Ukutya isonka: iinkcukacha. Isifo sePatato sesonka. I-wandato wand

Ukupheka isonka namhlanje kuphelelwe yilahlekile kwindlela esasetyenziswa kuyo, kwimizana yaseRashiya. Emva koko kwindlu nganye bafaka imbiliso, kwaye sele sele bebhaka izonka eziqholiweyo ngokugqithisa okumangalisayo. Namhlanje sisebenzisa ibhaktheriya ekhethekileyo, evumela ukuba ufumane ngokukhawuleza iimveliso eziluhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, oku kuguqulwa kukhokelela ekutshintsheni kwishishini lebhaka.

Umquba ngomgubo wengqolowa kunye nokongezwa kwemvubelo ye- thermophilic iphuma ngokukhawuleza. Iphinde ikhawuleze ukupheka kwayo kwihovini. Oku kubangela ukuba i-spores ihlale ingagqithwanga kwaye iza kuqala ukukhula ngokukhawuleza phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo. Isifo sePatato sesonka siqhelekileyo, ngoko kufuneka uhlale uphapheme kwaye ugcine uhlalutya olungcolisayo ukusuka kwitafile yakho.

Indlela yokuyiqonda

Ebizwa ngokuba nophuhliso lwezityalo zepatato kwisonka se-britterous bacteria. I-bacillus, esasazwa ngokubanzi kwindalo, ifumaneka phezu kwengqolowa. Xa ugawula oku, ama-spores angena kumgubo. Ngoko ke, okusanhlamvu kufuneka iqeqeshe ngokukhethekileyo ngaphambi kokungena kwimveliso.

Iingxabano zigcinwe ngokugqibeleleyo xa zibhaka kwaye ziqhubeka nokuphuhlisa ukuba imveliso iyawela kwiimeko ezifanelekileyo. Kule meko, zenza iiselterial cells ezonakalisa i-crumb. Kwinqanaba lokuqala unokuziva ucoceko lwakwamanye amazwe. Xa uqhekeza isonka, kuvela iintambo ezihlukeneyo.

Isigaba esilandelayo sisifo esincinci. Ukuvumba kunamandla ngoku, kwaye kukho intambo engaphezulu. Ngesifo esiqinileyo, i-crumb iyanamathela, ngoku akunakwenzeka ukuba ingqalelo ingqalelo kwiinguqulelo. Emva koko kubumnyama kwaye kufumana iphunga elimnandi.

Ziyingozi kwimpilo yabantu

Enyanisweni, ukutya isonka nge-soft and sticky stick, esolula kuzo zonke iinkalo, akunakwenzeka ukuba ufune. Inokuvumba kakhulu, kwaye kunomdla okrakra. Nangona kunjalo, namhlanje kubalulekile ukufumanisa ukuba loo mveliso inobungozi okanye inokuba yingozi kubantu. Ngenxa yoko, kuyimfuneko ukuphendukela kwizigqibo zeRospotrebnadzor, ezenziwe ngesiseko sophando lwebhubhoratri.

Ngokweedatha ezisemthethweni, i-bacillus yamazambane ayinayo i-pathogenic kubantu. Oko kukuthi, ukusetyenziswa kwesonka kuze kube yilapho ukuphuhliswa kweempawu zomonakalo (apha zibandakanya iphunga elimnandi, ukuguqulwa kwezinto kunye nokuvumelana) kuthathwa njengengozi kwaye kuvunyelwe. Kwanele ukuhlola nokuvumba umkhiqizo ukugqiba ukuba ngaba kufanelekile ukutya.

Nangona kunjalo, emva kokuba i-spores ihlume kwaye iqalise ukuguqula ngokubanzi umgangatho wesondlo, akukho sinkwa. Ngoku ikhutshwe ingozi kwimveliso yempilo yokutshintshiselana kwe-bacillus yamazambane. Nangona kunjalo, umbala, iphunga kunye nohlobo lwesonka sele lusexwayisa ukuba kufuneka lilahlwe ngokukhawuleza. Imveliso enobungozi yokuphazamiseka kweprotheyini yenza kube yingozi kwimpilo.

Nangona kunjalo, le ngongoma yembono namhlanje ithathwa njengelinye ixesha elidlulileyo. Ngokutsho kophando olutsha, sinokuthi sithintela "igalelo" le-bacillus yamazambane ekuphuhlisweni kweentlobo zezilwanyana zabantu. Ukuba umkhuhlane unamandla, ngoko umzimba awuyi kubona loo nkathazo. Nangona kunjalo, kubantu ababuthathaka, i-bacillus ye-hay ingabangela ukuphuhliswa kwezilwanyana ezifana ne-endocarditis, i-meningitis, i-poisoning yokutya, i-arthritis, isifo se-gallbladder, nokunye okuninzi. Ngoko ke, kunengqiqo ngokukrokrela ukuba isinkwa sisuleleke, ngokukhawuleza usilahle. Okanye, wenqaba ukuthenga iimveliso.

