UMariya Ermolova: biography, ubuchule

UMariya Nikolaevna Ermolova - Star Russian theatre Indawo idume italente yayo emangazayo. ubomi bakhe uye subordinated inkonzo yeqonga, indlela yonke - yinto umzekelo wothando zamaqhawe ya vutshila.

Childhood star elizayo

July 15, 1853 wazalwa starlet scene Maria Yermolov. Biography of actress yaqala entsatsheni enxulumene yeqonga: umkhulu wakhe kanye violin serf kwi Abathetheli Volkonsky, ngenxa iinkonzo zakhe, wafumana inkululeko bakhe bonke ubomi bakhe wayesebenza ngubo le Maly Theatre, uyise wentombazana wayemi apho nje prompter. Ngoko ke, uye ukususela ebuntwaneni Bawela ebomini kweqonga. Xa sijonga le ndawo esuka kwibhokisi le prompter yakhe, wayeqinisekile ukuba uza kuba ngumdlali ongcono. Yena uneminyaka-4 ubudala wayedlala phambi esipilini a imifanekiso eyahlukileyo, kunye nabazali nezakhayo.

Uyise Yermolova waba ubuntu Nutty nezobugcisa, wafunda lukhulu, ayiqabe, wabhala umbongo kunye nemidlalo. Kodwa ngumlinganiswa enzima, owabanyusayo oonyana e kalukhuni ezigabadeleyo, ndangenwa kokuvutha ugonyamelo umsindo phezu zochuku. Oku kuye waphembelela umlinganiswa intombi, lowo ubomi bakhe bonke baselalini babengandithethisi uluntu ngokubanzi, wayethozamile kwaye nabalulamileyo.

Study namaphupho

Yermolova ntsapho phakathi amahlwempu, ukhetho kangaka, apho ukufunda, intombazana wayengekho apho. Ubaba wayekholelwa ukuba abantwana kufuneka umntwana ukukuqhela ubunzima yobomi, ingakumbi zange abakhathalele iziyolo zayo. Le ntwazana nkqu ABC, wafunda ukufunda imidlalo, ezibe luninzi kwidesika kayise wakhe. Xa umntwana ongaphantsi kweminyaka 9 ubudala, kwagqitywa ukuthumela kufunda Moscow Theatre School, kwakukho ezamahala, indawo "karhulumente-" kwi kwisebe ballet, apho Yermolov wabhalisa. Yaqala ukufika iminyaka zinzima yobomi bakhe. italente Dance, Maria akazange, isifundo ngasinye sentuthumbo ngenxa yakhe, kodwa ootitshala afunda waqaphela nobuchule bakhe yokuluka.

Kwiminyaka 13, uyise wakwazi amalungiselelo ukuphuma intombi yakhe yokuqala umboniso mkhulu, wanikwa indima eyiyo "oomolokazana ezilishumi yaye akukho umyeni" kwi Maly Theatre. Image Fanshetty Yermolova wayengekho kufutshane, kwaye impumelelo kuyo ke, ukongezelela, umdlali odumileyo Samarin sigwebo: ". Musa na ukuba ngumdlali weqonga"

Kodwa oku akuzange kumthintele iphupha kaMariya umboniso mkhulu, wayesazi zonke imidlalo abesemnyango Maly Theatre, wayeqinisekile ngayo umsebenzi wakhe, nokuba yintoni. Kwaye ngenkani ukuqhubeka ukuphuhlisa uvumo a webhaleyi.

bt ngempumelelo

Marii Ermolovoy ukunyuka wayengekho enokuxelwa kwangaphambili yaye kulindeleke. Accident kwiminyaka eli-16 waba ithuba kuvela kwinqanaba le-Maly Theatre kwi indima kakhulu. N. Medvedev achaza theatre nokulungiselela Benefis kunye ngokungxamisekileyo efuna ukutshintshwa zizifo G. Fedotova ekwenzeni Lessing "Emilia Galotti" neclassmate uMariya wacebisa candidacy yakhe. debutante Impumelelo eye zangaphaya kobesikulindele, abaphulaphuli ebona iimvakalelo abanyanisekileyo yaye zinzulu umdlali abatsha. Yena ebizelwa kuqubuda izihlandlo ezili-12, nto ingenzeka ukuba debutant. Yermolov yena phantsi kwidayari yakhe: "Ndiyavuya namhlanje." Kodwa bt ngempumelelo zange ayeke izifundo zayo esibuhlungu ballet, kwiminyaka emibini kwafuneka ukuba bayigqibe imfundo yabo esikolweni kwaye kuphela emva kokuba igqityiwe ukuba ngenisa umendo ezinqwenelekayo ngumdlali kakhulu.

