Ukubunjwa zeekhomishoni zonyulo. I Precinct Commission wonyulo. I-Central Election Commission. Kukuyeka Commission Election

Unyulo ukuba abasemagunyeni kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo eRashiya zenziwa kunye nxaxheba ngqo yeMisebenzi ezizodwa lonyulo. Indlela apho ibunjiwe uhlanganise umsebenzi wabo ezimiselwe ngumthetho federal. Kukho bokuqonda ezininzi, ukuba ziimpawu umsebenzi iikhomishini konyulo, nabo bonke ifuna ummiselo - ingakumbi, kule inkalo yokufumanisa umyalelo ukuyilwa izakhiwo ezahlukeneyo babelungiselela ukhetho. Yintoni na imithombo komthetho kulo mzekelo zezona zibalulekileyo? Yintoni umyalelo ukubunjwa yeMisebenzi nyulo kwinqanaba elithile?

Iikomiti Yintoni unyulo ziyasebenza eRashiya?

Ngaphambi kokuba sihlole indlela apho akhiwa iikhomishini yonyulo, nendlela ukuphuma Ukwakhiwa kwayo iKhomishini le yokunyulwa kwamalungu ayo, uya kufunda iziseko zezakhiwo achaphazelekayo ukuba basombulula iingxaki ezibalulekileyo lombutho unyulo abasemagunyeni ezithile Russian.

Electoral Commission - umzimba lonxibelelwano, oluthi luqokelelane ngendlela emiselwe ngumthetho we-Russian Federation, acwangcise kwaye iqinisekisa ukuphunyezwa ukhetho ezahlukeneyo. Ngokuhambelana nomthetho Russian - ikakhulu izibonelelo inani Federal Umthetho 67, esamkelwa 12.06.2002, izakhiwo zilandelayo ukusebenza kweli lizwe lethu;

- I-Central Election IKhomishini le-Russian Federation okanye CEC;

- iikomiti zonyulo le mimandla;

- oomasipala Commission;

- ikhomishini yonyulo yesithili semfundo;

- iimvumelwano indawo;

- ikhomishini iindawo yonyulo.

Ukubunjwa zeekhomishoni unyulo kwezi ntlobo ilawulwa izibonelelo ezahlukeneyo mthetho federal.

Commission wolonyulo ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi ngokunxulumene nezinye iikomiti ezibonelela unyulo kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo.

izakhiwo umsebenzi kumbuzo, kwenziwa ngokubambisana. IKhomishini yoNyulo unelungelo ukuqala umsebenzi wayo, ukuba ngaba eningayakhanga ngaphantsi kwe-esithathwini kuthelekiswa kwiseti. Ukuba iKomishoni uphumeza umsebenzi ngokusisigxina, ithi kwintlanganiso yayo yokuqala yolo nyulo yena wayesiya zingadlulanga iiveki-2 emva kokuba zinikwe phantsi isigqibo sokuqeshwa amalungu ayo amalungelo okuvota, kodwa ngaphambi kokuphela kwexesha le-ofisi uthumo lonyulo wangaphambili.

Xa iKomishoni mtsha, ngoko amagunya engetelekeke odlulileyo khona. Ngoko ke, ixesha lokuphunyezwa kwe-ofisi ikhomishini lonyulo liya kubalwa ukususela kumhla wentlanganiso yokuqala.

Zonke ikhomishini iya kuqeshwa nguSihlalo. Bona anyuliweyo phakathi kwabo abemi abangamalungu thumo lonyulo kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo. Ngenxa yoko, usihlalo Russian Central IKomiti yoNyulo iya onyulwe ngamalungu ikhomishini yonyulo efanelekileyo. Ngenxa yoko, intloko ikhomishini yonyulo kumphakamo wesifundo ufumana indawo yayo phezu Isiphakamiso CEC.

USihlalo weKomiti Election iya kunyulwa kumgangatho kamasipala:

- Ukuba kukho isindululo esivela ikhomishini mxholo Russian Federation - ngokungqinelana nalo;

- engekho izindululo ezivela kwiKhomishini yommandla izindululo ezenziwe ngamalungu yeMisebenzi khetho iivoti isigqibo.

USihlalo weKomiti Election iya kunyulwa ngokusekelwe iziphakamiso zokusonjululwa ikhomishini zengingqi okanye indawo. Lo mthetho ubonelela ukhetho, apho usihlalo uya kuthi aqeshwe ngokusekelwe iziphakamiso yamalungu ekomiti ityala nelungelo lokuvota.

