Ubunzima molekyuli eliphantsi heparins: iziyobisi, ezibonisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa

Therapy of thrombosis kwaye thromboembolic iziganeko ayikho ngaphandle anticoagulants, eziquka ephantsi ezinto heparins weight. Ezi zizinto ekwakhiweni lwamayeza ukutshintsha igazi ekunqandeni, ngaloo ndlela abuyisele patency.

Zezinto anticoagulants ngqo

Ukuqwalasela indlela isiphumo iikhompawundi antithrombotic ukuze kuqatshelwe ukuba isenzo ngqo nengxelo-ntetho. I zisetyenziswa ngokuxhaphakileyo iqela lokuqala kwezinto.

Anticoagulants impembelelo ngqo kwi isakhiwo yahlulwe eliphantsi ezinto eziphilayo heparins ubunzima unfractionated. Banako ukuba ngqo thrombin inhibitor, ukuba kwenzeka njani, umzekelo, hirudin.

Low ubunzima heparins Feature ezinto

ngokwahlukileyo ngokuba zithako zabo fractionated ubunzima yakhe isusela ukususela 4000 ukuya 6000 daltons emolekyuli avareji. imisebenzi yabo ezinxulumene i inhibition engangqalanga nokusekwa kunye nomsebenzi we-thrombin enzyme. Loo lweeHedfowuni nefuthe enalo kwi coagulation igazi factor nagyo. Isiphumo i anticoagulant kunye nefuthe antithrombotic.

Low heparins ubunzima molekyuli lufumaneka izinto unfractionated ingadibani epithelium lusidla isisu, ngexesha lenkqubo depolymerization kwemichiza okanye enzymatic. Ngenxa yale yokusabela polysaccharide mxokelelwane bufinyeziwe omnye kwisithathu ubude bayo yantlandlolo, leyo inceda zokunciphisa molecule anticoagulant.

Kukho ezahlukeneyo ephantsi ezinto heparins ubunzima, yaye le yokuhlela isekelwe phezu ndlela yokufumana iikhompawundi yetyuwa-equlethe.

kunikezelo

imixube zabo izisombululo injectable lolawulo ongama okanye efakwa. Zidla zipakishwe ampules okanye iisirinji ezilahlwayo.

Low heparins ubunzima molekyuli akubangelwa emacwecweni.

amayeza Intramuscularly lisusiwe.

Inkcazelo "Gemapaksan" iziyobisi

Libhekisela kumachiza kunye neziphumo ngqo anticoagulant. Le esisebenza kuwo uhlobo enoxaparin sodium ityuwa, egqalwa yemvelaphi lweeHedfowuni. Le ukuguqulwa inika adsorption eliphezulu xa ehanjiswa kwesikhumba novakalelo ngamnye ephantsi.

It iveliswa yinkampani Italian "Italfarmako Spa" njengesisombululo ecacileyo, ezingenambala okanye ukukhanya-emthubi ukuba isitofu zahlanganiswa iisirinji ka-0.2, 0.4 okanye 0.6 ml.

enoxaparin sodium oyidlayo zezi 2000 IU ku-20 mg; 4000 IU 40 mg kunye 6000 mg 60 IU. Le esisebenza unyityilikiswa emanzini inaliti iziyobisi.
Enoxaparin sodium izibonakalisa xa kukho umthamo 100 IU-1 mg legalelo ophezulu inhibitory kwi coagulation igazi factor nagyo iinkqubo kunye antithrombin nempembelelo ephantsi nganye kwi idosi 28 IU nganye 1 mg.

Ukusetyenziswa zonyango zoqhaphelo iziyobisi zizifo ezahlukahlukeneyo oko kukhokelela ekwandeni ubude ukopha.

Umbala sodium enoksaparinovaya idosi akusenzi ixesha iyasebenza thromboplastin buso, ingangqubani i clumping zegazi kunye nenkqubo yabo uqhagamshelwano iimolekyuli lwefibrinogen.

ubunzima molekyuli Low heparins enamandla enkulu drug (6000 IU ngo-0.6 ml) ezisetyenziswa:

• kuba unyango lwe thrombosis ngemithambo enzonzobila;
• Ifomu angina ezingazinzanga kwaye mihle imeko kwezihlunu infarcted engabalulekanga nodibaniso acetylsalicylic acid;
• kuthintelo coagulation olwandileyo ngexesha inkqubo olugqitha esikhumbeni.

Intshayelelo nomthamo solution ongama-2000 no-4000 IU ka-0.2 no 0.4 ml, ngokulandelelana, kusetyenziswa ukukhusela thrombosis kunye nenkqubo imeko thromboembolic lwemithambo:

• ngexesha wamathambo imisebenzi kuhlinzwa uphawu;
• umandlalo izigulana insufficiency izifo okanye iyunithi inkqubo intliziyo 3 kunye nohlobo 4;
• nezifo ezosulelayo okanye samathambo etsolo, apho kukho into ingozi egazi;
• iziguli abadala;
• kunye excess namafutha isimemezelo;
• xa therapy hormone.

