Umsebenzi "umqhubi kuloliwe": inkcazelo, ezo nkcukacha, iinzuzo

Phakathi imisebenzi emininzi ukusebenza kukho abo baphupha ukususela ebuntwaneni. Bona ligutyungelwe an aura luthando izinga eliphezulu. Omnye wabo - uvumo "umqhubi kaloliwe". Nguye lo lothutho ngololiwe zibalulekileyo kunye nemisebenzi yayo enxulumene nolawulo kaloliwe.

Imbali emfutshane msebenzi

Kamsinya nje zengoma yokuqala, yaye yakhupha uloliwe kuqala, kukho umbuzo malunga ulawulo lwakhe ziye wabeka. Ukuze siyakhubeka kuphumelele, kufuneka sibe nolwazi kuphela efanelekileyo, kodwa ngeempawu ezithile.

ERashiya, uvumo "umqhubi kaloliwe 'yabuya ngo-1834. Ekuqaleni naLindiili baya Ukuqamba ezincinane zonke iinqwelo ezine. isantya zabo ngaphezulu 33 km / h. Kodwa emva kokuba ukwanda kwisakhono nesantya imida 42 km / h, abantu efunekayo ngubani na ukumelana komsebenzi okwandayo. Ngoko ke, ezi khosi zoqeqesho ezaziququzelelwe izakhono zokufunda kunye nolawulo kaloliwe.

machinists e eSoviet Union ezifunekayo. Ukubeka komzila waye ngesantya kakhulu, eli lizwe uvelisa ezahlukeneyo nemixube ukuthutha iimpahla nabantu. Kufuneka abantu abafanelekayo, bakulungele ngokupheleleyo ukubunjwa wolawulo.

iimpawu uphawu le ngumpheki

umqhubi Profession liya kubonwa nje eyindoda kuphela. Kodwa akukho mda predstatelnits ababhinqileyo, ukuba Ngokuce ukufunda obu buchule. Kodwa loo nto isigqibo, kuyimfuneko ukwazi kakuhle nenkcazelo komsebenzi "umqhubi uloliwe".

Elithile has eziliqela iimpawu ezithile, ekufuneka iqwalaselwe. Umsebenzi kufuna unyamezelo nje kuphela, kodwa luphile. Ngoko ke, xa bengena ziko baya angafuna isiqinisekiso sikaqhirha lokuphila.

Umsebenzi "umqhubi uloliwe" kuthetha ulwazi iimpawu zobugcisa oomatshini kunye nezixhobo ngokunokwayo elorini kaloliwe.

Ukususela umqhubi kufuna ingqalelo kakhulu. Ukuthintela iingozi, kuyimfuneko ukuba anikele ingqalelo imiqondiso yendlela, iimeko zemozulu kunye ukufundwa. Kwi-elide umgama oololiwe njalo Abancedisi abo burhanqwe umqhubi engundoqo kwaye kunika ithuba lokuphumla.

Eyona engundoqo Imisebenzi kaloliwe

Xa uqhuba umqhubi kaloliwe kunye nomncedisi yenza le misebenzi ilandelayo:

• Landela iimpawu kunye nemiqondiso kumgca kaloliwe;
• ebukele ukufundwa of lenjongo isixhobo ebonisa ukusebenza liqhawuke ngayo yonke impahla kaloliwe;
• esweni imeko kaloliwe ingqibelelo yayo;
• iimpawu abondliwayo efakwe emnyango kwisikhululo;
• noxanduva ukhuseleko zobuqili;
• xa efumanise isiphoso kufuneka ngoko nangoko azise igosa umsebenzi kwisikhululo.

Umsebenzi "umqhubi uloliwe" ibandakanya ungekho ekhaya. Kodwa kunika ithuba ukubona iindawo ezininzi ezintsha. Ngoko ke, abantu linqwenelwayo ngumphefumlo amava amatsha yaye ukulungele ukufunda iimpawu zobugcisa zothutho kaloliwe, ngokufuthi ukhetha le elithile.

kaloliwe yabantwana

Abo guys, ngexesha lezifundo kwi iingcebiso ngomsebenzi ubhale isincoko ngesihloko - "umsebenzi wam elizayo - umqhubi kuloliwe", kufuneka utyelele kaloliwe yabantwana.

imibutho ezinjalo sele zikho kwizixeko ezininzi Russian. Abo bafuna ukuqhuba kumkhondo na into yokudlala nje kuphela, kodwa isakhiwo eliphezulu-grade lenene, ukulungiselela uqeqesho olulodwa. Emva kokufumana guys oluyimfuneko ulwazi unako ukusebenza ezi abaqhubi, igosa umsebenzi station, nkqu ukunceda umqhubi ukugcina uloliwe wokwenene enabanye.

kaloliwe yabantwana ayiboneleli kuphela iinkonzo zokonwabisa iZiko loFikelelo olwenziwe Lula abantwana abaselula, kodwa iziko lemfundo olongezelelweyo. Abantwana abaneminyaka eyi-8 ukuya kweli-15 ubudala banokufunda okukhethekile kaloliwe ezahlukeneyo kwaye komeleze nezakhono abazifumene basisebenzise.