INtloko ikhomishini kwinqanaba kwisiphaluka baya kuqeshwa ukususela phakathi kwamalungu ayo, kunye nelungelo lokuvota, kwaye kukhululwa-ofisi yiKomishoni yoNyulo awongamileyo. UMongameli, nayo, le khomishini ndawo uya kuqeshwa ndabandulula ngokungqinelana nesigqibo ikhomishini lonyulo kwinqanaba zesifundo RF. Intloko ikhomishini zokuvotela uya kuqeshwa ndabandulula ukugweba ipasisiwe ikhomishini yonyulo indawo.

umthetho Russian kwakhona ibonelela ukuba ukuqeshwa uSekela-sihlalo, kwakunye kuNobhala weKhomishoni. Ngokufanayo, abaviwa sikhundla kufuneka zibandakanywe nokwakhiwa yeMisebenzi zonyulo. Nxaxheba kunye ivoti eyahlulayo, kufuneka ukuba beze kwiintlanganiso. Banalo ilungelo umkhwetha ivoti kuyo nayiphi na imiba phakathi kobuchule ikhomishini yonyulo efanelekileyo ngokungqinelana ne-ajenda.

CEC: lokusekwa ubume

Cinga ngendlela emiselwe ukwakhiwa Central Election Commission ka-Russia, kunye sub-nezakhiwo zawo.

CEC iya kuba namalungu-15. 5 kubo onyulwa nguRhulumente Duma, enye 5 - Council of the Federation, ezinye 5 - Umongameli Russian. amalungu Central Election Commission Russian kufuneka idiploma yemfundo ephakamileyo. Emva kokuqeshwa kwakhe, ukuba ukunyula usihlalo, usekela yakhe, kwakunye kuNobhala weKhomishoni.

Formation yeMisebenzi unyulo kwiingingqi: nezibonelelo jikelele yomthetho

UMthetho Federal № 67 unezibonelelo ubeka imithetho eqhelekileyo ngokuphathelele kwimisebenzi ezinye iikomiti CEC owayamileyo. Ngenxa yoko, ngokungqinelana kunye federal nomthetho lokusekwa izakhiwo ahambelanayo yenziwa isekelwe phezu afakela efunyenwe kumaqela ezopolitiko. Ukongeza, iqela ngalinye linelungelo lokuba makacebise ikhomishini ukonyulwa kwelungu 1 kuphela ukuba ivoti eyahlulayo, ngaphandle kokuba kumiselwe ngenye indlela ngumthetho federal.

Ukubunjwa zeekhomishoni nyulo ungangeniswa abemi kurhulumente okanye kamasipala inkonzo, ngaphezulu akukho ngaphezu kwesiqingatha. Ngaphandle ezibekelwe ikhomishini yonyulo elisekwe yi iiyunithi zomkhosi, apho zifumaneka kwiindawo ezikude, kukho nabavela phesheya. Le ngummi, ogama candidacy Kucetywa ukuba sibandakanywe ekwakhiweni kwekomiti ethile makanike imvume yawo ebhaliweyo.

Ukuba ukuze ezithile zomthetho malunga nokuqulunqwa yeMisebenzi yokunyulwa amanqanaba ahambelanayo akuyi kuya kuveliswa, eyikhethayo intlangano umzali. Ingakumbi xa kufikwa ngokusekwa ikhomishini yokunyulwa mxholo Russian Federation, kwimeko nokubunjwa kwayo iya kumiselwa kwinqanaba imizimba zemimandla, ngoko le ngxaki isonjululwe liSebe CEC.

Ngoku makhe siqwalasele ngokweenkcukacha indlela ikhomishini kunyulo eyasekwa phantsi ingqalelo.

Formation yeMisebenzi yonyulo kwinqanaba lezifundo RF

Okokuqala, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba ukwakhiwa thumo unyulo zifundo Russian Federation kungabandakanya hayi ngaphantsi kwe-10, kunye namalungu angekho ngaphezulu kwe-14 nelungelo lokuvota. imithetho engqalileyo isenzo yomthetho mmandla.

