Van De Graaff generator: isixhobo, kwaye isicelo umgaqo ka

Van De Graaff generator lwasungulwa ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yamashumi amabini. It eyasetyenziselwa iinjongo ezahlukeneyo, ingakumbi Research Nuclear. isicelo kamva kuye iingqameko. Namhlanje ungathenga njengokuba yokudlala kunye ubonisa abantwana levitation bezinto ezahlukeneyo. Kwakhona, ungakha generator yakho. Uya kwandula ke kuba imodeli yoqeqesho kakhulu, nto leyo kwenziwa imifuniselo eyahlukeneyo.

tricks baby

Ingaba ufuna ukwenza "umlingo"? Thatha ingxowa polyethylene, ndinqumle zombini iziphelo nizibophe phezu umtya, ukuze ufumane isaphetha. Emva koko, ke uluhlu zisaqhubeka zeplastiki miri omhle nto yoboya alizise isaphetha: qala eziphaphazelayo ...

"Wand 'Ready kunye namanani, leyo ungenza amaqhinga ezinjalo, yaye unako ukuthenga evenkileni.

Kodwa ukhetho elula bona i "umlingo" - yinto nje ikati qabane. Emva koko Kwakhona esiziva kunye ubone evela umbane static.

Kodwa into yokudlala replicates isakhiwo se-Van De Graaff generator, ihamba phezu ibhetri. Xa ucofa ucinezela iqhosha esithinzini ngecala electrostatic. Ngoko ke, umzimba wayo kuthatha ngaphaya, kwaye zikhokelwa ezifana neendleko ukubuyiselana. Ekubeni mzobo wonqanyulwa, ngendlela ethile, yena 'eqolo "kwaye ufumana umthamo. Ukuba ophethe oneengxaki, kufuneka nje nqakraza kanye kwi kwiqhosha "umlingo".

A incinane

Kakade ke, i-Van De Graaff generator - nto nje izinto zokudlala abantwana. Yemvelo yena wadala nenzala yakhe ukwenza uphando kakhulu kwicandelo physics atomic. Isibonakaliso yokuqala ngo-1929. Yayimfutshane ngesithomo. olunemigqaliselo isimanga ufumene Van De Graaff generator, ekhwele onezi for airships. Imodeli yayiquka eentsika zombini, leyo zicwangciswe phezulu karhulumente alumina Wosenza ububanzi of iinyawo ezilishumi elinesihlanu.

Yakhelwe ku-1931 yaye 1933 umthamo ufakelo lafikelela volts kwezigidi ezisixhenxe. Kodwa isigxina kilovolts ukuya ku asibhozo yanika yokuqala Van De Graaff generator.

isimiso ukusebenza

Ngaphakathi iyajikeleza strip ngokuthe nkqo Heating lwephepha. Edlala ingabekwa phezulu, yinto yokwambathisa, umzantsi wenziwe ngentsimbi size siqhagamshelwe emhlabeni. Brush electrode kwi amahlumelo ukhulula isigxina, nto leyo ngokufanayo isasazwe kule ndawo. Okulandelayo ukuba i electrode kwi ezantsi, umoya insimbi, ion ziluncedo ezifakwe kwi tape, nokuba inxalenye leyo ngqo phezulu, inko-.

Ukuze ufumane umahluko enokubakho aphezulu accelerators yamasuntswana yomgama (apho kuyimfuneko kwaye ezi umbane) kusetyenziswa iinkalo ezimbini amaxabiso ezahlukeneyo. Kwenye yezi ezingasetyenziswanga ezintle, kunye nezinye - negative. Xa ukufumaneka efikelela kwinqanaba elithile, ngobhobhozo zombane ukutyibilika therebetween. Kangangokuba wayefunda. Ingozi sifikelelwe izigidi volts.

izixhobo ngaphambili kusetyenziswa uphando yenyukliya kunye yamasuntswana lunikezelo. Xa kwakukho nezinye iindlela okukhawulezisa, baza baqalisa ukusebenzisa kule ngingqi azixhaphakanga. Okwangoku, i-Van De Graaff generator ukuya kakhulu esetyenziselwa umzekelo. Umzekelo, ukuba ukwazi ukuveza iphiko igesi yendalo. Endaweni tapes Ufakelo badla ukusebenzisa amatyathanga eyenziwa eplastiki kunye nentsimbi amakhonkco nganye nganye.