Ngezandla zakho

Enyanisweni, enye yezona ndlela zichanekileyo ziya kuba ngumveliso wasekhaya. Isifo sePatato sesonka sisenza ngexesha lokugcinwa, ngokuphambene neemeko zobuchwepheshe. Ukuba umveliso ubhakwa ekhaya, ngoko ke kunokwenzeka oku kuncinci. Kukulungele ukusebenzisa inkwenkwezi ye-rye, oko kukuthi, ukugatya imvubelo. Indawo engqongileyo, eya kudala ngendlela engokwemvelo, ayiyi kuvumela iifungus ukuba ziphuhlise, oko kuthetha ukuba isifo sezambatho asisongeli isonka.

Iphuzu lesibini: iimveliso zasekhaya zingenziwa zibe ziincinci. Emva koko baya kuthathwa kakuhle. Isifo sePatato sesonka siphula phantsi kwezi meko zilandelayo:

• Ukushisa komoya ophezulu.
• Ukungabi nendawo yokuphuza umoya.
• Uthotho.
• Umgubo ochaphazelekayo okanye uqhagamshelwano lomveliso ogqityiweyo kunye nama-spores we-fungus.

Ekhaya, kulula ukuyiqwalasela zonke ezi zihlandlo kwaye ulungiselele isonka kwintsapho yakho.

Ukulungiselela ukuqala

Ukuze wenze loo nto imnandi kwaye iluncedo, kuyimfuneko ukufumana intlama enhle. Kule nto, kufuneka imvubelo. I-wandato ye-Potato ayiyi kukhula kwindawo engummangaliso, oku kuthetha ukuba kuhle kakhulu ukuba uthathe umgubo we-rye, malunga ne-100 g yanele. Yongeza inani elifanayo lamanzi uze ushiye usuku kwindawo efudumeleyo. Ngentsasa, kufuneka udle isonka, oko kukuthi, faka umgubo kunye namanzi. Ngosuku lwesithathu, senza le nkqubo ngenjongo yokugqibela. Ukususela ekuseni kusenokwenzeka ukuba uqale isiqingatha sesonka sokubhaka, kunye nesibini - ukuhlambulula kwisiqhamo.

Ulawulo lomgangatho

Isifo sePatato sesonka sinengxaki yokuqala yiphina imveliso. Ekubeni ibhakawa kwiivenkile kunye nokushisa komoya ophezulu kunye nomswakama, iimeko apha zilungele ukuphuhliswa kwengxabano. Ngoko ke, ukuba umgubo uveliswa kwimveliso, ulungiselelwe kwiingqolowa ezingcolileyo ngexesha lokuvuna, i-fungus ikhupha ngamandla onke izixhobo. I-wandato ye-Potato ibekezelela ukufudumeza kwaye ngaphakathi kweyure iyakwazi ukusinda nakwiqondo lokushisa lama-degrees angama-120, ngoko awukwazi ukuzikhusela xa uhlambulula izitya kunye neetafile. Ukuyicombulula le ngxaki, umgubo udlula ulawulo oluqinileyo. Ixabiso ngalinye elithengiweyo lihlolisiswa ngenyameko kuqala kwaye liqaliswe kwimveliso. Ngokuqinisekileyo umfundi uya kuba nomdla ekufundeni okungakumbi malunga nokutya kwesonka, ngoko ke makhe sijonge ngakumbi kule nkqubo.

Izindlela zokumisela ukungcola kwe-microbiological

Kukho ezininzi, ngoko siza kugxininisa kuphela kulawo asetyenziswa kakhulu kwihlabathi lanamhlanje. Ukuthintela isifo sezambatho sesonka ngumsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu kubo bonke abenzi, kuba unemiphumo emibi kubantu abasebenzisa iimveliso ezinjalo.

Ngoko, namhlanje kuyaqhekeza ukuhlula zonke iinkqubo zokuxilonga kwizinto zobuchwepheshe, ze-bacteriological, zezinto ezibonakalayo kunye nezinto eziphilayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo kwimveliso yokubhaka isinkwa ilawulwa yindlela yokuqala yokufumanisa i-pathogen - nge-lab yokubeka ityala. Kuthatha iiyure ezingama-24, kodwa kubonakaliswa kakhulu. Iqokelelo elincinci liqalisiwe, iibhola eziqhelekileyo zibhaka. Emva kweeyure ezimbini zihlanganiswe ephepheni kwaye zishiye kwindawo efudumeleyo, emanzini. Emva kwesi sihlandlo, umqulu unqunywe ngommese obukhali. Emva kokubhalwa kweemviwo kunye nebhabhoratri yesampuli, kugqitywa ukuba isonka siphelile okanye cha.

Ukuba umgubo unesifo sesitishi sezambatho, unokuhamba ukuveliswa kweenkunzi zeegusha, ezomileyo kunye nezinye iimveliso ezincinci ezigcobileyo ngokupheleleyo, zithinte i-fungus yendlela yokukhula kunye nophuhliso.

