Ukuvuleka 308 Win: ncomo, iinkcukacha, kunye ballistics

Ukuvuleka 308 libhekisela kwiqela elikhulu lupwa lokuzingela neekhatriji, nto leyo iba imihlaba ebanzi kakhulu isicelo kunye nokusasazwa. Eli qela libandakanya iqela efana kakhulu iimpawu zayo zobugcisa kwiintlobo emthethweni, iphuhliswe ngokwesiseko neekhatriji bodidi wamashumi ezisetyenziswa kwi-US Army Ekuveleni XIX - XX eminyaka. Ukuvuleka 308 ubhetyebhetye kwaye ngokufanelekileyo iimfuno yomkhosi kunye nokuzingela. Le iCartridge iyekelela phantse zonke iinkampani ezinkulu ehlabathini. Zininzi neekhatriji iinguqulelo ezahlukileyo phantsi iingalo 308 iimbumbulu ukuvuleka kukho iimpawu awahlukeneyo azinampembelelo scope kunye data weave. Uluhlu nokuzingela zokuzenzela kunye nezixhobo zemfazwe, usebenzisa le ukuvuleka kukuthi kakhulu ububanzi balo yaye ibandakanya, phakathi kwezinye izinto, zasekhaya ezintsha. Le ukuvuleka kangangoko ngeendlela ezininzi, kuquka nokuchaneka obethe, ngaphantsi bahlehla, izixhobo nangakumbi ukukhanya phantsi kwalo iCartridge kwaye ububanzi recharge esizisebenzelayo ubunakho. abenzi Domestic kwezixhobo wokuzingela kudala basebenzisa isakhono zizicatshulwa 308 kwaye inikeza ezininzi iimbumbulu bodidi 308 ngexabiso elifikelelekayo, kwakunye nokuphuhlisa ezahlukeneyo emitsha afohlela ngokuhambelana iintsingiselo zamvanje yokumanya izixhobo wokuzingela, kuquka ezahlukeneyo kunye imiphanda interchangeable kunye shutter kwindawo.

Ezazingaphambi numbers ukuvuleka

Imbali gauge wamashumi amathathu American ubuyela "chuck kurhulumente» 45-70 Urhulumente, ukuveliswa eyaqala ngo-1873.

Kwaba iimbumbulu nzima yaye ephantsi-amandla monovalent Springfield umpu zomkhosi mpawu zilandelayo:

1. Le ukuvuleka - 11,63 mm.
2. Powder Charge - 4,54 g
3. Bullet Weight - 26.2 g
4. Power - 3000 ziijowule.

Yaba sinoMthetheleli ka nguva yin'wana lotshintsho xa kwakukho indawo powder abamnyama ukuba msi pyroxylin iintlobo. ukusebenza kwayo ballistic kwaye ukuyeka isiphumo iyafana kakhulu umgama ongangowokutola bullet evela bodidi shotgun 16. Ekuveleni kwenkulungwane Wezomkhosi US wayefuna iCartridge entsha, okulula, msi wompu kunye afohlela ukuvuleka ezincinci phinda. Ngoko ke ngo-1892 kwakukho iCartridge 30-40 How umpu How-Jorgensen. Yaba ilungu yokuqala entsapho labathengi yaseMelika bodidi wamashumi amathathu, ebinezinto sleeves ezimilise ibhotile-Classic. Umahluko iphambili yale iCartridge ukusuka kuphuhliso okulandelayo oluvelayo esisangqa ekupheleni ngasemva emkhonweni. iimpawu zayo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. ukuvuleka - 7.8 mm.
2. Ubude - 78,5 mm.
3. Bullet - 6-13 g
4. I-initial Izinga - 883-820 m / s.
5. isicheme Energy - 2529 J.

Yaba elibukhali jump phezulu kunye noluhlu ukuchaneka lomlilo. Kumgama oziimitha ezingama-200 xa zokudubula indlela tyaba bullet ohla ku-2 cm. Ibutho isebenzisa le iCartridge yasetyenziswa elide, kodwa zokuzingela izilwanyana ezinkulu ukuya kwi 250 kg isasetyenziswa nangoku.

Eyona engundoqo abameli bodidi wamashumi American

Zonke ngabaxumi entsapho athembekileyo sleeves ezifanayo ezimilise ibhotile-, kwakunye 30-40 How, kodwa ke akukho esisangqa eveleleyo.

