UThini uDuma State? Amalungu State Duma

Loko swi ri Duma State of the Russian Federation? Yintoni imisebenzi kunye noxanduva yayo? Iimpendulo zale mibuzo ziya kunikwa kweli nqaku.

RF State Duma: isishwankathelo jikelele

I Duma State uphantsi egumbini lepalamente ye-Russian Federation okanye kwiNdibano Federal we-Russian Federation. The State Duma, kwakunye neBhunga Federation i -mthetho. Ukudala umbutho ingxelo kuqhutywa ngo-1993. Ngokutsho kummiselo B. N. Eltsina "Uhlaziyo-siseko ye-Russian Federation", wabonakala phezu umzimba zamasekela-450. Isiqingatha kule nombolo aya kunyulwa ngendlela ngeenxa owodwa kwaye ngqo. Ivoti kwenzeka kwizithili-ilungu elinye. Esinye isiqingatha kufuneka abunjwe ngoncedo amaqela Russian ezopolitiko ndiloyisile kumda-5 ekhulwini.

Russian State Duma abazinikele kwisahluko sesihlanu-siseko. Kubalulekile ukuba ngokufutshane ichaza isakhiwo lomzimba, kwaye kananjalo oko State Duma ye-Russian Federation. Yintoni na le sahluko yomthetho angundoqo eli lizwe?

ISahluko 5 soMgaqo-siseko

Isahluko sesihlanu ngumthetho olusisiseko lizwe ubalisa ibali kwipalamente Russian - yoWiso-Federal. Esi sahluko ngokufutshane abhalwe kuzo zonke iingongoma eziphambili ezimalunga ziziNdlu zombini zePalamente: iBhunga Federation nakuRhulumente Duma. Inqaku 103 of the ityhila ngokucacileyo nantoni na ukuba amalungu kaRhulumente Duma, yaye unamagunya athini ilifa. Yile, kwakunye namanye inqaku le-Russian siseko kuya kufuneka ukuba zezikhali ukuze babe umfanekiso kakhulu ngokupheleleyo uxanduva kunye nemisebenzi nobungcali kwindlu esezantsi yePalamente - kaRhulumente Duma.

Kufuneka, ke, qala kunye mpawu zixhaphakileyo. Ngoko ke, inqaku 94 umisela ubume yeNdibano Federal; lo mzimba imele enxulumene kwisebe mthetho. Icandelo 5 weSiqendu 95 umisela ukuba uDuma State ibandakanya abantu abayi-450 abaya neerhuluneli. Art. 96 ubalisa ibali lonyulo omzimba, ngoku kanye kwiminyaka 5. Malunga koko, yintoni uRhulumente Duma, kuya kuxoxwa ngazo kamva.

The State Duma kunye Government of

Nangona zonke omathathu amasebe igunya eRashiya ayalingana omnye komnye, kubalulekile ukuphawula ezithile iingongoma ezibonisa zinempembelelo ebalulekileyo isebe omnye komnye. Ngokukodwa, kuyimfuneko ukuba banikele ingqalelo Part 1 weSiqendu 114 loMgaqo-siseko. Ngokutsho kweli nqaku, uRhulumente unyanzelekile ukuba anike iingxelo ngexesha kuRhulumente Duma. Loo inkqubo kusoloko ibonisa iqondo sophuhliso lwentando karhulumente. Ngokukodwa, xa ehlaziya Inqaku 114 libhekisela imfuneko ukuphucula indima nabameli kubomi yoluntu kunye nezopolitiko. Ngelishwa, abezopolitiko kuphela ukusombulula iingxaki musa ukundidlwengula naliphi na icebo efanayo zeetshekhi kunye ngesikali. Kufuneka sizibuze kwakhona malunga kukuba ingaba yoWiso-Federal kwixa elizayo ukuvavanya uRhulumente.

Kufuneka, ke, uye emva koko kaRhulumente Duma, yaye ziziphi imisebenzi yayo ngokunxulumene kuRhulumente. Ngenxa yoko, indawo B weSiqendu 103 ayabele kuRhulumente uDuma ithuba lokujongana nomba intembelo yesigqeba. Enyanisweni, oku kububungqina enye ngakumbi impembelelo yesebe ebalulekileyo ummeli samandla yesigqeba.

