Ukwamkelwa kwamazinyo: inkqubo

Ukuqinisekiswa okusemgangathweni kwamathambo wamazinyo sele kungeyomfuneko enyanzelekileyo. Yenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba umntu othi amabango anezakhono zamazinyo kwaye oye wakhankanya ngemfundo yeprofayili, kwaye ngokwenene angasebenza kwinqanaba elikhethiweyo. Ukubhengezwa kuyimfuneko kubo bonke iingcali ezifundiswa kwekhemistiki, ugqirha okanye enye enxulumene neyeza. Nangona kunjalo, ikhomishini yokugunyazwa yadibana namazinyo angaphambili kunabanye babo oogxa abavela kwezinye iindawo zonyango.

Usebenza njani?

Ukugqitywa kwemvume, udokotela wamazinyo kufuneka avele phambi kwekhomishini yeprojekthi. Inkqubo kufuneka igqitywe ngokukhawuleza emva kokugqiba. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umsebenzi "ugqirha wamazinyo" waqinisekiswa ngumbono onguchwepheshe, kwaye ikhomishoni yagqiba ukuba izinga leemfundo liwanele, oku akuthethi ukuba i-epic iphelile. Ngokwemiqathango ekhoyo kunye nemimiselo, kubalulekile ukuphinda le nkqubo rhoqo. Umsebenzi "wamazinyo" kufuneka uqinisekiswe yonke iminyaka emihlanu entsha. Oku kuthetha ukuba nge-five-year periodicity kuya kufuneka ibonakale phambi komishoni kwaye iqinisekise ukuthotyelwa kweposi.

Abantu abaninzi abaye bafumana imfundo yamazinyo ixesha elide kwaye abazange basebenze kuyo ukususela ngoko, banokumangaliswa yinto eqhelekileyo. Kwaye kuyinyaniso, yafakwa kuphela ngo-2016 ngumyalelo owamkelwe phantsi kwenombolo 127n. Ngaphambili, bekungekho mfuneko, nangona kwakukho inkqubo efanayo yokuqinisekiswa. Kuyavunywa, ukuqaliswa komgangatho omtsha wezomthetho kubangela isiphepho sokunganeliseki, kwaye noyikrokra phakathi koogqirha, apho umthetho ohlaziyiweyo wawubonakala ungakhange uqondwe kakubi.

Njani, kuphi, obani?

Enyanisweni, kubalulekile ukuba nawuphi na ugqirha wamazinyo ukuze azi ukuba ukugunyazwa kudlula, ngubani ofuna ukuyidlulisa, kwaye ngubani osindayo ekusebenzisaneni nekhomishini. Kulandela umyalelo ukuba abo bafumana imfundo ephakamileyo kwimiba yezokwelapha, amazinyo, kunye nomgangatho osemgangathweni wemfundo kwinkalo yonyango lwabantu, baya kuvunywa. Ukongezelela, ikhomishoni yokugunyazwa nayo ibangelwa bonke abo babambe ezinye iindidi zemfundo phakathi kwalabo abafuna ukugunyazwa okuphambili. Imigangatho yemfundo, eyamkelwa kwilizwe lethu, xela ukuba yeyiphi iindidi.

Ukuba umntu udlulisile inkqubo yoqeqesho lwabaqeshwa abaqeqeshekileyo okanye ufunde ngaphantsi kwenkqubo yokufundisa eyongezelelweyo, ngokuqhelekileyo kubonakala kumaphepha asemthethweni ngokuthi "ukuhlaziywa kobugcisa", ngoko kuya kufuneka kuvele phambi komishoni. I-qualification yamazinyo kufuneka iqinisekiswe yi-khomishini kwaye ukuba ngaba oogqirha bafunda ngaphesheya.

Zonke zaqala njani?

Ukususela ekuqaleni, imisebenzi yemeko yokuvunywa kwabadokotela bamazinyo ayilwanga ngokucacileyo ukwenzela ukuba abangekho abaqeqeshi beli funda baxhomekeke. Kodwa kwakusele kucacile ukususela kwixesha lokuqala ukuba umyalelo omtsha uza kuba nefuthe elikhulu ekuqalekeni komsebenzi wamazinyo, amayeza. Kwakukho ukuqaliswa kweendlela ezintsha zokuvavanya kwinqanaba lemfundo eliqalile. Nangona kunjalo, abaninzi baya kuvuma, ukuvunyelwa kweengcali kwiyeza kwilizwe lethu bekude kube yinkinga ebuhlungu. Abantu abanamathemba oogqirha, kwaye le milinganiselo iya kubuya nokholo kuncedo olufanelekileyo kakhulu. Ubuncinane, oku kwaba kubalwa xa umthetho udluliselwe.

