Umdlalo "Ukutshata of Figaro 'yi Beaumarchais nempumelelo yayo

Enye edlalwa idumileyo drama kwihlabathi "uSuku Crazy okanye Ukutshata of Figaro," ezibhalwe uPierre Beaumarchais. Ezibhaliweyo ngaphezu kwamakhulu amabini eyadlulayo, nangoku sele bungalahleki kwesinomhlwa kwayo kwaye waziwa ehlabathini lonke.

Makhe sifunde kancinci malunga nombhali yaye umdlalo wakhe, nto leyo ibonisa nje kuphela zemiboniso, kodwa iyaqhutywa.

Beaumarchais - wemidlalo odumileyo

Per Bomarshe wazalwa January 24, 1732. Kwazalelwa ekuchubekeni odumileyo - Paris. uyise weewotshi, wamzalela igama Karon, kodwa kamva ukuba indawo yi Pierre phezu yeengcungcu ngakumbi.

Xa ebuntwaneni Beaumarchais wagqiba ukuqonda uvumo kayise. Noko ke, loo nto yinto eninzi ingqalelo nokufundela umculo. Ngenxa ke, zifumana amaGrike akumgangatho ophezulu. Ngoko Pierre iye yazuza unamakhonkco amaninzi luncedo.

Ingqondo nenjongo Beaumarchais wamvumela ukuba ukudala nje kuphela escapement ankile, omnye iintshukumo ezintsha nilindile, kodwa ukuba bangene Royal Society of London, ukufumana isihloko academician aze abe weewotshi yasebukhosini. Kwaye konke oku, efikelele iminyaka engama-23.

umdlalo wakhe wokuqala wabhala ngo-1767, ngokuthi "Eugenie".

Kwaziwa comedy zakudala "I Barber waseSeville" yabhalwa nguye ngo 1773, wazibeka 1775, kwaye ke lowo wamsa ngempumelelo ngaphambili, nangona asiyi kuba kwaoko. Kwathi emva kwakhe, wagqiba ukuqhubeka imingcelele umkhonzi krele kwaye inokusityeda, yaye babhala umdlalo "Ukutshata of Figaro" yaye "Lo mama-mthetho".

Beaumarchais nditshatile izihlandlo ezithathu, yaye ngamnye abafazi bakhe mandulo a osisityebi umhlolokazi. Oku bazisa ithamsanqa ekuchubekeni omkhulu.

Wafela Per Bomarshe ngo-1799, ngoMeyi 18, kwidolophu yakowabo Paris.

Le trilogy ye adventures Figaro

Imisebenzi idumileyo zithathwa ukuba zibandakanywe Beaumarchais e trilogy yakhe malunga Figaro.

Umdlalo wokuqala yabhalwa ngo 1773. Comedy ngokuba "I Barber waseSeville." Kwaba ntlandlolo opera, kodwa emva kokuba sentsilelo iphambili umbhali ebhala ngeentsuku ezimbini, siwenze ube umdlalo eqhelekileyo. Kwincwadi yokuqala Figaro inceda Bala Almaviva ukuba atshate ubuhle Rosina.

Kwiminyaka emihlanu kamva, kufika umdlalo wesibini Beaumarchais, omnye amanani ephakathi yayo isenguye Figaro efanayo. Lo msebenzi ubalisa ibali kumtshato Figaro phezu isicakazana le sisidwangube Almaviva, noSusana.

Umdlalo wokugqibela "Lo mama-mthetho" yapapashwa ngo-1792. Ukuba udlala ezimbini zangaphambili zikwenza kubonakale ngathi, ukuba weqonga, apho kujoliswe iphambili ibe phezu iimpawu yokuziphatha abalinganiswa abaphambili, kunokuba ukungalingani kwezentlalo. Figaro kuya kufuneka ukugcina usapho Count. Ukuze wenze oku, kufuneka ukuveza umguvela Bezharsa ofuna ukutshabalalisa kuphela kumtshato Count kunye sisidwangube, kodwa ikamva Leon kunye Florestiny.

Umdlalo yesibini imalunga adventures Figaro - ngokoyisa ekuchubekeni

Umdlalo idumileyo ngu Beaumarchais - "Usuku Crazy okanye Ukuhlanganiswa Figaro." Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba yabhalwa ngo-1779. Ekuqaleni wesenzo lwenzeka eFransi, kodwa njengoko kuhlolwa zange bayifune, le ndawo safudukela eSpeyin.

Abaliqela wagxeka lomdlalo, kuba ubhenca adventures yezikhulu kunye nabantu iqhelekileyo ngokubukekayo kunenkosi yakhe. Yaba lucelomngeni enkulu eluntwini yelo xesha. Le meko ifana asiyiyo yonke into. Ngapha koko, ngelo xesha ke ayamkelekanga.

