgenevich Fortov, umongameli we-Russian Academy of Sciences: engobomi, umsebenzi yenzululwazi

Russian Academician Vladimir Evgenevich Fortov - sisazinzulu oye impumelelo ebalaseleyo kule domain ngokwasemzimbeni. Uye wanikezela umsebenzi wakhe wokufunda ukuphanda plasma non-buphelele, ukuxinana amandla aphezulu ubuchwephetshe bokuba detonation kunye nokothuka amaza. Ngoku ophethe isikhundla njengoMongameli Russian Academy of Sciences.

ukubunjwa

Wazalwa Vladimir Evgenevich Fortov January 23, 1946 e Noginsk. Ngowe-1962, wangena MIPT - Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology. ukubetha iimeko-sicelo kwi-Physical-Technical Institute ukwazi. IOfele yesikolo eninzi kwezemidlalo, kuquka ukudlala kwiqela yesizwe RSFSR in basketball. Ngoko ke, uVladimir akazange ucinge ngekamva yedyunivesithi, ngenxa quota wayekwazi phantse naliphi na iziko ngaphandle khuphiswano.

Ehlotyeni, xa oontanga ngenjongo belungiselela iimviwo emnyango, Fort ukuchitha ungakhathaliyo ixesha kweli lizwe kunye nezalamane kufuphi Dolgoprudny (apho kwaye MIPT). Kwi-Physical-Technical Institute wathi ngumhlobo. Sicelo wagqiba ekubeni anikezele "ematyaleni" iimviwo nje ukuziqhelanisa. Kanye ngengozi kwi MIPT, ezinqabileyo wagqiba kwelokuba angene apho.

Lo mfana phezu kwicandelo Aerophysics kunye nophando. Sele ngomnyaka wesibini waqala umsebenzi wakhe zenzululwazi. Inkokeli umfundi waba yamachiza thermal kunye injineli, oluhambelana Lilungu USSR Academy of Sciences Vitaly Ievlev.

iziqu

ithisisi lakhe wasivuna iinqaba okuqala (linikezelwa kwingxaki Fermi-Zel'dovich thermodynamic). Umfundi kokugqiba isikolo, wazithela sisekunqumlaneni kweendlela. Njengoko inzalelwane Noginsk, akazange abe ubhaliso eMoscow, ngokutsho imigaqo, kufuneka ukuba kunikezo ukuya Vladivostok. Ngaphambi kokuba kwakhiwe inqaba zokubonisela eshiya lokugqibela wathetha kwindawo nxaxamelo yenzululwazi. Apho waqalisa ukubuza imibuzo zezenzululwazi. Ngokutsho memoirs ka Vladimir Nina, waphendula wathi, "Banetshiki". Ndandiba ingxabano, kwaye emva kokuba nzulu intetho wamema yamachiza oselula ukuphuhlisa umxholo zophando entsha. Iinqaba bakhalaza ukuba kwakufuneka aye Vladivostok. Ngoko iqabane lakhe (ukuba omnye zezindlu zooyise ezabo atom Yakov Zeldovich) wabuza Nobel Prize uNikolay bake zavuza indawo yokuhlala kwigumbi e Moscow, nto leyo evumela a ubhaliso kunye nokusasazwa le ngxaki. Kwaye ke kwenziwa. Wakha wahlala eyinkunzi waba umfundi kwesidanga MIPT.

Ngeli xesha ekhaya oyingcaphephe oselula sihlalo ubucukubhede emzimbeni. Ngowe-1971, Vladimir Evgenevich Fortov wayekhusela ithisisi yakhe waza wafumana ngesidanga umgqatswa of Sciences. Xa yemvelo umsebenzi wayo rhoqo ingqalelo iziphumo zophando oluhamba ngamandla plasma kunye nokothuka amaza zabo.

uphando lwezenzululwazi

Emva Ngokukhusela ithisisi yakhe Vladimir Evgenevich Fortov waqalisa ukusebenza kwi-Institute of Chemical Physics - Institute of Chemical Physics. Ukuze oyingcaphephe oselula isincomo Yakov Zeldovich.

I-ICP emizamweni waqhubeka efunda ithi kakhulu mba plasma kukothuka-zixinaniswe. Iziphumo lo msebenzi waba sisiseko idizeteyishini yakhe zobugqirha. Vladimir Evgenevich Fortov basophula ngo-1976. Kwangaxesha nye, ISAZINZULU waqalisa babambisane Lvom Altshulerom.

Umsebenzi kushishino sithuba

Vladimir zinqaba benza nje kuphela uphando plasma. Umothuko kwakhe onomdla ukulayisha ngezinto ezahlukeneyo kunye kinetics zabo, amandla kunye neempawu thermo-lomatshini kwiimeko ezinjalo. Izazinzulu uyafunda kwaye ufuna iindlela ezintsha intshabalalo kunye deformation ukuba kwenzeka ntshikilelo ephezulu olutshintshayo. ulwazi Unique kunye namava esiwafumene kwezi uphando kwaba yimfuneko kakhulu kwi 1980 kunye nokufika "Vega" - inkqubo Space International, wafunda apho comet Halley kaThixo.