Theatre - nxi

Ngoko nangoko emva kokushiya isikolo Yermolov usiwe qembu lwe Maly Theatre. Kodwa ke ulawulo theatre wayeqinisekile ukuba umdlali mfana indima ilungileyo comedy, yaye ekuqaleni banikwe indima kuphela vaudeville. Waba nendima amantombazana aselula engaphucukanga, ebafaka nzulu ngakumbi nangokubandezela ngaphezu wegcisa yona kwasekuqaleni. Nangona kunjalo, indima ingqondo ngo "abantu ebukhobokeni," uMarta ngo "I Tsar xa uMtshakazi" "usapho mthetho," Emma kaThixo Lida ngo "Wedding Krechinsky" Marianne ngo "Tartuffe" waba kuye isiqalo esihle. Kuba iindima Maria Nikolaevna wasondela ngokuzimisela kakhulu ixesha elide ukhangela ubuntu, ukucinga indlela umfanekiso. Iminyaka yokuqala emithathu kwindawo yokubonela waqalisa ukufunda ixesha yakhe, owathunywa ubugcisa, ukuze baphuhlise iitalente zabo.

A bt ngempumelelo kwaye indima yokuqala nzima kakhulu ubomi Yermolova kwindawo yokubonela, ekuqaleni, yena Wayengqongwe umona malevolence. Kwakunzima ukuba abonela kusebenziso lwe nkampani kwakhona ngenxa yobuntu bakhe unsociable. Waye ezininzi Shchepkin usapho inkxaso, izihlobo umdlali odumileyo. ikhaya labo wayesiya eMoscow nezazi, noMariya wakwazi ukuba azise eninzi nabo luncedo eziya kusinceda kuyo kwixesha elizayo.

Talent kabuhlungu ongumdlali

Ngokuthe ngcembe, lo bhanya ebonisa amandla italente Yermolova ndikuyalele naye neendima ngaphezulu kakhulu. Ngowe-1873, waba nethamsanqa ngokwaneleyo ukusebenza kumfanekiso Catherine ngo "Storm" A. I. Ostrovskogo, wachitha iminyaka emininzi bephuhlisa kwaye ufunde le ndima, siphelise kwimfezeko. Talent kufuneka sivuthwe, kwaye umdlali kufuneka bafumane amava, lunwenwe ngamandla. Kwadlula iminyaka emithandathu ngaphambi kokuba Maly Theatre kwakhanya amandla yayo yonke inkwenkwezi lokwenyaniso omtsha - Maria Yermolov. Actress ngo-1876 kwafika ikwimo entle kwaye ilungele inzuzo. Ngokukodwa habitue wesangqa kwi Shchepkin Sergey Yuryev kuba iguqulelwe lomdlalo ngu inkawu de Vega kaThixo "Sheep umthombo" indima uLawrence okuyinto enhle umcimbi onjalo. Lo mdlalo waba nempumelelo enkulu, isihlwele ngolangazelelo umgwaqo kwaye endaweni amahashe awayezibhokoxa impahla yakhe endlwini, waza ke wenza umdlali endlwini phezu kwezandla.

Oko kwaba sisiqalo band sonwabe ebomini Marii Ermolovoy. Ivula kwixesha elitsha kwi Maly Theatre - ilixa romance. isipho sakhe lyrical baqonda ngokupheleleyo kwiindima ezifana Ophelia, Desdemona, Esterel kwi "Star of Seville", uElizabhete kwi "Don Carlos."

Kodwa ke ubuqaqawuli inkulu Marii Ermolovoy wenza iindima yeengxaki sedrama, zavula kunye ukuphelela italente yakhe. Phaedra, Sappho, Lady Macbeth edlalwa umdlali okunoneleleyo ababukeli nabagxeki. Afike yakhe ngokupheleleyo.

Kungalo idrama lwangoku

Ekupheleni kwale 80 kunye 90 ngenkulungwane ye-19 Yermolov Maria atyekela yaba nkulu wanamhla, Nezingathanga mfuneko angathabatheki bokubanga ezendeleyo izinto zakudala. Apha kugxininiswa imixholo zemihla ngemihla kunye nabalinganiswa olusengqiqweni. iinkalo ezintsha kwetalente Yermolova zibhengezwa nemidlalo ye Russian bemidlalo A. N. Ostrovskogo, Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko, AI Sumbatov-Ugine, M. I. Chaykovskogo, A. S. Suvorina. Izama nje ngokwakhe ngendlela entle, kodwa libhekisela abalinganiswa ezimbi.