The State Duma kunye Central Bank of the Russian Federation

Yintoni i-Russian State Duma ngokunxulumene kumaqumrhu zemali ephezulu? Umhlathi D weSiqendu 83 loMgaqo-siseko Russian ayabele kuRhulumente uDuma ithuba lokutyumba nokugxotha intloko ye-Central Bank of Russia. Ixesha lokuba sesikhundleni ummeli we-Central Bank uzimisele ngokungqinelana noMthetho Federal "Kwi Central Bank of the Russian Federation." Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukuqeshwa kunye nokususwa esikhundleni uya wokugcina ukuba yavotelwa uninzi uDuma zamasekela.

Kukwasebenza kwanjalo kuyo Chamber of Accounts. I Duma State uyakwazi ibeke usihlalo kulo mzimba, kwaye ukwakhiwa ngabaphicothi-zincwadi. Umbuzo kwengqesho okanye ukususa kugqitywa ngokungqinelana ekhoyo mali, irhafu, irhafu, njalo-njalo. D.

ukuqeshwa uxolelo

Oku, ekugqibeleni, jonga inqaku 103 loMgaqo-siseko. Kuyinto eli nqaku elibeka yonke imisebenzi ezisisiseko kunye nemisebenzi phantsi kolawulo yendlu esezantsi yowiso-mthetho. Ukuba kukho zingahlukaniswa? UThini uDuma State? (Grade 4, kwakunye kwinqanaba elithile ephakamileyo kwikharityhulam yesikolo badla zibandakanya ingxoxo yale miba, indlela abadala ngakumbi kufuneka wazi yonke loo nto ibalulekileyo malunga abasemagunyeni ifowuni).

Indlu esezantsi yowiso-mthetho liyakwazi ukuba batyumbe umntu ogunyaziswe yamaLungelo oluNtu kunye ukuze uchithe kuye. Kananjalo kubalulekile ukuba siqaphele ukuba amasekela bayakwazi ukubeka phambili abaviwa eziyimfuneko.

Umba eyahlukileyo, oko kuya kuba kuhle ukuba sikhankanye - na amandla kaRhulumente Duma isigqibo imibuzo uxolelo. Simi ngelithini kulo mzekelo ithatha indlu ntsi iindawo Duma State wenza ntoni? Ngokufutshane kunye ngokucacileyo kuluphawu kumhlathi F weSiqendu 103 loMgaqo-siseko. Ngokutsho kwakhe, isigqibo sokuba lisebenzise le uxolelo kwenzeka ngokuqesha sisininzi seevoti yepalamente. Isalelo uxolelo usihlalo State Duma. Incwadi ezisemthethweni umyalelo kufuneka kwenzeke kwiintsuku ezintathu.

State Duma kunye noMongameli

Ubuhlobo yeNtloko yomBuso kunye State Duma of Russia umgca ngeyona ndlela ekhethekileyo. Ngoko ke, njengoko inqaku 103 loMgaqo-siseko (point B), indlu esezantsi yowiso-mthetho uyakwazi ukubeka phambili ukumangalelwa umongameli kunye amabango. Isityholo kufuneka zenziwe kuphela kwimeko ukuba aqeshwa ngenxa iivoti 2/3 we zamasekela. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ntlawulo ifanele ibe ngereferensi ekhethekileyo zolwaphulo okanye amatyala ukuba umongameli abazinikeleyo.

I Duma State iya kuthumela isimangalo kwiNkundla Ephakamileyo ukuba ibuyekezwe. Ukuba inkundla eso lifumanise ukuba ityala, lo mbuzo ngokuthi kususwe kwi-ofisi intloko karhulumente.

Inkqubo zokwamkelwa imithetho

Ekubeni isebe, eso, wathetha kwindlu yowiso-mthetho, ngaba kwangoko imibuzo evalekileyo ngoko Duma kaRhulumente kunye neBhunga Federation. La maqumrhu ashicilele kwaye uhlele imithetho, yaye le njongo yabo iphambili. Njani iya inkqubo yowiso-mthetho? Oku kuza kucaciswa kamva.