Abameli ephambili bodidi wamashumi amathathu ziyilelwe njenge iimbumbulu encinane-ukuvuleka ukuba udidi handguns. Ezi nemoto ziyahluka ngobude emkhonweni, nto leyo echaphazela isixa kwazo, kwakunye imilo, ubunzima kunye noyilo iimbumbulu. Sleeve ngaphandle aphumele esisangqa luphuhliso waseJamani kwaye siyilelwe afohlela nohlobo lowu ibhokisi Mauser M 98. ummeli lokuqala thotho classic kwemijikelo ye American steel wamashumi omathathu ukuvuleka ezakhiwe afohlela Springfield, ezo iikopi zale afohlela zikhankanywe ngasentla isiJamani lowu bhokisi kwaye svobodnoskolzyaschim batshintshana lizulu. Ngenkulungwane yokuqala omabini kwakukho ezimbini iimbumbulu ezinjalo. It ulinganisa 30-03 kunye 30-06 Springfield. Omabini la iCartridge kwahluka enye kwenye ubukhulu kunye nokumila iCartridge bullet. Ukuvuleka 30-06 has kwisingxobo elifutshane ngo 1,77 mm, kodwa umahluko kakhulu okuphawulekayo kuyilo iimbumbulu. 30-03 has a enzima ukuvuleka imbumbulu zalishumi 14.3 g nge ngesetyhula intloko nesabelo. Kule kwibhulethi wajika ngokwaneleyo ukuze ke kudutyulwe flatness yokusebenza eliphezulu, kodwa yena uye iipropati kakhulu ukuyeka. Ezi mpawu ziye zakhokelela ekubeni umsebenzi wayo elifutshane emkhosini yaye kungekudala uza angashenxela kudidi iimbumbulu ukuzingela. Owokugqibela mabini amanani abonisa ukuvuleka lokutyumba ngomnyaka yokuqulunqa le iButho iimbumbulu. Ukuvuleka 30-03 - 1903 kwisixeko bodidi 30-06 - 1906 Ukwamkelwa yamkela wamashumi entsha iCartridge ukuvuleka kwiminyaka nje ezintathu ngenxa iimbumbulu. AmaJamani ngenxa afohlela iimagazini waqalisa ukwenza iimbumbulu labuza ukuba kukhanya waba ukuchana ngakumbi. EUnited States nangoko awasabela ngayo ezintsha German waza wathabatha uguqulelo kwabo iCartridge kunye imbumbulu etsolo zalishumi 9.7 polnoobolochnoy Ngoko zizicatshulwa 30-06, nto leyo isasetyenziswa nangoku njenge iimbumbulu yasemkhosini, loo nto ithathwa le neekhatriji lokuzingela ixhaphakileyo ehlabathini.

Ingxaki kokukhetha izixhobo ukuvuleka wamashumi amathathu

Inyani yokuba Kukho iindidi ezimbini eziphambili kunye zixhaphakileyo eyongeziweyo lobeko lwe wamashumi amathathu iimbumbulu ukuvuleka kunye phantse efanayo wokuhlolwa neempawu, kodwa ke zifuna ezimbini ezahlukeneyo ze egumbini uyilo kunye nesayizi yesilayidi. Esi sixhobo i igeyiji 308 win gauge 30-06 kunye. Le ngxaki rhoqo ezijongene abazingeli abo basandula kuqalisa, ngokuba banikela phantse umpu okufanayo neekhatriji kunye ballistics efanayo, kodwa ukhetho kwezixhobo kuxhomekeke ngokuzibophelela kwi uhlobo oluthile emthethweni. Kule imeko ebangwa ukuphoxeka ngaphantsi, kufuneka uchaze ukuba kutheni le ngxaki kwaba maxa onke. Ukusola US emkhosini, njengoko zombini neekhatriji zenzelwe ukulwa izixhobo kuba US Army. Ukuvuleka iCartridge 308 luguqulelo Lalifutshane 30-06 gauge. uguqulelo kwanciphisa wabonakala emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, xa iimfuno zomkhosi kwakufuneka iCartridge omtsha oluphakathi kunye nefuthe ezibuthathaka ngokusekelwe kuyo kube yinto enokwenzeka ukuvelisa inkqubo entsha kwezixhobo oluzenzekelayo. sleeve emifutshane yenza kube lula ukwenza ngokuzenzekelayo indawo ngenxa icala elifutshane yesilayidi, kwaye buthathaka amandla ekhaleni kudala ezifuneka ngakumbi ukunciphisa umzimba izixhobo. Ekuqaleni-imi- 50 zizicatshulwa 308 eyamkelwa yi-US Army kunye namanye amazwe - amalungu NATO. Oku iCartridge isasetyenziswa nangoku emishini, umatshini ngemipu sniper zokuzenzela e West. On ubunzima kunye ballistics kuzingela izixhobo ukuguqula wamashumi omathathu isampuli ubungakanani bodidi iCartridge ngo-1906 phantse akukho isiphumo. Yiloo nto kukho imijikelo emibini ye bodidi, phantsi ezenziwe phantse umpu into enye ubude eyahlukileyo stroke yesilayidi.

