Uxinzelelo lwegazi

Uxinzelelo lwegazi ngumxinzelelo kwimithambo yegazi. Ngaphandle kwayo, akunakwenzeka ukuzalisekisa ngokupheleleyo iinkqubo ze-metabolism kwizicubu zomzimba. Ndiyabulela kuye, igazi lihamba kwindlela yokujikeleza.

Uxinzelelo lwe-arterial luyadalwa ngaphakathi kwemibhobho, i-capillary, ngokulandelanayo, - ngaphakathi kwe-capillaries ne-venous - kwiimvini.

Ukongezelela, kukho uxinzelelo lwegazi lwe-osmotic, kuxhomekeke kwiinkcenkceshelo zetyuwa zamaminerali kuwo. Ixabiso layo lihlala lizinzile. Kodwa nokuba utshintsho oluncinane lunokutshabalalisa iiseli zegazi. I-sweat glands kunye neentso zinoxanduva lolawulo lwe- neurohumoral lwexinzelelo lwe- osmotic.

Ubungakanani bexinzelelo lwegazi luya kuthintela:

- amandla okwephulwa kwentliziyo;

- inani legazi awayelichitha ngexesha kunye nokunciphisa okulandelelanayo;

- ukuxhatshazwa kweendonga zeempahla (kwipheripher) kuqhutyelwa ukuhamba kwegazi;

- inani leenkcaso zenhliziyo nganye yamkelwe iyunithi yexesha.

Izinto ezisisigxina ezichaphazela uxinzelelo lwegazi zizobuninzi kunye ne-viscosity. Kwakhona oku kwahlukana kwimixinzelelo kwisisu esiswini nasesigodini sesifuba, esenzeka ngokuphathelele ukunyakaza ngexesha lokuphefumla.

Ingcinezelo enkulu yegazi yilapho i-ventricle engasekhohlo yentliziyo ivumelwano (i-systole). Ngelo xesha, malunga ne-70 ml yegazi uphonywa kuyo ngexesha. Ngokusebenzisa ama-capillaries kunye nezinye iinqanawa ezincinci ubuninzi abukwazi ukudlula kanye. I-aorta, ngenxa ye-elasticity, ilula, kunye noxinzelelo lwe-systolic nayo iyanda kuyo. Kumntu (uphilile) ngaphezu kweminyaka eyi-16 yobudala, ingaba ukusuka kwi-110 ukuya kwi-130 mm Hg. Ubugcisa.

Ngethuba le-diastole, kukho ikhefu phakathi kwezinto ezimbini zokungqubuzana kwee-ventricle ezisekhohlo kunye nezilungelo - izindonga ezongeziweyo zemithambo emikhulu kunye ne-aorta iqalisa ukuthenga isivumelwano. Ngaloo ndlela, bafaka igazi kwi-capillaries. Uxinzelelo lwayo luyehla kwaye ekupheleni kwe-diastole kwi-aorta yehla ukuya kwi-90 mm Hg. I-St, kunye nemithambo yamanzi amakhulu-ukuya kwi-70 mm Hg. Ubugcisa. Umahluko phakathi kweendleko ze-systole kunye ne-diastole ibonwa ngumntu ngendlela ye-pulse.

Omkhulu umgama ukusuka kwimithambo yegazi entliziyweni, ingcinezelo encinci ikhona. Eyokuqala, isibalo esiphezulu sibonisa uxinzelelo lwe-systolic, kwaye okwesibini, esezantsi, kubhekisela kwingcinezelo ye-diastolic.

Kwiiyeriyiti ezinkulu ziphezulu, kwi-arterioles ngaphantsi. Xa uhamba kumbhede we-capillary, uxinzelelo lwegazi luyancipha, kwi-venous it drops even more, kwaye kwiimvumba ezingenalutho kufinyelela nakwixabiso elibi.

Ukulinganisa kwiimvini okanye i-capillaries akuyona into elula kakhulu. Ngako oko, ubukhulu beengcinezelo bugwetywe ngesiseko sencazelo yayo kwimida.

Ngokuqhelekileyo izikhombisi zayo zixhomekeke kwindlela umntu aphila ngayo, oko akwenzayo, yiziphi iimpawu zakhe. Ngobudala, ixabiso leenguqu zengcinezelo. Kananjalo kwanda ngokunyuka kwengqondo, umsebenzi wenyama. Kwaye, ngexesha elifanayo, abagijimi, abantu abahlala behlala besebenza nzima emzimbeni, kunokunciphisa.

Uxinzelelo lwe-systolic kubantwana luboniswe kwifomula 80 + 2a, apho i-age (inani leminyaka).

Iinkqubo ezikhoyo emzimbeni nasekulawuleni izinga loxinzelelo, zivumele ukuba zibuyele eziqhelekileyo emva kokutshintsha kwezinto ezincinci ngenxa yokuxinezeleka kwengqondo okanye umsebenzi wezandla.

Ukuba aphulwa, kukho utshintsho oluqhubekayo kwisalathiso saso saphezulu, ngoko bathetha ngokubhebhetheka komfutho wecembe, okanye phantsi, ngoko- hpotension.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, nayiphi na umntu uyayazi ukunyanzeliswa kwengcinezelo yegazi. Kwaye naluphi na ukuphambuka kwelinye icala okanye elinye limele libe yisizathu sokudibana nogqirha, kuba kukho izizathu ezininzi ezichaphazela lo mqondiso. Ngokomzekelo, kwizifo ezithathelwanayo, inhliziyo, ukutyhefuza zivame ukudala uxolo. Kwaye nezifo zengqondo, iingxaki ze-endocrine - uxinzelelo lwegazi.