Ichiza kusetyenziswa kwesikhumba odongeni esiswini, xa ngomva kunye zone anterolateral.

Iyeza contraindicated ngenxa thrombocytopenia, ukopha, ukuphazamiseka kwamahlwili, isifo sisilonda le inwebu kwiinwebu esiswini kunye duodenum, subacute endocarditis ziibhakteriya, isifo seswekile, isifo seswekile, uvakalelo oluphezulu kunye nokukhulelwa.

"Gemapaksan" Medicine: ixabiso

Iindleko ukutofelwa 2000 IU isirinji ngo-0.2 ml amaqhosha amathandathu 955 engange.

Ukuze balawule ngaphezulu iziyobisi "Amanzi ixabiso Gemapaksan 'ukusuka engange-1,500 pack nganye kunye neesirinji ezintandathu.

Inkcazelo "Clexane" iziyobisi

Ibhekisela iindlela ezifanayo ngokusekelwe enoxaparin sodium. Iveliswe yinkampani French "Sanofi Aventis" njengoko isisombululo injectable ecacileyo oluno ezingenambala okanye ithinti emthubi kancinane.

Kukho oyidlayo "Clexane" ukulungiselela 10000, 8000, 6000, 4000 no-2000 IU of enoxaparin sodium ku 1.0; 0.8; 0.6; 0.4; 0.2 ml ichiza engamanzi, ngokulandelelana. Le nto inxaxheba Isisombululo 1 mg 1,000 IU.

Low heparins ubunzima molekyuli zakhiwa neesirinji iglasi, olunokuba kwindawo pack-2 okanye iziqwenga ezili-10.

Drug "Clexane" kwi thrombotic uthintelo lwe-HIV kunye nokuphazamiseka thromboembolic ngemithambo ngexesha ungenelelo ngotyando enxulumene amathambo, kunye olugqitha esikhumbeni.

Ewiliko aziswa kwesikhumba kwi kubulawe ithi lwemithambo thrombotic kwi kwemiphunga enzulu kwaye kungena umthambo.

Drug imphathe angina uhlobo engazinzanga zihlunu engabalulekanga amileyo kwaye engabalulekanga ngentsebenziswano emacwecweni "aspirin".

"Clexane" Medicine: ixabiso

Iindleko ukutofelwa 2000 IU 0.2 ml isirinji nganye 175 engange.

Enye unit ithamo 4,000 IU nge 0.4 ml miri 280 kuya kufuneka ukuba uhlawule 6,000 IU nganye 0.6 ml - 440 engange 8000 IU nganye 0.8 ml - 495 engange.

Ukulungiselela ixabiso "Clexane" unit lamaqhosha 10 nganye kunye ne nedosi ye-20 mg, 40 mg kunye 80 mg ngu-1685, 2750, 4000 engange.

Inkcazelo "Fragmin" iziyobisi

Ilungu elikhutheleyo ichiza yemvelaphi wenkqu lweeHedfowuni emelwe dalteparin sodium. Le efunyenwe depolymerization sisenzo ka oxide acid , kulandele zokuhlanjululwa ngokusebenzisa chromatography ion exchange. Dalteparinovaya sodium ityuwa iquka amatyathanga polysaccharide phantsi sulphation, kunye umlinganiselo ubunzima ngemolekyula ka amawaka amahlanu daltons.

Nezincedisi ezivelileyo Inaliti amanzi kunye sodium chloride ngetyuwa. Belgian medicament "Fragmin" ncwadi ichaza njengesisombululo ukuba isitofu ongama nolawulo efakwa kwifomu ulwelo ngaphaya ithinti ezingenambala okanye elityheli.

kokukhululwa kwawo iisirinji iglasi monodose ka-2500 IU 0.2 ml nganye; 5000 IU nganye 0.2 ml; 7500 IU nganye 0.3 ml; 10,000 IU ngo-1.0 ml; 12.500 IU ngo-0.5 ml; 15,000 IU nganye 0.6 ml; 18.000 IU ngalinye 0,72 ml.

Drug "Fragmin" manual uncoma ukusebenzisa njengenyathelo lokuthintela lokulawula mechanism igazi ekunqandeni kwimisebenzi ihaemodialysis kunye haemofiltration ejoliswe yonyango ukusilela kwezintso, ukuthintela ukuyilwa egazi kutyando.

Le medicament yenziwa kupheliswe izilonda thromboembolic izigulane ngumlwelwe.

Solution imphathe angina, iyahlozinga karhulumente kunye infarct engabalulekanga mihle kwemisipha, thromboembolism lingaze lwemithambo.