Igeyiji 308 yahlukile igeyiji win 30-06 isicelo zokuzingela

Ukuvuleka 30-06 isampula 1906 neneempawu zilandelayo:

1. Gauge - 7,62 mm (ubukhulu practical - 7,82 mm).
2. Ubude iCartridge - 84,84 mm.
ubude 3. sleeve - 63,35 mm.
4. Iimbumbulu uluhlu ubunzima anokwenzeka - 6,54-16,2 isixeko
5. I-initial Izinga - 820-976 m / s.
6. uluhlu ekhaleni eneji - J. 3200-4126.
7. Ukubanako ukuxhobisa ngesandla bullet iCartridge ezifunwayo kunye nobungakanani eyimfuneko ngumgubo.

Ukuvuleka 308 win na ezi mpawu zilandelayo:

1. Gauge - 7,62 mm (ubukhulu practical - 7,82 mm).
2. Ubude iCartridge - 71,05 mm.
ubude 3. sleeve - 51,18 mm.
4. Uluhlu iintsimbi bullet - 6,54-13, i
5. I-initial Izinga - 800-950 m / s.
6. isicheme Energy - 3600 J.

iyantlukwano engephi kwaye umahluko kwexabiso

It nemoto babe neempawu ezifana zobugcisa kunye nokusebenza kwabo ballistic phantse efanayo. Ukuvuleka 30-06 uyakwazi ukuxhobisa i iimbumbulu enzima, kodwa yeenzuzo zizicatshulwa emlonyeni 308 zinokubakho kuphela xa amandla ehambelana ubude Umphanda kunye twist ehambelana kunye nokusetyenziswa ngumgubo okhethekileyo yokutsha bamxhasa. Umahluko kakhulu phakathi kwezi zixhobo na iindleko zabo kunye nokufumaneka kwi kwimarike Russian. Rhweba 308 ukuvuleka zokuzingela lingaphantsi kwe-30-06. Kodwa zombini calibers iimbumbulu yasekhaya, apho abiza kakhulu ngaphezu kwabo elizweni, zahlukile kakhulu umgangatho. Mba lowo ngokoluvo kubazingeli, 30-06 ukuvuleka imveliso Barnaul ngensimbi tyala kakhulu izikhalazo ukuchaneka kudubula, inani nokulibaziseka lokudubula shutter yindlela jamming. Kodwa yasekhaya ukuvuleka 308 abe kakhulu eyanelisayo zomgangatho ngaphantsi. Xa ozikhethele izixhobo wamashumi American ukuvuleka kufuneka athathe ingqalelo enkulu umahluko ixabiso iimbumbulu obukhoyo phakathi umgangatho engenisiwe neekhatriji .30-06 ukuvuleka kunye zasekhaya izixhobo ukuvuleka 308, kubuye kube yinto eyamkelekileyo umgangatho. Kuzo zombini ezi meko, umahluko kwi iimpawu ballistic iya kuba awungeni ndawo. Phantsi kwinguqulelo Lalifutshane umxhasi American bodidi wamashumi omathathu wokuzingela ezakhiwe ngayo kwimarike kukho uluhlu olubanzi anokukhetha imifuziselo izixhobo.

ballistics

Ballistics ukuvuleka 308 sele Okukodwa ethile. bullet Loss isantya 308 ukuvuleka kunye yayo lisisiqalo kwi tyaba kuxhomekeke ubunzima bullet, uhlobo lwayo kunye ngamakhono iCartridge ethile. Le tafile yamanani ibonisa indlela iimpawu othelekiso emthethweni ezahlukeneyo ballistic ngexesha zokudubula kumgama oziimitha ezingama-200 kunye twist of neesentimitha ezili-12.

Ukususela theyibhile ingentla ibonisa ukuba ballistics kwi 308 neekhatriji ukuvuleka kbavelisi ezahlukeneyo zinokwahluka kakhulu ngenxa iimbumbulu ezahlukeneyo ubunzima kusetyenziswa, iimilo zazo ezahlukeneyo kunye nobungakanani ezahlukeneyo kunye nomgangatho kumgubo lowo wodongwe. 308 ukuvuleka yokusebenza wokuhlolwa yemveliso zasekhaya neekhatriji neekhatriji ngandlel ngaphantsi kwamanye amazwe, nto leyo ziboniswa kwitheyibhile.

