Ukupeyinta El Greco kaThixo "kwesidumbu Count Orgaz": inkcazelo, olunomdla kunye nohlaziyo

Domenikos Theotokopoulos (1541-1614) - ngomzobi Spanish ze imvelaphi zamaGrike. ESpeyin, kaloku igama elithi El lamaGrike, oko olusisiGrike. Ayizange basinde umfanekiso omnye, malunga apho singatsho ngokuzithemba ukuba oku El Greco. Bonke bephela ezibonisa kuphela.

Olunye ulwazi malunga wegcisa

Kokuba azalwe ngayo. EKrete kunye nexesha lokuqala wabhala imifanekiso Orthodox, nto leyo ngokungathandabuzekiyo wazibalula bayo indlela yomsebenzi wakhe. Wandula ke wafunda eItali, ngelo xesha wayelahlekelwa ukuvisisana Renaissance kunye noqhagamshelwano ezilahlekileyo phakathi komoya kunye corporeal.

Kwiminyaka 35, safudukela weIberia Peninsula. Ngeli xesha, iye yaphuhliswa isimbo sakhe. Yinto kuthelekiswa konke konke na opeyintayo okanye phambi kwexesha okanye ixesha emva kwexesha. Yena - kuphela ekhethekileyo. kwakungekho phindo.

E Toledo, uye waphila iminyaka elishumi eSpeyin, El Greco ukubhala umsebenzi original ngokupheleleyo engaqhelekanga. Kulo mfanekiso "kwesidumbu Count Orgaz" (1586). Lo msebenzi olugunyaziswe San Tome Church, apho wayengumenzi opeyintayo a owayekhona. A umxumi wenza umhlobo wakhe, umbingeleli yeBandla of Andres Núñez.

El Greco, "kwesidumbu Count Orgaz": ingcaciso yomfanekiso

isakhiwo sebali okungaqhelekanga wayalela umsebenzi. Ngokwakhe Don Gonzalo Ruiz de Toledo, Count of Orgaz, wafa ngo-1323. Wenza iminikelo nelityebileyo ibandla apho nokokuba wangcwatywa, yaye emva kokufa kwakhe kwabakho lamandulo malunga ummangaliso. Count awoyika uThixo, ukuba ulandela eli bali kwi ibhokisi kwehliswa wehla evela ezulwini St. ESt Augustine. Stefan. Ukubhala kokuba oqingqiweyo phezu slab ilitye, nto leyo ibekwe phantsi komfanekiso. Thina sebeqala kuphela ukuchaza umsebenzi "kwesidumbu Count Orgaz", leyo ubukhulu omkhulu. ukuphakama kwawo emihlanu eemitha ubude kunye kufutshane ezine.

Ukubunjwa isibhakabhaka womzobo

Kukho kwinkolelo yokuba inokwenzeka linxulunyaniswa icon "Ingqikelelo Virgin", eyabhalwa malunga El Greco ngo-1567. Bala umfanekiso yomngcwabo yahlulwe ngokucacileyo ibe imimandla emibini, iyileyo imimangaliso yenzeke. Phantsi inxalenye esemhlabeni, umzimba Count ongasekhoyo kuhle ukusuka ekhohlo ukuya ukuxhasa eSt Stephen abaselula Isambatho umdikoni, kwaye unelungelo - eSt Augustine impahla ngubhishophu.

Ezulwini ngenxa amafu ahlukana igrafu umphefumlo wayefanisa nomphunga lula kuphakamisa nengelosi, yaye apho adibana ibekwe esizikithini mfanekiso kwaye encotsheni kwaye ukuKhanya kwehlabathi ngu Iisus Hristos, nto leyo ifumaneka ekunene hi ehleketaka Lady yethu, nangasekhohlo - Ioanna Krestitelya. Eli qela ine seqanda.

Ekunene, lo mgca kudlula abangcwele babini nje ngentla Ioanna Krestitelya, kwaye wayambethe iorenji ingubo eqaqambileyo (uYakobi) kunye ingubo oluhlaza (Paul). Kwesokunxele ayikokubambana ngendlela. UPetros izitshixo ezimbini musa angena kulo elimbhoxo. Kodwa uKrestu usixelela ukuba ngesandla dig amasango ukuba igrafu komphefumlo. imifanekiso ghost Tavera Cardinal kunye uKumkani Philip II amafu amaza. Ekhohlo ebonisa uKumkani uDavide ngohadi ezandleni zakhe, uMoses kunye amacwecwe omnqophiso noNowa. yonke impi abangcwele, ukholo kanye amalungisa ezibhaliweyo surreal, ethereal, njengokwenziwa yaseByzantium, uyakubona ke umbingeleli, lowo wakhangela phezulu ukuya phezulu. Ngoko iyenzeka Ukulondolozwa Count Orgaz ehlabathini ngezantsi.