Umsebenzi "umqhubi kuloliwe" kuba abantwana kakuhle nje kwigumbi lokufundela. On ezi oololiwe kuncitshiswa kancinane ubungakanani kunye ingoma kaloliwe emxinwa, phantsi kwesikhokelo elivisayo abadala ukufunda izisekelo izakhono ezintsonkothileyo.

Kwi kaloliwe yabantwana yonke indlela ngokwenene. Njengokuba kude kangangoko wobugcisa kunokwenzeka, zonke izixhobo ziyahambelana ezindleleni efanayo injongo jikelele. Kwaye, nangona kwingoma ayinayo ukufikelela track ekwabelwana, ukwakhiwa phathiso ngokupheleleyo zikaloliwe umkhweli ngokupheleleyo yaye abantu ngokoqobo.

Ukufunda ikhono yokuhambisa

Ukuphupha ndizinyathele imoto enzima ube ngumphathi sisincoko elide luncedo ukwazi nalapho unokufumana uvumo umqhubi kaloliwe. Eziqeqeshelwe okukhethekile kweekholeji kaloliwe, Akungenwa kunokwenzeka emva kweminyaka 9 esekondari.

Eyona engundoqo iinkalo eziya ukufundisa abafundi kuba, ezinxulumene inzululwazi zobugcisa, imigaqo yokhuseleko ezindleleni abantu kunye iimpahla, iziseko yezithuthi kaloliwe.

Ukwenzela ukulawula kakuhle yonke ekwakhiweni, kuyimfuneko ukufunda iimpawu zayo yaye babe nolwazi kwi software nokuba isebenza njani.

Ukufezekisa iphupha, ihlala yodwa ukukhetha kwesona sikolo sikufutshane, nto leyo kakhulu uluhlu olubanzi. Phakathi ukukhululwa edumileyo: Saratov, Samara, Orenburg, Penza Railway College.

Kuba imfundo ephakamileyo kuyimfuneko ukubhalisa kwiiyunivesithi imo Railways, apho ungafumana uloliwe umqhubi umsebenzi kunye nokulungela yinjineli yonxibelelwano kaloliwe. Amaziko emfundo ephakamileyo eMoscow, eSt Petersburg, Samara, Rostov, kwiMpuma Ekude kunye nakwezinye iindawo.

Imfuneko wobugcisa

Ngaphambi kokukhetha ukuvuma elizayo kubalulekile ukwazi ngamathuba ayo. Obungcali "injineli kaloliwe" usesikhundleni phambili kuluhlu epapashwe kwi "iphephandaba Russian" isibini kwiminyaka eyadlulayo.

Ekubeni ikho na imfuno yabasebenzi bathi izicelo kumandla emsebenzi, phakathi leyo 33% yetotali obabulingana i "umqhubi".

Plus ezizodwa nobubi bayo

Njengaye nawuphi na, umsebenzi lomqhubi zinezibonelelo yayo ayinakuphikiswa. Omnye wabo inxulunyaniswa kunye halo luthando, xa umntu usoloko endleleni nibone ezininzi kwiindawo ezintsha. Kodwa kwakhona simenza yokungabikho nesidima. Ezi nkcukacha komsebenzi luyasinyanzela umntu ukuba lwahlulwe usapho ixesha elide ukuba abanye ukuze ukubamba.

Kodwa uxanduva olukhulu ukuba ubomi abakhweli kunye iziqinisekiso zokhuseleko impahla kunye umsebenzi ophucukileyo. Iziporo Russian, ukongeza umvuzo, kunikela ngohlobo amabhaso abasebenzi babo inkxaso eyongezelelweyo, neemali sanatoriums kunye kwiiholide elide.

Ethile le umthwalo omkhulu emzimbeni kunye nempembelelo kwiingozi zempilo. Xa shift lomqhubi ithatha iiyure ezili-12, nto leyo wachitha kwindawo encinci ngolo hlobo yaye ekugqibeleni zijolise.

indlela elukhuni

Emva lokuqeqesha zonke iingcali ziqala indlela yabo, ukuba umncedisi yomqhubi. Ngokuxhomekeke kwimfundo esisiseko kunye nezakhono asebenzisekayo abasebenzi abaselula ukubamba isikhundla kuMncedisi ukusuka kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ukuya kwiminyaka emibini.

Kuphela emva kokuba nokuvavanywa eyiyo abapasa-ndlebe umntu ahambelanayo wathembela ukukhokela ezabo kaloliwe.