Ngexesha elifanayo, kufuneka kuphawulwe ukuba ukuqinisekiswa kweengcali akuzange kube yinto entsha ngokutsha. Ngaphambili, oogqirha kufuneka ukuba baqinisekiswe, okwakuthatyathwa ngokutsha yikhomishini entsha.

Zithini iingcali?

Ekuqaleni, abaninzi banokungabaza ukuba kwakuchanekile ukubamba imvume ngaphandle kwamagqirha amazinyo kwezinye iingcali, kubandakanywa neekhemisti. Njengoko abahlalutyi bathi, oomasempile nabo bangabasebenzi benkqubo yempilo kwilizwe lethu, ngoko kunengqiqo ukunyusa imithetho efanayo. Nangona kunjalo, bekukho ubungqina bokuthi oku kuya kubangalisa abantu kude nomsebenzi wangempela kwaye kungekudala ilizwe liya kubakho ukungabikho kwabasebenzi kule ndawo. Enyanisweni, akukho nanyathelo lokugqibela kumbandela.

Enye ingxaki, ejongene nokuvunyelwa ngokuthe ngqo kwamagqirha wamazinyo, ngumba wokukhetha amalungu ekhomishini. Kwaye nanamhlanje akukho zibonakaliso ezichanekileyo kunye ezicacileyo malunga nendlela imigangatho yobungcali kunye neendlela zokujonga ukuthotyelwa kwazo. Ekuqaleni, kwaziswa ukuba iingcali zekhomishini ziya kuqeqeshwa ngokukodwa, kodwa empeleni ukuphumelela kwalo mgaqo kusephantsi kombuzo omkhulu.

Oku kunika ntoni?

Ngaphantsi komthetho omtsha, ukuvunyelwa kwabadokotela bamazinyo kuyimfuneko, ngenxa yokokuba oogqirha bafumana isatifikethi esikhethekileyo. Ngaphandle kobufakazi namhlanje akunakwenzeka ukusebenza. Nangona kunjalo, vumela ozinyo bamazinyo kunye neentaka zokuqala, ngo-2017 umkhwa wandalela kwamanye amasebe eyeza.

Ukuqinisekiswa kwamazinyo kuqhutyelwa kwizigaba ezintathu:

1. Vavanyo.
2. Uvavanyo lwezakhono xa usebenzisa izixhobo.
3. Ukumodareyitha komsebenzi wekliniki.

Sekuqaleni ngo-2016, ngaphambi kokuba kuqalwe umgangatho wokubhaliswa kwemvume, oogqirha abanokukwazi ukuqonda oko bajongeyo. Kwiiwebhusayithi zeSebe lezeMpilo, isikhungo sezobuchule esinoxanduva lokuqinisekisa izinga leengcali, kuye kwapapashwa iimvavanyo eziliqela eziliqela, ngenxa yexesha apho kwakufuneka kuhlolwe umsebenzi wamazinyo. Ngokuqinisekileyo, akukho bani unikezela umqulu onjalo kwiimviwo, kodwa iisethi zeemibuzo zakhethwa kulezi ziseko zokuqala, ezenza kube lula ukwenza izabelo ezithile. Ngendlela, izibonelelo ezibonakalayo zivumela ukuba wenzele ukhetho olunjalo ngokwakho, vavanya amandla akho, kwaye ufunde amaphuzu akho ngaphaya kweemeko ezixinzelelekileyo. Kwinguqu yeklasi, ubude bokulungiselela ngehora elilodwa kunye neyure, apho kufuneka uphendule imibuzo engama-60. Kukho iimpendulo ezine kule mibuzo.

Konke kanye?

Kwabaninzi, indlela yelizwe ekukhethiweyo kwabo bazakwamkelwa kwaye abo bangasongelwayo babonakala banomdla. Kwagqitywa ukuba ngexesha elifanelekileyo lonke ilizwe akufanele lihanjiswe kwiindlela ezintsha. Ngoko, de kube ngu-2021, abo basebenzayo kakade baya kunikwa izatifikethi zivumelekile de kube ngu-2026.

