Ukutshatyalaliswa kwenjini. Izizathu kunye neendidi

Ukuchithwa ngenye yempawu ebonakalayo yenjini engasebenzi. Zonke iinzame zomqhubi wemoto kufuneka zijoliswe ekuphelisweni kwayo. Kukho izizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo, xa i-injonation ye injini ibonakala ngesitayela esivamile sokuqhuba. Iyenzeka xa umxube wepetroli nomoya ugalela kwigumbi lokutsha. Kukho ezimbini zeentlobo zayo - ezingamkelekanga kwaye zivumelekile.

Iinjongo eziqhelekileyo ze-injon detonation ziphulaphula imoto ngumqhubi: ukushayela kwimizi ephezulu kakhulu kule mibutho. Ngokuqhelekileyo oku kwenzekayo xa umqhubi engacingi ngokutshintshela kwinqanaba elingaphantsi ekuphumeni ngenxa yokujika kwisantya esincinane, xa ekhuphukela entabeni kwiindawo eziphakamileyo okanye ezizenzekelayo zokungena kwindawo. Kwiimoto ezineenjini ezinyanzelekileyo, ukuthungulwa kweenjini kungabonakala emva kokufakela ukulinganiswa kwe-octane ephantsi .

Ezinye iimodeli zeemoto ziyavalela kwiimeko zokuqhuba. Umzekelo, ukuba imoto iyasebenza ixesha elide kwimodi yokuzimela kwiimeko zendlela, ukufudumala okuphezulu kwe-inlet, ukufudumala okuvela phantsi kwe-hood kunye nenkqubo yokukhulisa kunokukhokelela ekubonisweni. Oku kubonakala ngokukodwa xa i-sensor yokushisa emoyeni isondele ekuqalekeni kokungenisa, kungekhona ekutheni ininzi. Izizathu ezichazwe ngasentla zifana.

Ungayifumanisa njani ukutshatyalaliswa kwiimeko ezinjalo?

Ukugqithiswa kwinjinjini, njengommiselo, kugqitywa ngomsindo wensimbi, njengokungathi into ehlaselwa ngokukhawuleza. Iyakwazi ukufana nokugqitywa kweebhola ezityhutyhayo. Nawuphi na umlinganiselo wokutshatyalaliswa kuya kuba kubi kumqhubi womatshini. Ukongeza kwengcamango yokuhlola, ukukhutshwa kweenjini kunokufunyanwa ngokusebenzisa izixhobo ezizodwa zobugcisa. Indlela eyaziwayo kakhulu kukusebenzisa inzwa ephakamileyo kwibhenki ye-injini. Uhlalutya izandi ezithunyelwayo kwaye uqikelele ubukhulu beli bakala phakathi kwezinye iimvumi.

Ukutshatyalaliswa okuvumelekileyo kweemoto kukhula ngesivinini esincinane, akuphulaphuli kakuhle kwaye ihlala ixesha elifutshane. Iyakwenzeka kuloo mijelo, kwimveliso apho isityalo sasizama ukuphumeza i-torque ephezulu kakhulu nge-injini encinci.

Ziziphi izibangela zokutshatyalaliswa okungavumelekanga? Ngokuqhelekileyo, olu hlobo luphawu lomatshini oguqulwe. Nazi ezinye zezizathu:

- enye indlela yokwandisa i-torque kunye nobutyebi ekuvukeni kwe-throttle yinkqubo yokufaka isantya sokutshisa;

- ukuba ukutshabalalisa kwenzeka kusenjenjalo kumjikelezo wokunyakaza kwepiston, ngoko umbane otyhafayo ungabangela umxube wefuthe kunye nomoya kwiindawo ezithile zegumbi lokutshabalalisa - esi sizathu esibalulekileyo;

- ukuchithwa kwe-"fuel-air ratio" ukwenzela ukufezekisa amandla angaphezulu (injini inika umbane umxube ocebile ngesinye sezizathu - ukulawulwa kobushushu obushushu);

Ukushisa komoya kwindawo yokungena - kula maxesha apho ifowuni yomoya ifakwe phantsi kwebhodi;

- uyilo olungenakuphumelela kwikamelo lokutsha.

Injini ikukhupha njani?

- Okokuqala, qiniseka ukuba akukho mxube wokuzibamba. Ukuphepha amaphutha, vala injini. Ukuba imile ngokukhawuleza, ithetha ukuba inokuba yintoni ebangela ukuba unqongqobe ukutshabalalisa.

- Ukufakela ukutshabalalisa kwexesha elizayo kuya kunceda ekupheliseni ukutshatyalaliswa okubangelwa kukusetyenziswa kwamanzi angafanelekanga, ngaphandle koko kuyimfuneko ukutshintsha i-fuel, eneemfuno zokuchasana nezixhobo.

- Ukusetyenziswa kohlobo olufanelekileyo lwe-petroli.