Formation of the ikhomishini lonyulo kwinqanaba kwisifundo Federation luyasetyenziswa yiPalamente kunye Chief Executive ngokusekelwe izindululo ngendlela emiselwe ngumthetho. Isiqingatha samalungu ikhomishini lo mmandla uya kumisela aba ipalamente yengingqi, enye - yintloko yesebe yesigqeba. Kulo mzekelo, ubuncinane isiqingatha samalungu amisiweyo ekomiti lonyulo liya inokuchazwa epalamente, ngokunjalo Chief Executive ngokusekelwe izindululo efunyenwe kumaqela ezopolitiko. Ngenxa yoko, ukwakhiwa thumo lonyulo bale ngingqi kufuneka zibandakanye hayi ngaphantsi kwe-1 njengelungu lekhomishini yonyulo abaqeshwe ngokusekelwe kwezindululo ezingeniswe CEC.

Formation yeMisebenzi yonyulo kwinqanaba likamasipala

Kwinqanaba amagunya kamasipala ukusekwa yeMisebenzi zonyulo eyenziwe nabameli ngokusekelwe izindululo ezifunyenweyo kunye nangendlela ezimiselwe ngumthetho federal. akufuneki ukuba ukwakhiwa yekomiti yonyulo kamasipala ngaphantsi kwesiqingatha ngokobungaphi bamalungu abaqeshwe ngokusekelwe izindululo ezathi zafunyanwa:

- amaqela ezopolitiko;

- nemibutho ziye eyaye ilityumbile abaviwa elamkelweyo nezigunyaziso ngokwequmrhu ummeli kamasipala.

Kwelinye icala, nesiqingatha samalungu aloo komiti lonyulo kumgangatho ofanelekileyo kufuneka yabelwe ngokusekelwe la macebiso evela uthumo ephakamileyo - ukuba Electoral Commission kusekwa kwinqanaba lesithili, wesithili okanye kwindawo engaphakathi-mzi.

Ukuba khomishini luyasekwa kwinqanaba ityala, isiqingatha nokubunjwa kwayo kumiselwa ngokusekelwe le migangatho ilandelayo:

- ukuba amagunya ikhomishini yonyulo kumgangatho wesithili akukho lunikelwa kubume lwengingqi 2 ilungu elingqamene kwiindawo zokuhlala ukufumana indawo yawo ngokusekelwe iziphakamiso indawo yekomiti yonyulo, kwaye abanye - kwizintlu zekhomishini ndawo;

- ukuba amagunya yesithili ikhomishini lonyulo kwiCEMIS uthumo indawo, amalungu uthumo onyulo yokuhlala wafumana indawo yayo ngokusekelwe izindululo Obumbe msebenzi ndawo;

- ukuba isakhiwo lwengingqi amagunya zidluliselwe kwi-ofisi yezithili uthumo lonyulo, zokusonjululwa amalungu ikhomishini iya kuthi aqeshwe ngenxa izindululo ezifunyenwe yi yikomiti lesithili.

Kulo mzekelo, izindululo wabeka phambili yiKhomishini Unyulo kwingingqi Wayelawulwa Russian Federation, ikhomishini yonyulo yesithili okanye uthumo ndawo aya mabazilungiselele kuthathelwa ingqalelo izimvo lwamaqumrhu karhulumente, izindululo abavoti, kwakunye ikhomishini lonyulo ubume sangaphambili ndawo.

Formation yeMisebenzi yonyulo yesithili

Inqanaba elilandelayo lomsebenzi yeMisebenzi yonyulo - isithili. uya kuba yintoni na nokwakhiwa yeMisebenzi yonyulo yesithili, ukumisela amagunya kwinqanaba kwisifundo RF, kwakunye namagunya kamasipala. Formation lobume ahambelanayo lwenziwa ngokwesiseko kwezindululo ezingenisiweyo ngendlela emiselwe ngumthetho federal, kwakunye kuthathelwe ingqalelo uluvo nabameli oomasipala kunye abavoti.

Ubuncinane isiqingatha Ukwakhiwa kwayo iKhomishini le yonyulo yesithili ekukhetheni nabasemagunyeni mxholo Russian Federation uya kumisela uthumo mkhulu ngokusekelwe izindululo efunyenwe kumaqela ezopolitiko. Ngenxa yoko, ukhetho lwe amagunya kamasipala kufuneka ithathele ingqalelo izimvo imibutho lonyulo, baye eyaye ilityumbile abaviwa yavuma ekubeni izihlalo isakhiwo ummeli kamasipala.