Yaye yintoni entsha?

Kubonakala ngathi incinane ishintshile, kwaye ichaphazela kakhulu abafundi. Ngaba kunjalo? Ngo-2016 kwagqitywa ukuba kuqaliswe indlela entsha yemfundo kwinkalo yeyeza-zenze umzamo wokuzisa, oko kuthiwa okuqhubekayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba amazinyo kunye nabahlengikazi kufuneka baphakamise ubuchule bokuphuculwa kwezakhono kungekhona yonke iminyaka emihlanu, kodwa rhoqo ukufunda izinto ezintsha.

Kwaye kuthetha ukuthini oko?

Iingcali zivavanya ngokuqinisekileyo lo mbono, ekubeni indlela yangaphambili yayingenasiphelo ixesha elide. Ngokwemigangatho yangaphambili, oogqirha babenokukwazi ukuhlaziywa kancinci kwezakhiwo, ngenxa yendlela inkqubo yokunikezela ngoncedo phantsi komhlaba engenakuphelelwa lithemba emva kwezinto zangempela zehlabathi kunye nemikhwa - akukho mntu wazi ngayo.

Inzululwazi ikhula ngokukhawuleza, iindlela ezintsha, iindlela, amayeza akhulayo, kunye neziyobisi eziqhelekileyo neziqhelekileyo zonke ziya kwixesha elidlulileyo ngenxa yemiphumo engabonakaliyo. Enyanisweni, ukuba ulwazi malunga nezibuyekezo ezinjalo kumachiza kuza kumgqirha kanye kuphela kwiminyaka emihlanu, akukho mbuzo wokuthotyelwa kwezilindelo zabaxhasi. Kwaye ukufihla, ezininzi zezifundo eziphambili zee-dentists ziphindaphinda nje oko kufundwe kunyaka wesithandathu weyunivesithi, ngaphandle kokunyamekela imeko yangempela kwiliyeza.

Imfundo eyongezelelweyo kunye nokuvunywa

Kucingwa ukuba inkqubo ehlaziyiweyo iya kwenza inkqubo yamazinyo athole imfundo eyongezelelekileyo ngakumbi. Ukuba ngaphambili kwakunokwenzeka ukubala kwiiyure ezingama-144 zeeklasi kunye nexesha eliphakathi kweminyaka emihlanu phakathi kwe "ezimbini iinqanaba" zolwazi, ngoku unokufumana iiyure ezingama-250 zihanjiswe kwisithuba seminyaka emihlanu ngokulinganayo. Ngendlela, ngokwemimiselo emdala, ezi zi-144 iiyure zazingqineka kwiiveki ezine kuphela. Ngokuqinisekileyo, oku kuchaphazela ukuhambelana nolwazi, kungabi khankanya ukuba ukubaluleka bekukude kulandelelaniswe nokulindela.

Umyalelo weSebe lezeMpilo unyanzelisa amazinyo ukuba athole amaphupha ama-50 okanye iiyure ezihambelana nomsebenzi kwinqanaba lokunyusa izinga lolwazi kunye nezakhono phakathi konyaka. Ngelo xesha, kunokwenzeka ukuba ufumane onke amanqaku kanye, kodwa kungekhona. Ngokomzekelo, unokuhlala uthabatha iiprogram zokuqeqeshwa kwexesha elifutshane-zithi, iyure ezingama-18. Ukongeza, unakho ukuya kwiinkomfa kunye nokuthatha iinkqubo zokufunda kude. Konke oku kukuvumela ukuba uqokelele amaphulo kunye neeyure, eziza kukunceda ukufumana imvume xa ixesha lichanekile.

Ukwaziswa kunye nemivuzo: enye ngaphandle komnye ayinakwenzeka?

Ukuqaliswa kunye nokuvunyelwa, kwaye inkqubo yokuphuculwa okongeziweyo kwinqanaba lemfundo isenziwa ngokuthe ngcembe, kumanyathelo. Ngoko, owokuqala ukubetha yilobo bafanele bafumane imvume yokuqala ebomini, abafumana isatifikethi sokugqibela. Ngo-2017, iqela elilandelayo laqala. Ngokutsho koqikelelo lokuqala lweengcali, ukuya kwii-250 000 iingcali ziza kubandakanywa kwindlela entsha entsha ngonyaka. Oku kuthetha ukuba kulolu suku kukho abo abavunyelwe ukuvunywa. Nangona kunjalo, amagosa athembisa ukuba kungekudala emva koko bonke baya kugutywa.