Ukubunjwa eli hlabathi

Ukuba nakumphezulu ngelaphu kuthatha umoya waya kummandla ephakamileyo, i-real asezantsi ngokwaneleyo. Kwesidumbu ebuhlungu Count Orgaz kunye lenguqu yayo kwenye kwihlabathi sikhatshwa abantu ngokoqobo - asebukhosini, abefundisi kunye iimonki (Dominican kunye Franciscan). Ezi enemifanekiso yabantu bexesha lakhe.

Kanye kule ndawo, bebambene ngezandla kwincwadi ngomthandazo, kubalulekile umbingeleli Andres Núñez. Siyibona kwiprofayili. UMbingeleli Second enxibe alb angamarhoqorhoqo, neselubala, leyo siyohlala ngombala ukususela kwinxalenye engentla nokwakheka. Yaba nguye lowo inxulumanisa ihlabathi emhlabeni izulu, elathi lavuleka yena yedwa, emana egcine ukuphuphuma emehlweni akhe. Boy-page - ke, unyana ka-ngumzobi. Ukhomba abaphulaphuli kwi oyingcwele ngesandla, akazange kubonakala ukuba baphawule abantu abathatha inxaxheba kulo msitho. Umntwana inxibelelanisa imihlaba emibini - ukupeyinta umfanekiso kunye nenkangeleko, i-real, emhlabeni. La manani mabini - umntwana kunye umbingeleli - undoqo nokwakheka.

Uya kungcwatywa ngokungcwatywa kwe Count Orgaz, nto leyo sikhatshwa ngummangaliso, umanyano igutyungelweyo ukuzidambisa nazo yezikhulu Spanish. ubuso babo ngaphandle impassive, kodwa bonke ngathi ebiyelweyo akwabakho ehlabathini ngaphandle kunye izilingo yayo. iimvakalelo zabo zibonakaliswa ebusweni ezichuliweyo luthuthu ngemilebe lavalwa, ovalelweyo iintshukumo zabo izandla zezintlu. Kuthathwa ukuba kubhaliweyo iingangamsha kuphela yokwenene Toledo, kodwa ke El namaRoma. ubuso bakhe Ngokujonga nje kumbukeli. Oku kukhomba kuyo waphakamisa isandla phezu kwentloko St. Stefan.

Ngomhla ngelaphu akukho inyathelo elingqalileyo ukuba zenzeke. Kwaye ukukhanya iyonke bephuma ndawo, oko kuphalala nje emazantsi womzobo. Nkqu iitotshi zomngcwabo waphosa akukho ukukhanya. Kwesidumbu lungumqobo Count Orgaz El Greco ukho ngohlobo okweqanda. Lakhe amanani uhlobo abangcwele. Eli liziko ngoobani kunye nombala emazantsi. Kulo mzekelo, malunga kokuphelelwa eliphezulu, yena lususwa ekhohlo. Babe ngcwele ubonakalisa ubuhle aphezulu ngokomoya. Ngoko ngokuthe ngcembe lo mfanekiso esichazwa El Greco, "kwesidumbu Count Orgaz."

umbala

bonke Kuba wakha phezu intlanganisela mikhosi kunye yomngcwabo emnyama, iithowuni zesilivere-engwevu segolide kubanda. Obala kwamagama ebomvu, emnyama, eluhlaza ebengezelayo. Kodwa izivatho zegolide yabangcwele bangathwali ubushushu. ukukhanya Cold kunye nezibane, enye apho phantse ochukumisa isithunywa nephiko engqeleni kunye zana glints yellow ingubo. Kuba ngathi olunyuswe ngumoya, leyo amkhwelise ukuya kwizigaba basezulwini. Lonke ihlabathi ngokudlul lizaliswe ashinyeneyo, kodwa ke ngelo xesha iyakhanya esifanayo, elintlangothi nzima, amafu nombala-zesilivere. Badlala iintlobo umthunzi abamnyama grey ebandayo, lisuke labuna elinombala.