Inkqubo ukwamkelwa kunye nokwenziwa kwemithetho oluqhutywa zilinganiso ezintathu. Oko ukufunde kuqala kubandakanya ingxoxo isikhokelo soyilo. Umqalisi yomthetho efunda ingxelo, abafundi babe nethuba izimvo kunye mpikiswano. Ukuba umthetho samkelwe, inyathelo elilandelayo. Uthi ngokwenza izilungiso kuwo umthetho, kunye notshintsho ezincinane. Emva koko idlule kwisigaba sesithathu, apho neerhuluneli ukuba uvotele okanye ngokuchasene zokwamkelwa yomthetho. kwiziphumo zale projekthi nga kwamkelwa kuphela xa wavotelwa sisininzi.

Umyalelo wokuqwalaselwa imithetho yase

UThini uDuma State? Le mithetho, wamkela imithetho, baxoxa abahleli kunye noyilo. Zonke ezi mpawu zendlu esezantsi lwenzeka kwi Ufundo ezikhethekileyo ezintathu. Ukuze babe nolwazi olubanzi inkqubo yowiso-mthetho, oko kubalulekile ukuthetha malunga nenkqubo ukuba siqwalaselwe iiprojekthi Federation Council.

Kuba kweentsuku ezintlanu Duma State iphuhlise imithetho kuqwalaselwa, edulusele endlwini epalamente. Icandelo 4 kwiSiqendu 105 soMgaqo-siseko Russian iqulethe ummiselo iBhunga Federation linyanzelekile ukuba amalungiselelo ivoti okanye ngokuchasene bill. Ngenxa yoko, kwimeko wokuvunywa kwesiqingatha amalungu Chamber of umthetho uqalisa ukusebenza. Kukho elinye ithuba ukwenza umsebenzi umthetho. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, iBhunga Federation kufuneka ngoyaba le projekthi wathumela iintsuku ezili-14 (sithetha ngalo ivoti ayiphumelelanga okanye ngokuchasene bill). Ukuba le projekthi saliwe, i Duma lukaRhulumente iza kudala ikhomishini yoxolelwaniso, nto leyo uzama ukoyisa ivitho esiPhezulu Chamber.

Inqaku 106 loMgaqo-siseko

Yiyiphi imithetho kufuneka ibe phantsi koqwalaselo ngokutsha okunyanzelekileyo kwegumbi eliphezulu lika-mthetho? Inqaku 106 loMgaqo-siseko Russian umisela projekthi zilandelayo:

• le mali federal;
• iintlawulo kunye irhafu kumgangatho federal;
• imibuzo emfazwe noxolo;
• isidoda imali;
• imiba yemali, ityala, imali nemimiselo namasiko;
• Ukulahla (ukupheliswa) okanye isiqinisekiso (imvume) izivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe;
• imibuzo malunga nesimo kunye nokukhuselwa komda karhulumente ka-Russia.

Ngenxa yoko, ivalekile kakhulu uba umbuzo into State Duma. Ukuvuma okanye ukwala imithetho, simisa okanye ongakwamkeliyo abantu abathile abachaphazelekayo kunye uxolelo - zonke ezi zinto kunye neminye imisebenzi emininzi yenziwa yiNdlu Lower yePalamente eRashiya. Okulandelayo kufuneka xa kwaye phantsi kweziphi iimeko Duma State ukuze ipheliswe.

Ngomhla kokupheliswa State Duma

I-Duma State kufuneka ichithwe kwezinye iimeko, umbuzo yayo-siseko kwiSiqendu 109, 111 no 117. Into yokuqala efanele kuqwalaselwa kukuba kuphela umongameli unelungelo ukunyibilikisa indlu esezantsi kwepalamente. Noko ke, ngokungqinelana nomhlathi 3 weSiqendu 92, ilungelo elinjalo asinakuba ubuso, ababambeleyo uMongameli, okanye IGosa eliyiNtloko lesiGqeba sokuLawula.