Musa ukukhawuleza. Kwaye kuyimfuneko?

Ukuba ugqirha owayeza kungena kwisigaba esitsha sokubhengezwa akagwebi ukudlulisa ikhomishini, akayi kukwazi ukusebenza. Kodwa akusiyo wonke umntu onokudlula ukuvunyelwa, kodwa omnye kuphela ovele eneprofayile kwi-portal yemfundo eqhubekayo ye-NMA.

Ngokomzekelo, imeko yile: ukuba umntu ufumene isatifiketi ngaphambi ko-2016 kwaye ngoku usebenza njengodokotela wamazinyo, kodwa kufuneka ahlaziywe ngo-2017, ngo-2018, oku kuthetha ukuba kufuneka ujoyine i-NMA, apho uqokelela khona amanqaku. Okokuthi, ngo-2017, ugqirha uya kufumana isatifiketi kwifomu endala, kodwa ukususela ngeli xesha umlinganiselo wokubala uza kuqala - kufuneka uqokelele ubuncinane amaqondo angama-250 kwiprofayili yakho kwiminyaka emihlanu. Ukuba oku kuphumelela, sinokucinga ukuba ukuqinisekiswa kuya kudluliselwa ngokuzayo, oko kuthetha ukuba ugqirha wamazinyo uya kugcina ilungelo lokusebenza kule ntsimi.

Kwaye ukuba akunjalo?

Ngokuqinisekileyo, kukho abantu abangenayo iminyaka emihlanu ukufumana inani elifanelekileyo lamaphupha. Kuhlala kwenzeka, kungakhathaliseki ukuba yeyiphi inkqubo yemfundo eyenziwa. Nangona kunjalo, iingcali zithembisa ukuba enye indlela eya kuvela kwimeko iya kuphuhliswa ngokukhethekileyo kweli qela labantu. Kucingelwa ukuba i-Impact emihle iya kunikwa ngokuqaliswa kwezifundo ezinzulu ezikuvumela ukuba uqokelele amaphupha alahlekileyo. Ngaphandle koko, ugqirha uya kunikwa ixesha elide lokulungisa ingxaki.

Ndijonga emva kweNtshona

Le nkqubo yaqaliswa kungekuqaleni, ubulungiseleli bahlalutya amava ngamazwe athuthukisiwe, apho iinjongo ezifanayo zokufumana imfundo kunye nokugqitywa kwemvume ngabadokotela bamazinyo sele beqhuba. Kweli lizwe amaninzi, ithuba lokuthatha ixesha elide, kunye nezifundo ezahlukahlukeneyo nazo ziyaziswa. Kwanele nje ukukopisha inkqubo, ukulungisa oko kwenzekayo kwelizwe lethu. Iingcali zithembisa ukuba inkqubo yokuqhubeka imfundo kwinkalo yeyeza iza kuphuculwa rhoqo. Ngendlela, imilinganiselo yeyure sele isetyenziswe ngokufanayo kunye neyayisebenzisela oogqirha baseYurophu.

Iingxaki zihlala zihlala

Kakade ke, kungakhathaliseki ukuba kuqinisekiswe njani ukuqinisekiswa kwamagqirha azinyathelo, le nkqubo inemiphetho. Ngoko ke, into enhle iyahluke kwiindlela zokufundisa eziphezulu kumaziko emfundo kwelizwe, akuqhelekanga oogqirha, ootitshala kunye namagosa. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba ekuqaleni kuya kubakho ukunganeliseki nokungaqondi. Enyanisweni, umsebenzi uqhubeka ukuncedisa ukuguqulwa kwenguqu kwimfundo yunivesithi ukuya kwimfundo eyongezelelweyo ngexesha lomsebenzi.

Kwakhona, iikhosi ezimfutshane ziphuhliswa eziza kubavumela abaqeshi kwikamva lamathambo amazinyo ukuba bahambe ukuqeqeshwa iintsuku eziliqela ngonyaka. Oku kuya kunceda ukulahlekelwa ngumqeshwa ngokukhawuleza ixesha elide, kwaye ugqirha uya kunika ithuba lokubala amanqaku afunekayo.