Beaumarchais kuqala ukufunda umsebenzi wakhe zokuzilungisa, yintoni amrholela ingqalelo. Kwaba lelo xesha ke wagqiba ekubeni abeke umdlalo. Kodwa lo mbono ayikwazanga zinokuphunyezwa kuphela emva kweminyaka emihlanu: Louis XVI akazange ayithande le subtext lomdlalo, kunye ukunganeliseki jikelele kwanyanzeleka inkosi ukuvumela imveliso.

Kwisiqwenga umdlalo

Ekwilifa encinane Spain elisombulukayo inyathelo lomdlalo ngu Beaumarchais 'Ukuhlanganiswa Figaro. " Isishwankathelo isebenza ngolu hlobo.

Figaro uza ukutshata i sisidwangube Almaviva umkhonzazana noSusana. Kodwa yena uthanda kunye Count, ngubani na zazidlala nje kuphela ukuba wakhe kwinkosikazi yakhe, kodwa ke ilungelo lokucela ebusuku lokuqala - isiko yamandulo wobukhosi. Ukuba angalaleli inkosi yakhe, yena unako ukuzihlutha ikhazi yakhe. Ngokuqhelekileyo, Figaro uza ukuphazamisa nto.

Ngaphezu koko, Bartolo, ngaxa lithile yaba umtshakazi Figaro, utsha isicwangciso ukuziphindezelela kumxhaphazi yakhe. Ngenxa yoko, ubuza igumbi Marcelino imfuno evela Figaro amatyala. Ukuba ke akathanga kubuya imali, unyanzelekile ukuba nditshate naye. Kodwa enyanisweni, Marcellin wayeza ukutshata Bartolo, kunye ngaye alala umntwana eqhelekileyo, ukubiwa njengomntwana.

Ngelo xesha, i sisidwangube, Count ishiywe, babe nabahlobo abalandeli - a Cherubino page. Ke Figaro ugqiba ukudlala kuyo kwaye ibangele umona Count, ukuba ukuyidibanisa kunye sisidwangube, kwaye ngexesha elinye angafaka amshiye uSusannah.

Eyona engundoqo abasebenzi umdlalo

Uluhlu abadlali na umdlalo ngu Beaumarchais 'Ukuhlanganiswa Figaro "ayikho mkhulu kangaka. Ibalasele kuyo ezimbalwa abalinganiswa abaphambili:

• Figaro - umkhonzi kunye igosa Bala Almaviva, nomnyeni umyeni, njengoko kuvela kamva, unyana ka-Marcelina kunye Bartolo.
• Suzanne - umkhonzazana le sisidwangube, umtshakazi Figaro.
• Sisidwangube Almaviva - umfazi Count Almaviva, Ummeli Cherubino.
• Bala Almaviva - indoda yaloo sisidwangube, playboy kunye ngudlalani. Ngasese uthando Suzanne.
• Cherubino - page count, godson lo sisidwangube kaThixo, ngokufihlakeleyo eluthandweni.

Ezi abalinganiswa abaphambili lomdlalo, ukongeza, indima enkulu kulo iya kudlalwa kwaye balinganiswa balandelayo:

• Marceline - izindlu Bartolo kaThixo, afana naye unyana. Xa uthando Figaro, leyo okunene ujika abe ngunyana wayo.
• Bartolo - ugqirha, utshaba abangamagqala Figaro, uyise.

Kakade ke, oku akuthethi uluhlu olupheleleyo loonobumba abandakanyeka kwenziwa. Kukho abanye, ezifana bomyezo Antonio, kunye nentombi yakhe Fansheta, kodwa badlala nje iinxalenye kancinane, kwaye ukuthatha kwabo inxaxheba kumdlalo kukuba kubetheleleke isenzo esithile akusoloko isitshixo.

fumana-up

Ngokuququzelela lokuqala lomdlalo "Ukuhlanganiswa Figaro" kwenzeka kwangoko kangangoko 1783 ekwilifa Count Fransua De Vaudreuil. Emva konyaka, ngoAprili 24, le ntetho lokuqala ngokusesikweni wanikwa, okunyusileyo Beaumarchais kuphela impumelelo, kodwa udumo ehlabathini lonke. Kokuba kuboniswe senzeka kwindawo yokubonela "Comédie Française". Emva kwexesha elithile, umdlalo wawuvaliwe, waza wabuya wabona ukukhanya kuphela ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XVIII.

In uBukhosi Russian, umdlalo yadlalwa kwiminyaka emibini kamva. Wabeka Petersburg inkampani French. Ke okubhaliweyo umsebenzi sele iguqulelwe Russian, yaye ngokuphindaphindiweyo wafaka ezinkundleni. Uye sokulahla udumo lwalo mdlalo kunye nasemva revolution. Yena waba ngowokuqala ukuba wazibeka USSR. Ngokufuthi efakwa odumileyo Russian Lenkom. Namhlanje, enye kweemveliso ilungileyo umdlalo kufunyanwa khona.

