UPetros noPawulos Church in umsuki weemfele. Le lesikhumbuzo lwenkcubeko yamandulo Veliky Novgorod

Kwindawo yokuhlala Veliky Novgorod, ebizwa ukususela kwixesha ephakathi Nerevskim ekupheleni, ezigcinayo iqela izakhiwo ngobugcisa. Bona ibekwe ngaphaya kodonga lasekhohlo loMlambo Volkhov ngecala Sofia ukuya emantla, ngaphakathi wongqameko. Bonke bephela ezi ezikhumbuzo kakhulu okhulileyo epheleleyo imifanekiso Novgorod lwezakhiwo ezinxulumene kwinkulungwane XV, kwaye kufuneka zikhuselwe njengepropati kazwelonke. mbali yabo indawo ukunxulumana Nerevskim isiphelo, ngokufuthi ebabiza Kozhevnitskimi.

UPetros noPawulos Church in Kozhevniki: Inkcazo

Abakhi wagqiba ukwakha le ndlu phezu kweenxweme Volkhov anamandla, ukuba ngobuso kobuhle wasempumalanga. Ngendlea ibonwe ezikhethiweyo, ukudala asinamathinzi langa kunye nendawo ekunene, namhlanje wenza le tempile ilitye lesikhumbuzo entle art samandulo, ukufunda apho ubani angabona, njengokuba ixesha inkqubela bokwakha.

Ngokuba shaft kwicala lwe UDemetriyo street ekhokelela Zverin Monastery, isemi isakhiwo yamandulo emangalisayo, apho le hetiseka nokuvuthwa. Oku ngokwenene umzekelo omhle lwezakhiwo ukuba uphawu ngexesha zebhola komhlaba Novgorod.

UPetros noPawulos Church in Kozhevniki yakhiwa ngo-1406. It is eyakhelwe iibhloko yilimestone, wonke umsebenzi yokuhombisa olungaphambili, kwakunye neengqameko, nemihlakulwana, kunye nentloko yebandla ezenziwe ngezitena ezibomvu.

Architecture yamandulo

Ngokutsho legend zembali, le tempile entle yakhiwa iingcibi-abasuki. A kudala, ukuba ngqo, ngo-1227 ecaweni somthi wema kule ndawo. Kodwa ke ngo-1384, wahlupheka ukusuka umlilo kakhulu. Iindonga ibandla amatsha iibhloko lekalika izitena, ingakumbi azikhange kokutyatyekwa.

Ngo-1930, nenqaba intsimbi icawa sachithwa. Noko ke, nguye lowo ubunzima kakhulu ngexesha umsebenzi lwamaNazi. ibuyiselwe ngokupheleleyo ubuhle bayo yokuqala ekuphela 1960. Le nkqubo ithatha abayili Intsika GM kunye Shulyak L. M.

ubuhle laphezulu

UPetros noPawulos Church in umsuki imifanekiso ezibonisa ngokupheleleyo bonke ubuhle bendawo nobukhulu, ungaphulwa kangangeenkulungwane, ngaba isakhiwo noko eliphezulu-angqukuva-intsika ezine. olungaphambili Its - epheleleyo kunye engqongqo esikhulu, yaye kwimimandla lokugqibela wabeka ugxininiso izitena ngobungcali babulawa Iingqameko multiblade zokuhomba, kwi lomculo leyo ibandakanya imixwayo, ombiwe dimples ezingoonxantathu, owawukuDonga arkaturny, elisesifubeni lesinxibo, Niska ngeenxa kwaye pentagonal imilo, ubuqhophololo kunye isiqabu osibonayo.

Kwi olungaphambili ukusuka ezantsi iye yasinda ukwakheka lilungu ezintlanu. It iqulathe lalisiba amabini kunye neefestile ezintathu zilahlwe therebetween. bezakhiwo yamandulo uPetros noPawulos Church in Kozhevniki jize zokuhombisa-blade ezintlanu kwebunzi. iintonga yokuqala kakhulu nkqo, mqengqeleki ngokwayo zinokuhonjiswa apse ibandla. Bayitsalela a Iingqameko ezincinane omise.

Isifundo endala

Iziqalelo zibalulekileyo ebabulala yomhombiso elingaphakathi eyenziwe isimbo yemveli, bavela ngenkulungwane XIV, kwisiqingatha salo sesibini. Enye uyilo ebukekayo futhi original bobugcisa St. uPetros uPawulos ilungiselelo somnyango isuka hayi Ebubanzini bodonga (ubuchule anjalo adla ngokusetyenziswa ekwakhiweni kwamabandla Novgorod XII-XV iinkulungwane), kwakunye ngezinyuko ilitye eyahlukileyo, sime kumntla-ntshona inxalenye wetempile . Yintoni umdla kukuthi, olu phawu kwetempile yaye ubonisa uphinda yolwamkelo apho iifayile ezisetyenziswa bezakhiwo netempile ka Fedora Stratilata, yakhiwa ngo-1360.

Sele kwinkulungwane XVIII, saqhotyoshelwa kwicala lasezantsi kwigumbi le Hierarchs ezintathu. Kamva, ngecala lasentshonalanga wakha inyango encinane intsimbi.

Kweli thuba ukusuka XV ukuba XVI leminyaka iye yatshintsha ibandla lonke St. uPetros uPawulos umsuki weemfele. Plan for yokwakha ngokutsha 'umdla gqitha - iye yaba enemigangatho emibini. Kwinxalenye yasentshona ikwayari waqalisa kubekwa apho kwizinyuko esuka emntla-ntshona lembombo. Ngaloo ndlela, kwakukho podtserkove okanye ngenye indlela - kumgangatho ongaphantsi. Icawa efanayo kakhulu zibekwe kumgangatho wesibini kwi ebizwa ngokuba yi-ndima.

Emifanekiso imizobo

Wayakha Portal kunye ifom kakhulu, ngawela ngexesha xa icawa yahlulwa imigangatho ezimbini. Kwicala ngalinye portal siye Walunguza iintsalela Imizobo yamandulo, yaye omnye wabona kwicala elinye umfanekiso umpostile uPawulos noPetros, kwelinye - ingelosi ikrele esandleni sakhe.

Kwenziwe uhlalutyo umfanekiso umphandi Spirit uPawulos wafumanisa ukuba icon zabapostile uPetros noPawulos babulawa apha wobugcisa ipeyinti oyile kunye nesimbo ezintle, kunye Angel - phezu indlela ngomfanekiso. Ekupheleni wagqiba ekubeni iimveliso zaphawula ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo. Angela kuthiwa kwinkulungwane XVI, uPetros uPawulos umfanekiso - kwinkulungwane XVIII, xa itempile wafuduselwa kumgangatho wesibini.

Namhlanje itempile ukho azisasebenzi, kwaye yeenkonzo ungekho. Ngoku kukho isebe State Museum-Reserve, noqhuba ngoLwesithathu nangeCawa ukususela 11:00 kusasa 16,00. NgoMvulo nangoLwesibini - iintsuku. Amangeno - 50 engange, abafundi kunye nabafundi -. 30 bagcobe, abantwana ukuya kwiminyaka-16 -. Free. Ngamnye ngonyaka ukususela ku-Oktobha-1 ukuya kutsho ngoMatshi 1, lwembali luvalwe.