Formation yeMisebenzi zonyulo kagunyaziwe

Ukubunjwa ikhomishini yonyulo sendawo angamelwa inani lamalungu yivoti isigqibo, ukususela-5 ukuya 14. Formation kweekomiti zonyulo kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo yiKomishoni kwinqanaba wesifundo RF ngokusekelwe izindululo ngendlela emiselwe ngumthetho federal, kwakunye ukuma yokumelwa umasipala kunye abavoti.

Ukubunjwa zeekhomishoni yonyulo ndawo kufuneka lisekwa ubuncinane isiqingatha, kuthathelwa ingqalelo izindululo ezenziwe:

- amaqela ezopolitiko;

- unxulumano eyaye ilityumbile labaviwa sikhokelo lonikezelo nezigunyaziso kulwakhiwo ummeli kamasipala.

Ngoku sifunde iimpawu ukubunjwa yeMisebenzi zonyulo iindawo.

Formation yeMisebenzi zonyulo eyalathelwe

Ukubunjwa indawo yokuvotela i PEC lizimisele kuthathelwa ingqalelo izindululo ezingeniswayo ngendlela emiselwe ngumthetho federal, kwakunye ngokoluvo nabameli oomasipala kunye abavoti. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba inani kwezindululo ayiphelelanga mthetho.

I Precinct IKomishoni yoNyulo kufuneka ukuba ibe ngaphantsi kwesiqingatha kwakhiwa ikhomishini yonyulo ndawo ngenxa yokuba iingcebiso namacebo avela:

- amaqela ezopolitiko;

- imibutho zityumbe abagqatswa kwisikhokelo lonikezelo nezigunyaziso kulwakhiwo ummeli kamasipala.

Kusenokwenzeka ukuba, apho abemi owoyiswayo ngokuqukwa ikhomishini lonyulo kweli nqanaba zichasiwe kwi kwizikhundla zabo. Kulo mzekelo, sisincoko uqhelane iikhomishini eyalathelwe yonyulo, ikhomishini unyulo kuqhutywa kwinqanaba RF lwe sifundo ngendlela emiselwe CEC.

Imigaqo neenkqubo nokupheliswa amagunya yamalungu ikhomishini zonyulo

Khawuqwalasele enye inkalo yomsebenzi thumo elikhethwe Russian Federation - imiqathango kunye nenkqubo sokupheliswa amandla nxaxheba. Ngoko ke, ngokubhekiselele kumalungu yeMisebenzi khetho ilungelo lokuvota izigqibo, ngoko ixesha yabo ofisi ziya kuphelelwa ekupheleni kwe khomishini echaphazelekayo, ngaphandle kokuba kubonelelwe ngenye indlela ngumthetho.

Indlela ukuba lirhoxe kule ikhomishini yonyulo? UMthetho, le nkqubo nako kulawulwa.

Kwezinye iimeko, amagunya njengelungu lekhomishini lonyulo ukuba ivoti eyahlulayo inganqunyanyiswa sisigqibo zeKhomishoni, nto leyo, unokusekelwa ingxelo yokuba ngummi, ilungu ikhomishini lonyulo ekuqaleni elimisiweyo. Kodwa oku kunokwenzeka kuphela phantsi komqathango wokuba le nkqubo ingakhokeleli kwinto yokuba Ukwakhiwa kwayo iKhomishini le iyakuba ingagqitywanga. Ukuba le meko run akaphumeleli, Noko ke, amagunya ummi kunganqunyanyiswa ngokungqinelana nesigqibo omzimba wammisa ukuba abe lilungu le komishoni. Ukuba esi sakhiwo akukho isigqibo malunga nokuba ukuzisa abemi ezivela kwiKhomishini kwinyanga 1 (iintsuku ezili-10 kwisithuba phulo) ukususela kumhla xa ikomiti yonyulo ilungu wathumela inkcazo igunya phezu kukuyeka ikhomishini yonyulo, isigqibo ukuchitha ukuthunywa kwakhe unyulo igunya ifunyenwe ngqo kwisithuba seentsuku ezi-3 emva kokuphela ngemihla ethile.