OnjengokaMozart "Usuku Crazy okanye Ukutshata of Figaro"

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba Beaumarchais umdlalo wenze i bulityalwe Mozart. Umqambi wagqiba ukubhala opera "Ukutshata of Figaro", ngokusekelwe imisebenzi ekuchubekeni odumileyo.

Ngokubhala ukuba umqambi yaqala ngo-1785, ngo December. Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa kamva kwenziwa umsebenzi, nangoMeyi 1, 1786 i- opera. Ngelishwa, oko akakakwamkeli impumelelo enjalo kunye nokuqondwa, njengoko uMozart besengxakini. "Ukuhlanganiswa Figaro" liye malivakale kude kuye ekupheleni konyaka, midlalo ePrague elandelayo. Opera iqulathe izenzo ezine. Kuba amanqaku sokwenza kwakhe eziquka inxaxheba wokubethelwa izinto ezineentambo, timpani. Kwakhona esetyenziselwa njengogwali ezimbini, imibhobho, uphondo, oboe ezimbini, ऑप्टीमायझर isilungiseleli kunye bassoon.

Kuba Basso Continuo wasebenzisa icello kunye Harpsichord. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba kuboniswe i- opera uMozart ngokwakhe le okhestra. Ngenxa yoko, ngenxa Beaumarchais wazalwa opera "Ukuhlanganiswa Figaro" yi Mozart.

Lo mboniso lithathelwe lomdlalo ngu Beaumarchais

Kukhubazeko film yokuqala ngo-1961. Lo mboniso wenziwa eFransi, indawo awazalelwa kuyo ekuchubekeni. Ngelishwa, le kukhubazeko langaphandle umboniso kuphela umdlalo. Ezinye kukhubazeko umboniso imizamo esele zenziwe eRashiya.

Kangangexesha elide omnye edlalwa ethandwa eSoviet Union waba 'Ukuhlanganiswa Figaro. " Lenk waba yeqonga, apho kwenzeka ukubona lo mdlalo onwabele abadlali umdlalo. Yiyo le ngxelo, kwagqitywa ekubeni ifilimu ngo-1974, emva kweminyaka emihlanu emva kokuba umboniso lokuqala yokubonela. Le ukuziqhelanisa filimu kuye kwaqatshelwa njengezinye the best, nibulela ngenxenye abadlali abadlala indima engundoqo.

Ngowe-2003, lo mdlalo yathathwa kwakhona. Ngexesha survey wayo kwenziwa ngokudibeneyo imijelo TV Russian kwaye Ukrainian waza wadala i zomculo iKrismesi ngokusekelwe umdlalo. Esi sikrini akanawo ezifana impumelelo, njengoko kuqala umboniso. Uye ukhumbule yonke into ibe rhoqo ozonwabisa ngayo ibonisa.

film 1974

Ngenxa ukuthandwa lomdlalo, kwagqitywa ekubeni abhale ngenxa kamabonakude. Ngokuba lixesha lokuqala mboniso waboniswa kumabonakude ngo-1974, ngomhla wama-29 Apreli. Vhidiyo leyi ibe ngcelele ezimbini. Ubude lokuqala kwaba malunga iyure enesiqingatha, owesibini - ngaphantsi kancinane.

Umlawuli we bhanya baba Vladimir Khramov, umlawuli womzobo - V. Vershinsky. Njengoko kulo mdlalo, umculo uMozart iye yasetyenziswa zefilimu. Emasondweni iye ngokuphindaphindiweyo eboniswe kwi TV, kwaba enye oyithandayo. Ngelishwa, le filimu alubonisi rhoqo size sibone kuba phezu DVD.

abadlali

Ke abadlali abadlala indima umboniso, edume kakhulu Andrei Mironov, abakhonza iminyaka emininzi indima Figaro. Emva kokuba andabikho zingqondweni ekupheleni kumdlalo eqongeni ngowe-1987, yaye kungekudala wafa, wanikezela le yokusebenza. Ngalo lonke ixesha igama bakhe bakhumbula ekupheleni mdlalo.