Kwakhona sifanele sithethe kutheni inkqubo yokuchitheka likaRhulumente Duma ye-Russian Federation kuyimfuneko. Enyanisweni, ukuba ulungiselelo olo yeyona ndlela iphambili ukoyisa umahluko phakathi kwisigqeba kunye namasebe kwemithetho karhulumente. Ngoko ke, ukuze uphephe ziingxabano enokusithintela kakhulu uphuhliso yezopolitiko kunye nezentlalo kubomi beli lizwe, kuyimfuneko ukwenza uhlobo "seta kwakhona" neentlobano. UMongameli ngendlela ngexesha elifanelekileyo ngokungqinelana yonke imithetho-siseko okanye ukunyibilika uRhulumente okanye Duma State, ngaloo ndlela zokusombulula imeko ungquzulwano kunye ehlahla indlela yophuhliso phambili ekufumaneni yabanye.

Indlela yokugweba ye-kokupheliswa State Duma

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe ngentla apha, imiqathango kunye neemeko sokuchitha yendlu esezantsi kwepalamente ezisisiseko sentlalo eziqulathwe kuMgaqo kwiSiqendu 111 no-117 loMgaqo-siseko Russian. Ngoko ke, inxalenye 4 weSiqendu 111 isixelela ukuba uDuma State ukuze ipheliswe ukuba kathathu ukuveza imizwa abaviwa abaza isithuba iNkulumbuso. Oku kulapho intloko karhulumente uyakwazi wavala ukwakhiwa kwakalokunje Duma ngokuzimeleyo atyumbe inkulumbuso uze ubize nokhetho endlwini asezantsi epalamente.

Ityala yesibini ekhuselwe kwinqaku siseko 117. Ngokutsho kumhlathi 3, i-Duma State iyapheliswa umongameli xa kuthe ukuphindaphindwa entembeko kuRhulumente. Kukho efakwe kunye nemihla ecacileyo - iinyanga ezintathu. Kanye ixesha elininzi apho uRhulumente Duma ukubonisa ukwamkelwa ngesakhiwo yangoku karhulumente.

Xa Duma State ukuze ichithwe?

Kukho iimeko eziliqela aphika kungenzeka wokupheliswa zikaRhulumente Duma. Bonke bephela zidweliswe kwiSiqendu 109 soMgaqo-siseko. Yintoni kanye na? I-Duma State ukuze ichithwe xa:

• ongenakuwelwa ngonyaka ubuncinane omnye ukususela ekuqaleni imisebenzi yayo;
• Ukuba Duma State ayemangalele lowo uqeshwe (kodwa akugqiba le imeko ukwamkelwa izigqibo ezifanelekileyo zeBhunga Federation);
• Imo yonxunguphalo okanye nomthetho wemitshato kuqaliswa kwi-Russian Federation;
• Kuye iinyanga ezintandathu okanye ngaphantsi ngaphambi kokuphela kwekota kamongameli.

Ukubunjwa kaRhulumente Duma

UThini uDuma State? Impendulo yalo mbuzo wanikwa. Noko ke, wahlala engekasonjululwa, omnye umba obalulekileyo: ngoobani kunye nesakhiwo yeNdlu Lower yePalamente.

September 18, 2016 kwabanjwa unyulo zamasekela ukuba uDuma State eRashiya. Oktobha 5 kwasekwa ukwakhiwa lokugqibela intlanganiso yesixhenxe. Waba usihlalo walo Vyacheslav Viktorovich Volodin - ilungu ngokweyelenqe "United Russia" (EP) kunye Russian State nguMcebisi First Class. iindawo 343 zaye zathathwa ngamalungu EP, 42 - ubuso Communist Party, 39 ePalamente evela Enesisa Democratic Party-23 ukusuka 'Fair Russia ".

Ngenxa yoko, kweli nqaku siye banikwe iimpendulo kwimibuzo malunga nokuba yintoni na isakhiwo sendlu esezantsi wePalamente, yintoni na nokubunjwa kwayo, kwakunye noko kaRhulumente Duma. Grade 4 (iimpendulo kunye nemibuzo kweMidlalo YeOlimpiki, zezifundo kwizifundo zentlalo) kunye iiklasi ephezulu esikolweni embonweni imibuzo malunga inkqubo yezopolitiko Russian Federation. Ukuba nantoni ngako oko uya kuyazi abadala, inqanaba kwenkcubeko yezopolitiko uluntu luya kuqalisa ukuba lehle. Oku kuya kubandakanya zonke iintlobo iingxaki. Ukuze ube ingcamango jikelele malunga inkqubo yezopolitiko, loo nto iya kuba yanele ukufunda enye kuphela ye-siseko.