Ukuqeshwa ilungu elitsha le ikhomishini

Ukuba ilungu ekuqaleni elimisiweyo ikhomishini baphuma kulo inkqubo ethile yomthetho, umzimba lo watyumba kuye, kufuneka zamenyelwa ikhomishini neyonyulo umviwa entsha - kwisithuba seentsuku ezili-10 emva kokuba isigunyaziso yamalungu babesakuba ikhomishini zaye zayekiswa, lo gama kukho ixesha eli phulo, okanye kwiinyanga ezi-3 - ngamanye amaxesha. Ukuba le mfuneko ayanelanga, ngoko ikomiti yonyulo omtsha uya kumisela ilungu isakhiwo ophezulu. Umzekelo, xa kukho imfuneko lokuvuma abaviwa-ofisi kwinqanaba zesifundo, eso sigqibo senziwe yi-Central Election Commission. Ukubunjwa yekomiti yonyulo lukamasipala, ke, kwamiswa inxaxheba nokugunyaziswa lingumxholo Russian Federation. Kunjalo, ukuqeshwa ilungu elitsha le ikhomishini lonyulo ngesakhiwo kuliwa, phambi kuyo uxanduva.

Ngelo xesha, ukuba uMenzi ikhomishini yonyulo Precinct, umntu kufuneka kuqeshwa ukususela izabelo, sesitshilo ngasentla. Le nkqubo yenziwa kuthathelwa ingqalelo iimfuno emiselwe ngumthetho yaye ngendlela emiselwe CEC.

ISimo samalungu yeMisebenzi khetho kwivoti iingcebiso: bokuqonda

Ngoko ke, siye wajonga indlela apho ummi eyenziweyo ukuqeshwa kwisikhundla selungu yonyulo ikhomishini yivoti isigqibo, njengoko kumiselwe kwimigaqo igunya lalo, yaye indlela ukuphuma kwiKhomishini nokuNyula ngendlela evunywe yi-mthetho RF. Ngoku sifunde iimpawu ngemeko amalungu yeMisebenzi zonyulo, mvisiswano leyo, kwelinye icala, kuba nevoti yengxoxo.

Aba bemi baye ngokubanzi namalungelo afanayo okuluphawu imisebenzi kwamalungu kunye iikhomishini amalungelo okuvota, ngaphandle kuba amandla ababandakanyekayo:

- kunikezelo nokusayina okuvota nonyulo kunye namaxwebhu abangekhoyo;

- ukuthatha inxaxheba inkqubo yokuqulunqwa koMthetho bavotele;

- ukuyilwa iziphumo yokuvota protocol;

- ngokuthatha inxaxheba ekwenzeni izigqibo kwimiba ukuba phakathi kobuchule myalelo, ngokunjalo amaxwebhu abo;

- ukuyilwa amatyala iprotocol.

Kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuqatshelwe ukuba umthetho ubonelela imithetho, njengoko apho amaqela ezopolitiko okanye imibutho ongenalungelo ukuphakamisa ukuze zamkelwe ngamalungu ekomiti zabaviwa eziliqela.

Imigaqo kunye nokupheliswa namandla ekomiti iqela njengabacebisi

Ukuba composition unyulo thumo Russian Federation ngokobungaphi bamalungu banelungelo nevoti yengxoxo, oqeshwe abaviwa ukuba zinyulwe, imibutho inxaxheba kulwabiwo nezigunyaziso, kwakunye amaqela ezopolitiko, ixesha lokuba sesikhundleni ihlala kude kube sekupheleni inkqubo kobhaliso lwabaviwa kunye nezintlu zabo unyulo olulandelayo kwigunya elifanelekileyo, okanye kwindawo efanayo.

Amagunya namanye amalungu uthumo lonyulo, noqhuba ngokusisigxina kunye ivoti yengcebiso liphela ekugqityweni kwephulo. Lo mthetho unika indlela apho ukupheliswa amagunya amalungu njengabacebisi kunokwenzeka ngexesha lokuyeka kwamagunya neekhomishini yonyulo efanelekileyo. Ukuba umviwa ayilwamkeli yobhaliso, wegunya nxaxheba njengabacebisi ayavalwa ngexesha nokukhutshwa nokwala ukuba babhalise.

Ngaphezu koko, umzimba ukuba iqeshe ilungu ngummi ikhomishini lonyulo kunye ivoti zokucebisa, ukuze qeda amagunya akhe. imithetho efanayo amiselwe ngumthetho kwaye zabaviwa. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuqatshelwe ukuba igunya nxaxheba njengabacebisi akukho kunganqunyanyiswa ukuba ikomishini ezifanelekileyo zonyulo ziza apheliswe.