Ixhokonxa ezifunekayo ukhuseleko olusebenzayo ukusuka iimpembelelo zimpahla. Le ngxaki nje kuloo ndawo yolwazi Vladimir Fortova kunye nabanye abadlali. Izazinzulu ziye zaphuhliswa nje kuphela ukhuseleko kwabothusa kuphando, kodwa pyleudarnye izixhobo zenzululwazi. Bonke bephela, kanye isithuba, abanyamezela ngayo umsebenzi walo. Xa izifundo isimo nempembelelo kwakhe ukhathazekile ishishini wokhuselo eSoviet. Ngeminyaka yoo-1980 Fortov Vladimir Evgenevich, kunye noogxa babo Tomsk naseNovosibirsk, wayeqhuba izifundo ezininzi ezinxulumene ngokweempawu ibakhusela izinto ezisetyenziswayo xa kwenziwa imveliso nezixhobo ezizodwa.

Amava kunye ezifunyaniswe

Namaziko amaninzi lwenzululwazi ngexesha uphando lwabo kusebenzisana Fortov Vladimir Evgenevich. Imvelaphi sesayensi e ezingafani ezinxulumene ne-Institute of kwamaqondo obushushu kunye Institute of Jikelele Physics, Academy of Sciences USSR. Kule yokugqibela Vladimir inqaba kwenziwa amalinge ngemiqadi laser idaleka, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukwenza imifuziselo azo ezinxulumene awe esibhakabhakeni isithuba. Kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu, i-Institute walungisa electrodynamic railgun namafutha.

Ngowe-1980 Vladimir inqaba yaqala uphando ukuchonga iindlela zokuguqula amandla onokudubula yaba inzululwazi ebalulekileyo radiation electromagnetic. Kubo, kwi-ICP ndikwakhele iyunithi eyodwa, apho ngowe-1987 wafumana multimegavattnye zizimvo yokuqala uphawu kwimitha microwave. Ngungqondongqondo le mpumelelo yaba Fortov Vladimir Evgenevich. Ubuzwe, ubudala kunye nezinye iimpawu yabuna phambi kwingoma yayishiya kwinzululwazi eSoviet.

yophando oluqhubekayo

Xa liphulo Vladimir Fortova ngo-1986 kwi-Institute of Amaqondo obushushu aphakamileyo yaqala uphando kwi-lobushushu eliphezulu physics thermal. Ngenxa umsebenzi wenziwe nqwelo zaye ezifunekayo kwii-eksperimenti kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu idaleka kunye neqondo lobushushu. Kungekudala isicelo kwaye lwenziwa uphando esisiseko, into kuzo iimpawu mba, ezibe kwi imeko kakhulu.

Ukuqhuba isifundo Fortov izinto ukudleka udale kwigumbi yesiqalo unique ungqukuva (kwesibonelelo uhlobo yaba likhulu ehlabathini). Ezi zixhobo lisebenziswa namhlanje. Ikhamera kunye nezinye Ufakelo fanayo kwi-Institute of Physics Thermal ka Extreme States, apho kwi-Russian Academy of Sciences ngoku kwiziko okhethekileyo, eyenza kakhulu kuzo zonke iintlobo ungadubula.

experimenter

Sinokholo ezizodwa Vladimir Fortova zezenzululwazi kukuba azidalileyo intsimi entsha lonke physics - physics olutshintshayo ububomvu ashinyeneyo. Kuba lo nguye wafumana ibhaso ogama emva uPercy Bridgman. Le Isazinzulu wamiswa kwaye ekhaya. Ngowe-1987 wonyulwa esihambelanayo ilungu Academy of Sciences ye-USSR, kwaye ngo-1991 - ilungu ntsha Russian Academy of Sciences.

Ngo-1990 Vladimir inqaba livelise uphando yayo siqu kwi yikristale ulwelo plasma. Ke kaloku, xa ilifa layo kwaba kuphela ilebhu njengesiqhelo, kodwa kwakhona kwisakhiwo Orbital "Mir", kwakunye Station Space International. Ezi zifundo waqalisa ukuba nguvulindlela. Baye eyenziwa kwindawo ebanzi ingcinezelo kunye lobushushu uluhlu. medium elisetyenzisiwe efana plasma obhobhozayo ukuvutha of current ngqo, plasma zenyukliya kuneendawo, plasma, umqadi plasma kunye ultraviolet radiation t uqhutyelwe. D.

On unogada yesayensi

Vladimir Fortov waqala ukuba ahlale urhulumente ebalulekileyo kunye nezikhundla academic ngexesha Ukuwa kweUSSR kunye ukuvela laseRashiya entsha. Leyo yayiyiminyaka enzima, yaye izazinzulu wenze konke oko kwakuxhomekeke ukuba ezikhawulezileyo imikhuba emibi zululwazi lwasekhaya. Wathatha lo Russian Foundation for Research esiSiseko.