Graf edlalwe kwi TV uAleksandr Shirvindt, umfazi wakhe - Vera Vasilyeva. Indima eyenziwa Nina Kornienko Suzanne kunye Marceline - Tatiana Pelttsler. Ke Cherubino, inguqulelo TV edlalwa bakhe uAleksandr Voevodin, hayi Boris Galkin, njengoko kule mdlalo yokuqala.

zomculo

Ngowe-2003, kwagqitywa ekubeni ukususa i zomculo ngokusekelwe umdlalo. Kuba ukuqaliswa kweprojekthi ivela umjelo TV "Inter" ne NTV. Kuye kwaba isiko sele ukuba baye bamenywa ukuba iinkwenkwezi ukudubula ye pop Ukrainian kunye Russian. Ezibhaliweyo kunye wayalela amadlozi Gorov waba umqambi - Vitaliy Okorokov.

Eqhuba i movie "Ukutshata of Figaro" eCrimea, esebenzisa nohombisoa engundoqo Vorontsov Palace. Yi disc umboniso ngeengoma evakala kule ngxelo wakhululwa. Ukongeza, umboniso ngokwayo ithiwe thaca kwi-uluntu Cannes.

Abaninzi baye wagxeka ukubhalwa yomculo mazwi Lenkom ngcono kakhulu, kodwa ke - kuphela lumo luthuthu kuyo.

Ngaphandle koku, umntu uyakwazi ukubona kaninzi kwi film kamabonwakude "Ukuhlanganiswa Figaro." Ngoku ke zomculo sele ezithandwa kakhulu. Isizathu soku - ubuhle bendalo kunye ezintle, iingoma emnandi, uninzi lwazo baba hits emva kokuba umboniso.

Nomdlali a Musical

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, iindima eziphambili iimvumi zobungcali zomculo zamenyelwa iinkwenkwezi eyahlukahlukeneyo lwasekhaya. Ngenxa yokuba kule filimu ezininzi iingoma, bekuya kuba faneleki ku isimemo ezi njongo abadlali njengesiqhelo. Ukongeza, yayingeyiyo iprojekthi yokuqala loNyaka oMtsha, "Inter", kwaye zomculo wayengekho eyokuqala abazobi abaninzi.

Indima Figaro eyenziwa Boris Hvoshnyansky. Bala kunye sisidwangube edlalwa Philip klibanov kunye Lolita Milyavskaya. Indima noSusana wayalela Anastasia Stotskaya.

Ukongeza, xa kukhubazeko umboniso inxaxheba iinkwenkwezi ezifana Boris Moiseyev, Sofia Rotaru, Ani Lorak kunye Andrey Danilko.

Izizathu ukuthandwa umdlalo

Isizathu sokuba ukuthandwa imveliso kukuba yenye edlalwa ngopfu drama ehlabathini. Nangona ilungu classicism, iye kunye nencasa ezintsha. Ngoko ke, kulo mdlalo yi Beaumarchais iphakamisa ingxaki bakunanzile ngayo ngamanye amaxesha basebukhosini sizizidenge ezisezantsi ukuxoka nendlela. Umbhali ubonisa ukuba akusoloko umntu oqhelekileyo ayinayo akhuliswe yeengcungcu, usisiyatha.

Lo umdlalo kwakhona umdla umxholo wayo, ulwimi, iziqhulo kunye neemeko funny.

Ngelishwa, umdlalo Beaumarchais likaThixo engafakwanga kuluhlu zokufunda ezifunekayo ekufundeni, kunye nesiqulatho sayo yaziwa ezimbalwa. Kwakhona, hayi zonke iiyunivesithi bakugqala umsebenzi ukufunda kuyo. Ingaba ukuba abathandi idrama ngoko ncwadi abathandi nomdla kuye.

Ngoko ke, namhlanje umdlalo Beaumarchais "uSuku Crazy okanye Ukuhlanganiswa Figaro" abazi bonke, kodwa abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba oku nje zomculo omhle, abhalwa Gorov.

isiphelo

Lomdlalo ngu Beaumarchais, wasinda ngaphezu kwekhulu, ungafunda kwakhona ngabantu abanomdla kwi ezakudala, ingakumbi idrama. Akazange kanye uyibeke eqongeni kulo lonke ihlabathi, oko ezithandwa eRashiya. Kule ncwadi, a bhanyabhanya ezimbalwa abeluxunile ezimbini apho imveliso yasekhaya. Olunye lusekelwe kwindlela ethile kwimveliso wokubonelwa, owesibini - i zomculo yantlandlolo, leyo zaye zasasazeka phakathi kulutsha lwanamhlanje.

Namhlanje, "uSuku Crazy okanye Ukuhlanganiswa Figaro" - a zokusebenza nje kuphela kwi TV kodwa odumileyo Lenkom Theatre. Kwaba kukhona ezibonisa enye kweemveliso ilungileyo umdlalo yi Beaumarchais. efanayo kakhulu ukusebenza lunikezelwa ikwimemori Andreya Mironova, ngubani umdlali wokuqala ukudlala indima Figaro kule imveliso. Ufe phantse kwi yeqonga ngaphandle kokushiya umfanekiso hero.