Izinto eziluncedo ngokuzingela kweenkqubo izixhobo 308 ukuvuleka

308 ukuvuleka okuzingela zokuzenzela abe nande, okuzenzekelayo, okuzenzelekayo kunye zibangele kunye yayidibanisa eziliqela emilambo ezahlukeneyo abanjalo. Self-ekulayisheni afohlela oluzenzekelayo phantsi bodidi wamashumi amathathu asisifutshane betha ngakumbi ngqo ngenxa imbuyekezo ephantsi. Carabiner 308 ukuvuleka lokuzingela lineqela nezinye iingenelo. carbines Single-shot babe isivingco ukukhanya ngesibetho emfutshane eyenza kube lula ukunciphisa ubude kunye ubunzima isixhobo ngaphandle kokuqhatha ukuchaneka. ICartridge 308 yi abanjalo ubhetyebhetye. Phantsi ingafunyanwa njenge umpu olunye-shot kunye nesango tye ukutyibilika, kwaye ibe nkqo sliding. Carbines 308 ukuvuleka kunye shutter nkqo ngokukhethekileyo compact, ubunzima ukukhanya egcwalisekayo cwaka, ngaphandle kokulibazisa, intlakohlaza nempembelelo babe nolwazi ngohlobo umboniso, hayi kungajikeleza, ukwenza inkqubo ukuthembeka. Kukho izibonelelo ezingaphezu koko babe ukuvuleka 308 ncomo abazingeli zibonisa ukuba ukusilela store ezi neekhatriji kulula ukuba agibiseleke kwigumbi ngesandla, omnye ngexesha, kodwa neekhatriji elide ezifana .30-06 ukuvuleka kunye nabanye, le ndlela ayikho yimpumelelo okanye hayi kwaphela akunakwenzeka ngenxa yobude. Kwaye enye inzuzo. Ezivenkileni phantsi imipu elide neekhatriji rhoqo kukho deformation kukho iimbumbulu iqokobhe ethambileyo intshukumo oluzenzekelayo egumbini, ethi ichaphazele ngokuchaneka obethe ngawo. Yobeka phi eyanelisayo kulo mba ukuvuleka 308 Iingcali Izimvo kakuhle qikelelo 308 ukuvuleka ngokumalunga ngaphezu iinguqulelo elide ka-gauge 30 oku.

308 izikhali ukuvuleka kunye nemigqomo interchangeable

308 ukuvuleka iCartridge babusoloko ngokuhambelana ezenzeka ngoku kuphuhliso kwezixhobo wokuzingela. Yonke le nkqubo kuthandwa jikelele, ungasebenzisa ezinye calibers kakhulu zithandwa emaXhoseni zabo. Kukho lwemilinganiselo kancincane entsimini ubuncinane kwi-308 ubukhulu carbine, ubuncinane kwi-30-06 carbine iingcungcu, kunye nokutshintsha ukuvuleka wompu. Hi xikombiso, ku Browning inkqubo Maral Kit iquka imiphanda interchangeable kunye shutter ngumbungu. indlela yayo efana kakhulu indlela ye AK, kodwa kukho isixhobo irhasi. Eli xesha recharge wenziwa ngesandla batsale kwasiso emva naphambili. Phakathi nophuhliso zasekhaya kunye imiphanda interchangeable kunye shutter mibungu ingabizwa imveliso carbine oluzenzekelayo VPO "I Hammer". Le izikhali lokuzingela eyodwa yemveliso Russian yi seboy carbine oluzenzekelayo ngokupheleleyo indlela lowu uveze, nto leyo isebenze njenge umpu 308-ukuvuleka, kwakunye carabiner 223 kaRemaliya kunye 20H76. Le - kunye umpu, kunye neendidi ezimbini mbutho kwinkqubo enye, wabulawelwa ilayisenisi eyodwa.