Ukuxilongwa komgubo

Nangona kunjalo, siqhubela phambili phambili. Kuya kuba nengqiqo ukucinga ukuba imveliso yokulondolozwa kwendwendwe kufuneka ifumaneke kwisityalo sokutshiza, kuba lijongene nomgangatho weemveliso ezinikezelweyo. Oku kuyinyani, yonke into yokutya efunyenweyo imele ihlolwe yi-sampling. Kuveliswa ngendlela efanayo, oko kukuthi, iisampuli zixutywe ngamanzi kwaye zifakwe kwindawo enomdaka nefudumalayo, emva koko ochwepheshe bee-laboratory bavavanya umphumo. Uhlalutyo lomgubo luqinisekiswa ngokubeka kwakhona ii-prototypes kwindawo efanelekileyo kwiiyure ezingama-36.

Nangona kunjalo, akukho teknoloji oza kuthatha ukholo kwizinto ezichazwe kumaphepha afakwe apha. Ngokwegunya lokumisela, umveliso omkhulu usebenza ngokwawo ulawulo lomgangatho wezinto ezibonakalayo.

Zobuncwane

Sithe satsho ukuba ubukho beepatato obambelele kumgubo awukho isizathu sokuqwalasela umtshato. Ingasetyenziselwa ezinye izinto ezikhethekileyo. Okokuqala, umntu makangacinge ukuba imveliso yesonka, i-bakery kunye nemveliso ye-confectionery yinkqubo eyahlukileyo.

Iinjongo eziphambili ezikhusela ukuphuhliswa kweentonga zezambatho kwiimveliso ezigqityiweyo:

• Ukwanda kwe-acidity. Ngesonka se-rye sinokuphuhliswa kwayo. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iindlela zokwenza i-doudifying inhlama zisetyenziswe kwimveliso. Ezi ziquka ukongeza kwe-acetic, i-lactic, i- propionic acids. Ngomthengi, intleko ayihlala ingatshintshi, kwaye inokwenzeka yokuthenga isonka esiphelele sinciphise kakhulu.
• Ubuncitshisi obuncitshiswayo kwiholo lokuvelisa. Namhlanje kuye kwaba khona ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwemimidi ekulungele ukulungiselela inhlama, kunye nama-dishwasher anamhlanje.
• Ushukela okhulayo kunye nomxholo we-fat kwi-recipe. I-wandato yamazambane ayiyi kuhlala i-muffins, iigakes kunye nezinye i-confectionery.

Amaxesha onke aphumelelayo

Thenga isonka esinamatheko, umangaliswe yi-spores ye-fungus, andifuni nawuphi na abathengi. Ngoko, ukukhusela le nto, sebenzisa iindlela ezininzi. Sithe sathetha ngovavanyo lwezobuchwepheshe. Olu luhlolo lokuhlola nokuhlunga, okwenza kube lula ukuhlukanisa umgubo ongafanelanga ukwenza isonka.

Izindlela ze-Biological zokuthintela izifo zepatata ziquka ukwandisa i-acidity yenhlama. Kule nto, iinkcubeko ezahlukeneyo zetekisi zisetyenzisiweyo, kodwa ukusetyenziswa kwezona zinto zisebenzisekayo kukuxhamla. Ivumela ukuvimbela ukuphuhliswa kwe-bacillus ye-mbatata kunye nenkuni, kwaye iphinde ikhuthaze ukuqokelela i-vitamin B12. Kuze kube yimhla, kukho i-lactic nembiliso yengqolowa, eyafumaneka ngokubanzi.

Amanyathelo omzimba (okanye umbutho) amanyathelo afana nokunciphisa izinga lokushisa kunye nokwandisa umoya wokupheka umoya. Oku kukuvumela ukupholisa ngokukhawuleza umkhiqizo. Ngokufanayo, abavelisi banciphisa isisindo esipheleleyo sezonkwa ukuphepha imeko apho i-crumb ihlala ingagqithwanga. Isisindo esiphezulu sezonkwa namhlanje ngu-0.5 kg, kwaye kaninzi kuncinci.

Ukuba i-bacon-bacon

Kuvinjelwe ngokukhawuleza ukwenza loo mveliso. Ekhaya okanye emsebenzini, akufuneki ukudibaniswa kwi-cutlets, esetyenziselwa ukwenza ama-biscuits. Isonka esinjalo kufuneka sisuswe ngokukhawuleza kunokwenzeka kwimveliso. Umbuzo wokusetyenziswa kwawo kwisondlo sezilwanyana kufuneka ugqitywe ngeenkonzo zezilwanyana. Kungcono ukutshisa iimveliso ezichaphazelekayo ngokukhawuleza. Isakhiwo apho isonka esilondolozwayo kufuneka sihlambuluke ngokusebenzisa i- bleach, i- acetic acid kunye namalungiselelo akhethekileyo.

Endaweni yokugqiba

Ngoku uyayazi indlela i-wandat wand iyazibonakalisa ngayo kwisonka, yintoni eyingozi kumntu, indlela yokuphepha ukutya umkhiwane osulelekileyo. Kukho iindlela ezimbini: nokuba uthenge kuphela iimveliso zomenzi othembekileyo, okanye upheke ekhaya. Abenzi bezonka zanamhlanje benza le nkqubo ilula kwaye iyanandipha, njengoko ibhaka isonka ngaphandle kokuncediswa ngumntu.