Yintoni ekufuneka ukuba iyunithi self-ibandla

Le modeli kulula ukwakha eyakho eyenziwa wakho. Van De Graaff generator, ngezandla zabo ndawonye, iquka la macandelo alandelayo:

• ipensile;
• lokucheba PVC pipe;
• gum;
• omfisha paper;
• ngefoyile ye-aluminiyam;
• injini evela yokudlala;
• ezonga ukukhanya owaphukileyo;
• intlama owomileyo emphinini;
• iibhetri of volts asithoba;
• enamathelayo;
• wire;
• tablets.

Zonke izinto kufuneka owomileyo, kwakunye umoya egumbini. Kungenjalo, akayi kuba umsebenzi wokwakha elula, okanye uya kuba, kodwa wavuma kakhulu.

Nantso Oko kwenzeka into Van De Graaff generator. Le ifoto ingezantsi ibonisa indlela modeli kufuneka ibukeke.

Njengoko le generator self

Okokuqala, umngxuma kugrunjwa ebhodini, nto leyo eya kuba isakhiwo esisiseko. Phakamisa drill of ubukhulu ezifanelekileyo, imilo - ngokohlobo usiba. Ngoko, kwi ityhubhu ngokwenza imingxunyana emibini phezu phezulu nasezantsi, ngokuba intlama. Yenza imingxuma ababini, omnye engaphezulwana nje kancinane kune phezulu, kwaye eyesibini - nkqo ukuya ezantsi.

Okulandelayo, i Cola kufuneka icace ngokupheleleyo-inki. Sika isiqwenga ehambelana ubukhulu yangaphakathi kumbhobho. Thatha ikliphu, walungisa Wayixakaxa isiziba kobude kangangokuba wenza phezu isentimitha tube.

Of bokwenziwa Heating i tape scotch. Gum paste, khon 'ukuze la macala mabini nabo ancamathelayo.

Izinto ezilungiselelwe ziyaqokelelwa.

Ifakiwe iibhrashi eziqokelela isigxina. Ngezantsi brush udlula kumngxuma kwaye wenze incam yaloo Lutho. Iibhrashi kufuneka ibe kufutshane band ilastiki, kodwa akazukuyibamba. Upper threaded emngxunyeni phezulu.

Emva koko, usebenzisa ngefoyile ye-aluminiyam intlama bulb sele kwaphulwa. wire eliphezulu iqhotyoshelwe kule mifanekiso. Isibane kufakwa phezulu ngesakhiwo.

I-Van De Graaff ekufundiseni lilungile.

imifuniselo

Ukuba electrode ephezulu eqhotyoshelweyo imisonto eziliqela uze izandla zenu, bona "yima ekupheleni 'yaye uya kusingatha iminwe. Zama ukwenza imifuniselo ebumnyameni.

Ukuze ufumane i unikezelo lwamandla enamandla ngakumbi, ehlanganisa le generator ezimbini.

A ukhetho olungileyo ze-eksperimenti ziya Leyden ingqayi.

Umfuniselo idumileyo yenye apho iinwele kuma ekupheleni. Ukuze wenze oku, yima ekhukweni irabha, ibhodi ngomthi okanye ngamaplanga. A isandla phezu karhulumente (i wenkunkuma kufuneka ayavalwa ukunqanda electric). Emva kokusebenzisa isixhobo uya kudlula ube yintlantsi, ebangela iinwele kuma ekupheleni.

Le wenkunkuma kufuneka akhutshelwe emva komsebenzi ngamnye kwaye ukuba ukusebenza kunye naye ngenyameko, ekubeni ngoku kunokuba ezibulalayo abantu.