Kwiminyaka yokugqibela umsebenzi

Ukususela 1910s ukuya umsebenzi wobungcali weqonga itshintshiwe, repertoire yakhe njengesiqhelo, akabi wayefuna ukudlala ngenxa yobudala bakhe. UMariya Ermolova Kwanyanzeleka ukuba libhekisela iindima yoomama kunye nabasetyhini. Kodwa ngeli thuba, waba impumelelo creative, ezibandakanya indima Queen noMarta Ostrovsky kaThixo "nguDmitry i Pretender and Vasily Shumsky" Mamelfy Dmitrievny kwi "usodolophu" A. K. Tolstogo, Fru Alving e Ibsen kaThixo "sinciphile".

Ngowe-1920, ngokumangalisayo kubhiyozelwa iminyaka engama-50 umsebenzi wakhe wokudala, urhulumente waseSoviet esabela ngayo kwisihloko Artist Abantu ngayo weRiphabliki, yaba umdlali wokuqala ezimbalini ukufumana isihloko enjalo. Urhulumente yiSoviet kwi 70s enqanaweni kwinkulungwane yama-20 usungule "UMariya Ermolova", awamnika igama layo kudidi lonke umkhweli watercraft.

Ngowe-1923, uhamba ngokusesikweni eqongeni. Kodwa iyaqhubeka ukunika Ikonsathi njenge reciter yesihobe, wadibana kunye nabaphulaphuli.

iindima best

Actress Yermolov Maria Nikolaevna a kabuhlungu italente enamandla, kuba ubomi bakhe eziqulathwe eqongeni ngaphezu imifanekiso 300. Kodwa abagxeki yayo engundoqo indima Ndikhala uJoan of Arc ngo "Ntombi of Orleans" Schiller. Oku uyidlale iminyaka emininzi ukuba "babethe" ukusuka iSABC, yaye kuphela ngo-1884 ukuya sigaba imvume imvume. Kwiminyaka elandelayo 18, swi akazange aye eqongeni, kwaye Yermolov kuwo nje kuphela umfutho. Phakathi iindima best nazo ziquka: ". Tale Winter kaThixo" Negin kwi "Isiphiwo kwaye abawathandayo" Ostrovsky, Kruchinina kumdlalo wakhe "ndiya kubanetyala Ngaphandle Unetyala" UMariya Stuart kumdlalo Schiller kaThixo, Phaedra Racine, Hermione e Shakespeare

Marii Ermolovoy theatre - amava yeqonga kunye diving. Yena kuthwelwe inkqubo K. S. Stanislavskogo.

Uzuko actress waziwa namhlanje kuphela bexesha lakhe, iifoto Marii Ermolovoy azibonisi zonke charisma yakhe imilingo kunye nokwenziwa kwemisebenzi yayo phezu ifilimu azizange iyaqhutywa. Nangona kunjalo, kuyaziwa ukuba bebamb 'ongezantsi abaphulaphuli ubunzulu kunye namandla yamava, wakwazi ukuveza iintshukumo ezininzi ezifihlakeleyo umphefumlo nomoya.

wabucala

Zonke ababephila athi ubomi Yermolov yaba wayethozamile kunene egadeni, akazange afune ubunewunewu, ngokudlulisela encinane. Ngoko ke, ukususela imihombiso kuyo zinokubonakala umtya neeperile kuphela, ukususela iimpahla icela ilokhwe plain emnyama. Kule indlu leyo bume obungqabangqaba kakhulu, ukuba ihonjiswe kuphela ngeentyatyambo ezinikelwe yi abaphulaphuli.

Yermolov watshata Nikolaya Shubinskogo nokuba eselula ukuba uthando olukhulu, nto leyo ngokukhawuleza dissipated, wafumanana dissimilarity ebonakalayo abalinganiswa nesimo sengqondo amaqabane. Kodwa UMariya Nikolaevna Ermolova ubomi waqhubeka ephila umntu yomazalelela yaba yintombi yakhe. Ababephila wathi kamva baqweqwediswa yothando lwakhe olukhulu zezenzululwazi abahlala e-Europe. Yermolov kodwa akazange nabuganga ukunyibilika umtshato.

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ubomi bakhe eninzi uvuyo uwuhlangule umzukulwana UNick, umntu bachitha ixesha elininzi. 12 ku March 1928 wafa umdlali Russian omkhulu Yermolov Maria Nikolaevna.