Inkcazelo ichiza "Anfibra"

eliphantsi ezinto heparins yayo ubunzima ibhekiswe inkampani Russian OJSC "Veropharm". Kukho isisombululo ocacileyo ngenaliti, esenokuba ithinti ezingenambala okanye elityheli.

Bha iindlela sodium enoxaparin ityuwa, nto leyo enokuthi equlethwe 2000 IU ngo-0.2 ml; 4000 IU nganye 0.4 ml; 6000 IU nganye 0.6 ml; 8000 IU nganye 0.8 ml; 10,000 IU e ml 1.0. Amanzi Yek isetyenziswa kuphela.

It prepacked ngo ampules okanye iisirinji of 1ml, ezo 2, 5, no-10 ziqwenga zipakishwe kwiipakethe emiba.

"Anfibra" umyalelo Drug kuyacetyiswa ukuvimbela imeko thromboembolic xa yokusebenza nokwenza izinto kunye ihaemodialysis kwi unyango wesiseko ihlwili nasezimpahleni ezinzulu-elele.

Isisombululo ngokuphatha uhlobo engazinzanga angina kunye kwentliziyo izihlunu infarct karhulumente apho kungekho izinyo Q kwi electrocardiogram.

Inkcazo "Fraksiparin"

Ngokobunzima molekyuli ephantsi heparins zezikaYe- calcium nadroparin, efunyanwa ngexesha lenkqubo depolymerization. iimolekyuli zalo glycosaminoglycans, i-avareji ubunzima beemolekyuli leyo ilingana no 4.300 Daltons.

Ukulungiselela "Fraksiparin" (izitofu ongama) kumafa yayo calcium hayidroksayidi netyuwa nadroparin, ezo unyityilikiswa emanzini injectable.

Umthamo esisebenza ngu 2850 KUM ngo-0.3 ml; 3800 ME 0.4 ml; 5700 ME 0.6 ml, 0.8 ME 7600 ml, 9500 KUM 1 ml.

Amalungiselelo i lulwelo ngaphaya okanye opalescent kancinane, nto leyo iba umbala otyheli ukukhanya okanye enemibala ngokupheleleyo.

Nadroparinovaya ityuwa protein elungileyo enebana antithrombin III, nto leyo ebangela inhibition olukhawulezisiweyo of factor nagyo. Le into isebenze inhibitor ukubonelela inguqu esiqwini factor, zehlisa viscosity igazi kunye nokwanda zegazi inwebu permeability kunye neeseli granulocytic. Ngoko bamthwala ukusebenza antithrombotic olufanelekileyo lwechiza.

Iinaliti "Fraksiparin" ebekiweyo ukuthintela imeko thromboembolic xa usebenzisa izakhi amathambo lomlinganiswa kunye olugqitha esikhumbeni. Ichiza yenziwa izigulane ukuba emngciphekweni omkhulu ihlwili legazi Ukwakheka, insufficiency ezihlasela zosulele ngokuphefumla kunye nesifo sentliziyo, iyahlozinga angina sifuba, engabalulekanga umsipha mihle engabalulekanga ukuba aswele Q-ngumtshangatshangiso.

Ukusetyenziswa anticoagulants e ngokuzala

ubunzima molekyuli Low heparins ekukhulelweni ababelwe ukuba izigulane abo ukopha ukuphazamiseka ukuba ayakhekanga le egazi igazi placental ezikhokelela isisu, ukuba preeklampsicheskomu of uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegazi, amaxolo izihlalo umntwana ukopha enzima, ibambezele ukukhula umbungu isibeleko, ebangela elisezantsi ubunzima baby.

anticoagulants ezinjalo lalathelwe amabhinqa indawo kunye ingozi ihlwili uluhlu imithambo enzulu, umzekelo yesiqephu asezantsi, kwakunye lung kwemithambo occlusion.

Unyango LMWH yinkqubo buhlungu, apho umntu okhulelweyo ongena iziyobisi imihla ngaphantsi kwesikhumba esiswini.

Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha kokuhlola clinical zifunyenwe iziphumo zovavanyo leyo zingqina ukuba ukusetyenziswa anticoagulants basoloko ungakuvumeli ukuba nemiphumela emihle. Kwakhona bafumanisa ukuba ubunzima izakhi ephantsi heparins unyango banokubenzakalisa emzimbeni kamama ezinxulumene ukopha okwandileyo nokwehla ntlungu njengozalayo.

Ezi zifundo ziye zabonisa ukuba ukupheliswa unyango anticoagulant ungagcina nabafazi abaninzi iimpawu ezingeyomfuneko iintlungu ngexesha ethwele umntwana.

Imiyalelo ukusetyenziswa ngamalungiselelo ngokusekelwe eliphantsi ezinto therapy weight lweeHedfowuni into contraindicated ngexesha lokukhulelwa.