Kwakhona yemvelo weza kurhulumente, apho waba usekela-sihlalo weKomiti YePhondo Science. Ngeli xesha lotshintsho leyona Russian Vladimir inqaba imbonakalo ezininzi kumajelo eendaba, ukubhala amanqaku eso ngamandla ukulunga kwezemfundo kweli lizwe. Ngenxa yemigudu yakhe uvele MVS 1000M - supercomputer iyakwazi ukuvuleka imisebenzi zezigidi ngomzuzwana wenziwe.

Unyulo uMongameli Russian Academy of Sciences

Ngo-2013, oko kubanjwe intlanganiso jikelele Russian Academy of Sciences. Intloko entsha ye-Russian Academy of Sciences, wonyulwa kuloo mcimbi. Ukongeza Fortova, kuba kwisikhundla Alexander ibango Nekipelov kunye Zhores Aleferov. Ngevoti wawuzinyaswe ngabantu abangaphezu 1,300. Ngokutsho iziphumo zayo ukubetha Fortov Vladimir Evgenevich. UMongameli Russian Academy of Sciences lazuza 58% iivoti.

Zakho ku kwindawo kwizifundo ezifana ebalulekileyo, uVladimir iinqaba baya inyathelo rotary emsebenzini wabo wokufunda. Ubume kunye nengqesho musa ukuvumela uMongameli we-RAS, njengokuba ngaphambili, ukuba benze uphando. Izazinzulu ezininzi ziye wagxeka ngenxa ukhetho yayo "nemithetho".

IOfele ngokwakhe wachaza isigqibo sakhe ngokuthi, njengokuba umongameli, ukuba, ngokoluvo lwakhe, kuya phi inzuzo inzululwazi Russian. inkqubo wokhetho yayisekelwe ingcamango lenguqulelo ye-RAS. Ezininzi Academy, weyiseka ukuba lixesha ukwenza utshintsho kakhulu kwinzululwazi Russian. Le mbono inye kwabelwana yi Fortov Vladimir Evgenevich. UMongameli Russian Academy of Sciences wachongwa ngokuvakalisa imboniselo uthandwa kakhulu kuluntu kwezemfundo kweli lizwe.

Neenkanuko emhlabeni ukulungiswa RAS

Isibini iinyanga emva konyulo Fortova waqalisa ngokutsha Academy. Noko ke, lwabasunguli balo eli xesha na iinzululwazi, kunye namagosa kwi-ofisi yoMphathiswa wezeMfundo kunye neNzululwazi. Ngenxa yoku, Vladimiru Evgenevichu kwafuneka ndiqale umlo kunye nabasemagunyeni. Ngethuba lodliwano yakhe, waphawula ukuba avumele amagosa RAS sahlaziywa abangenayo nayiphi ngokunxulumene kulo. Amava ihlabathi liphela, ibethelela uMongameli we-Academy, ibonisa ukuba iinguqulelo zemfundo ezifana ezinkulu kufuneka iqaliswe kuphela zizazinzulu ngokwabo, kakhulu nobuchule koko bakwenzayo.

ngempumelelo yakhe ephambili kwinqanaba lokuqala lokuhlala kwindawo entsha ebizwa ngokuba ekupheleni iOfele "ubuqaba", ezenziwe minobrom. Inyaniso kukuba, ngenxa yezizathu kwezoqoqosho kweli isebe wacela urhulumente ukudala eyikhomishini ngazo ukutshona Academy of Sciences. Fortov Vladimir Evgenevich - owayengumongameli Russian Academy of Sciences, ogama abafowunelwa ayaziwa ofisi eziphakamileyo, ndakwazi ukuyeka inyathelo.

Awards kwaye nokwamkelwa

Vladimir zinqaba ihlala intloko yesebe wezenzululwazi kweenkqubo-amaqondo obushushu aphezulu MIPT. Izazinzulu kuqhubeka lihlawula ingqalelo kakhulu kuqeqesho zezazinzulu abaselula. Phantsi kobunkokheli bakhe reserved iqela iziphakamiso zobugqirha kunye yenkosi.

UMongameli Russian Academy of Sciences Fortov Vladimir Evgenevich ngokunokwabo okanye co-eziveliswa iincwadi zokuhlola kunye namanqaku angaphezulu kwama-300 kwiijenali yesizwe neyamazwe ngamazwe. Le Isazinzulu yawongwa amabhaso ngamazwe Karpinski (ngo-1997), Bridgeman (1999), Planck (ngo-2002), Alfven (2003), Duval (2005) kunye Glass (2009 ) .. Njengoko yemvelo liyifumene Order "Kuba Iinkonzo ukuya looMawokhulu» II isidanga kwakunye neso singuMyalelo Aleksandra Nevskogo. Fortov Vladimir Evgenevich, ogama abafowunelwa abhaliweyo Russian Academy of Sciences, yaye namhlanje iyaqhubeka nomsebenzi wayo esebenzayo ukuze kuxhamle yenzululwazi zasekhaya.