Bright eyabelwe afune ukubonisa ezimhlophe uYesu, eshiya ubunzulu segolide, ndoxelelwa ngubani besondele Ioann Krestitel kuphela, zekhala isinxibo cape blue uMariya. Wayihlisa isandla sakhe, unxulumene isigqubuthelo iyakhanya, leyo wasonga umphefumlo igrafu, yaye mothered nokubambana zakhe. Ngoko wabhala "Ukulondolozwa Count Orgaz." El Greco kaThixo Inkcazelo Awuyazi indlela ukubeka kunye artist wokwenene uyafana sublime zefilimu.

Bexesha picture babonwa

Altarpiece, okwadala El Greco, okunoneleleyo abahlali Toledo. Ngapha koko, le web le ongokunqumla umbundu yokufa imfihlelo, ukuba eli xesha lo mntu nalinye; inceda umkhululi Iisus Hristos, umama wakhe, ngubani na nomama wethu, nabo bonke abangcwele ezulwini - abazalwana bethu ngumdala. Bonke beza babubone ngelaphu elihle kakhulu apho bafunda abemmi abadumileyo, izinhanha, ababingeleli. beza izizwe ukuya edolophini nje ukubona lo msebenzi.

Artist Cinga kakuhle ukuba ezivumelana ngayo ngelaphu ngaphakathi ecaweni encinane, yaye ngokulungelelanisiweyo ihlanganiswe kuyo. Uzuko El Greco likhule kakhulu. Yena xa bade yakhe. eminye imisebenzi yakhe athathwa ngaphandle komzi kunye eSpeyin, kwaye abazange ibandla obulula, apho wakha kwaba kanye mosque emva kokuba ukugxothwa lokugqibela amaSilamsi. Noko ke, kangangexesha elithile ngoku asuswe, yaye yena waye nasemagumbini zebandla. Kodwa ke waye kwakhona ayengaseleki. Ngoku Lenzelwe ukukhanya, kwaye yavala grille.

izibakala umdla ezinxulumene ne umfanekiso

Ngelaphu ngu El Greco, "kwesidumbu Count Orgaz", inkcazelo ethe enikwe kweli nqaku uye amabali ezimbalwa engaqhelekanga anxulumene kubo:

• Señor Orgaz washiya emva kokufa kwakhe, umyolelo apho abahlali kwakufuneka ukuba ahlawule irhafu kuphuculo ibandla. intando wakhe wabulawa. Kwakukho ityala enkundleni owaphela nesibakala sokuba imali yetempile zifunyenwe. Nabo, ububingeleli yenze umyalelo ukubhala nemizobo umzobi ngayo El namaRoma.
• Umpeyinti kwakubon- isa ngokucacileyo ukuba kufuneka aboniswe: kanye kwebali inxaxheba abangcwele kulo msitho ezilusizi kunye eni abemi dumeke. Ngelaphu masanele ngokupheleleyo kwenye yeendonga zebandla. Master unako ukwenza into, musa ukuthandabuza, wena njengoMdali.
• Makhe ukubonisa nje kuphela basebukhosini zalapha, kodwa umfundisi wecawa, unyana ka umzobi, kwaye yezizathu yena kunye namalungu umyalelo emkhosini-zenkolo (on iingubo zabo iminqamlezo abomvu).
• Painting kakhulu kuphela ababephila, kodwa igcisa ngokwakhe ingqalelo kuyo mpumelelo yakhe evelele.
• Iintlawulo, Noko ke, abazange kunxibelelana naziphi na iimpawu yobugcisa okanye ukuhlolisisa lokubulawa eneenkcukacha umyalelo yaye ephantsi - ducats ezilikhulu kuphela elinababini.

Izimvo abakhenkethi abatyelela Toledo

abakhenkethi Russian ngazwilinye wamncoma ukupeyinta yi El Greco. Bonke ngazwi-nye athi, yintoni ukutyelela Toledo ixabisa kwanokuba kuphela ukubona kuyo. Qaphela ukuba abaninzi abafana nam ibandla encinane San Tome, kunye Cathedral of St UMariya, kunye Alcazar inqaba. Kwakhona wathi imifanekiso icawa esalelweyo, kodwa eneneni, abaninzi iifoto.

Jonga ezinye wizard kuba bakhe kwindlu-myuziyam.