twist ezimpilweni 308 gauge

Kukho iinketho eziliqela ngokuba neziqu Esinye isenzakalo bodidi 308th, ukususela kwi-10 ukuya kweli-14 intshi ubude umphanda. Twist - olupheleleyo bullet revolution ngeenxa axis wayo, nto leyo eyenza xa uqhuba kwi umphanda. Ngako oko, le twist intshi-10 - oku imbumbulu ithuba epheleleyo umphanda, eyenza i bullet emva abapasa i-run ezilishumi esiqwini. Ihlamvu nokude bullet, le mihlathana kufuneka twist. Ukuze ubone twist kangangoko ngenxa 308 gauge, kufuneka wazi uhlobo bullet, esisetyenziselwa ekuzingeleni. ubunzima kwibhulethi Umgangatho we-168 Grand Prix kungathathwa kangangoko yi ubukhulu 308. Iimpendulo zibonisa ukuba le slug lo twist lisezantsi kunokwenzeka iya kulingana intshi-14. Iimbumbulu lula le jija kuya perestabilizirovannymi, kodwa ballistics kuhlala ngaphakathi nokunyamezelana. Kuba iimbumbulu nzima ukuvuleka 308 sele ufuna ngaphezu kokuba twist elifutshane. abazingeli abaninzi bathi ngenxa 308 ukuvuleka-12 twist olufunekayo. Umzekelo, carbine Chezet 550 gauge 308 ngo-uguqulelo ezahlukeneyo badla ezicatshuliweyo umzekelo. zokuzenzela Czech kwahluka isango jikelele phantsi ubude 308 iimbumbulu bodidi ezahlukeneyo, nto leyo kakhulu omkhulu. Ukunciphisa ubunzima isixhobo, i armorers Czech kusetyenziswa ubuchwepheshe ekhethekileyo ukuvelisa emigodini zibhityile Undibiyele, ochaphazela gqitha ballistics ye nobushushu okwexeshana wompu. Kuba ekuzingeleni yorhwebo kufuneka buti obukhulu, emehlweni elula, apho ungenza ngokukhawuleza ukubamba abanye injongo, nendlela failsafe bazitshixe ukuba ibiza ukuvuleka-30 iCartridge, nto leyo 308 abanjalo. Twist kufuneka zenzelwe ubunzima ubuninzi kunye nobude iimbumbulu. Ekubeni zonke iingenelo neengozi afohlela wokuzingela bodidi 308 kufuneka zikhethwe kunye ukujijwa intshi-12 aza kunikezela edubuleyo oluthembekileyo ukuba lwezixhobo zasekhaya exhotyiswe iimbumbulu zasekhaya. Kwi 308, bodidi iimbumbulu nesisitheliso ivideo ukhetho kwi efikelelekayo ngexabiso, njalo-12 ujijo - sayo kungekho ngaphezulu kunethuba sixhobo.

Umgangatho Ukuchaneka - 308 Remington ukuvuleka

Kuzingela izixhobo ngaphantsi 308 gauge ukusuka 'Remington "inkampani linembali kakhulu uluhlu model ezahlukeneyo. Ukuziqengqa imifuziselo ezisisiseko shutter zibangele kunye afohlela phephancwadi yale nkampani isekelwe kwi Mauser umpu eyakhayo kwenkulungwane yama-20. 308 ukuvuleka ikuvumela ukuba ukudala uluhlu olubanzi izixhobo, ukusukela imifuziselo ezemidlalo ukuya izixhobo zokuloba, uphawu zokuzingela kwimimandla esemantla eMelika. Ukuchaneka le afohlela Remington phantsi iCartridge 308th kuba nanto. Phakathi 3000 dollar zingafunyanwa phantsi kwe umpu Remington 308 ukuvuleka phantse kuyo emkhosini iinjongo, okubalwa kuzingela, emidlalo ukuzithethelela. Ukuchaneka High kungenxa xhomekeko iingalo US yesithethe kwaye uyazanelisa na NATO izixhobo zomkhosi, apho iCartridge 308 yeyona ezakhiwe ezinkulu zokuzenzela ne imipu umatshini kuyo. sleeve mfutshane ngaphandle flanges kwi bodidi 30 sinika ithuba elihle lokuba ababhekisi phambili ukudala izixhobo kukuthembeka ophezulu kunye ngqo, ugxininise kwiimfuno kwicandelo umphakathi. ongakhetha yongayo zasekhaya iimbumbulu ukuvuleka 308 kunye efanayo kunye nabo yasentshona iimpawu ballistic ukwandisa iingenelo engenakuphikiswa ka 308 bodidi zokuzingela eRashiya. ukusebenza buthathaka, ngobuciko aphezulu kunye nezalathisi ezithembeke kakhulu kwentlawulo-do 308 bodidi sele zonke izicelo, ngaphandle nje ukuzingela, kodwa zokhuselo nokhuseleko.