Izixhobo zeplastiki: ncomo. izifakelelo zeplastiki ukuba isiseko: ncomo. Ukusetyenziswa kunye abalinganiswa lwezilinganisi zeplastiki

Fibreglass nokuqiniswa kuyinto material isakhiwo olusekelwe ukwakhiwa ezinxulumene entsokothileyo imicu. Yenziwe kwi kwisiseko imicu abangelwe, iglasi kunye carbon, kwaye zidityaniswe. Noko ke, ethandwa uninzi abangelwe-zeplastiki kunye fiberglass unyanzeliso.

Ukususela oko iveliswa?

It iqulathe izahlulo ezibini zingahlukaniswa. Okokuqala - komgqomo, apho ifumana izinto eziphakamileyo amandla. Imicu ke amaqhina oqhagamshelwano ipholiyesta nentlaka edityanisiweyo. Umaleko engaphandle isetyenziselwa ukukhusela adhesion ku ikhonkrithi: umzimba ezinezikhondo, leyo nakrucheno helically ehlabathini umphanda. Kungenxa ngokusebenzisa izixhobo ukwakheka iplastiki leyo yadla emihle ethembekileyo eziphathekayo ukuze kwakhiwe. Kukho ukwahlukahlukana ezahlukeneyo imifuziselo izixhobo, ezinye zazo kakhulu ezingaqhelekanga. Kuba imveliso rebar kusetyenziswa fiberglass. peculiarity lwayo kukuba ehlabathini kukho phantse ezizodwa neempawu ezintle ukwandisa kakhulu imihlaba isicelo. Ukongeza, le nkcazelo mihla nefanelekileyo, yaye ke ngoko ayikwazanga kuba ngcono uyazanelisa na iimfuno zale nkqubo yokwakha.

Xa intliziyo naluphi Ukuqinisa yeglasi-ifayibha isekelwe kumacandelo amabini. Okokuqala - material nokuqinisa ngokwawo, le yesibini - le Umatshini (umxube, olusekelwe epoxy nentlaka). Umlinganiselo kula macandelo - 75 ukuya kwengama-25 Ukuqinisa edityanisiweyo yonke imithwalo mechanical kwenzeka candelo ukomeleza ngoxa ziqine - uhlobo lwe matrix ukuba isasaze umthwalo phezu shaft ikhusela ngayo kwimpembelelo yangaphandle.

Iresiphi iqhelekileyo kungathathwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: njengoko ikhonkco okanye abangelwe ifayibha kunxibelelwano usetyenziswa resin epoxy, ukongeza a nokubethelela rovings iglasi ifayibha, ukwakhiwa eziphathekayo iya kubandakanya arhente enganyangekiyo kunye namafutha. Nangona kunjalo, kunye nobulungu jikelele ayikho, ekubeni umenzi nganye kwakha inkqubo yalo.

Yintoni imfihlelo ethandwayo?

Ndimele ndithi xa kuthelekiswa ne iimveliso izinto metal zeplastiki namhlanje sifuna kakhulu ngakumbi. Ngaphezu koko, ukusetyenziswa lwezilinganisi zeplastiki na nayiphi na inkqubo yokwakha. Oku kuphunyezwa ngokuthi iimpawu ezininzi:

1. Ukumelana umhlwa, bume ndlongondlongo, kubandakanywa bume obrak eziphathekayo. Ngokungafaniyo metal, iplastiki akuthethi namhlwa yaye akafuni ukuyisonga. Ezi mpawu igalelo yokuba izakhiwo zeplastiki ezisetyenziswa kakhulu izixhobo mkhumbi, ukukhusela izakhiwo imizimba kwamanzi.
2. Ukuthembeka kunye nokuqina kwayo, nto leyo iimveliso zeplastiki mkhulu ngaphezu koko ngentsimbi. Nantso ukuthembeka ivumela ukuba siwasebenzise ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo zokwakha ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo kunye nesiqulatho.
3. uqine amandla High.
4. Ndandifeketha nokuqiniswa umzekelo, xa kuthelekiswa ne-ntlobo sentsimbi yeplastiki izihlandlo ezihlanu ngaphantsi ubunzima kunye namaxesha ngaphantsi kwe 11 ubukhulu. Ezi zikhombisi zibonisa ukuba unako ukusindisa ngemisebenzi yokwakha, kwakunye ukuthuthwa imathiriyeli into.
5. conductivity Low thermal, nto leyo kwelo gumbi akuthethi ugodole kwakhona. Hayi ngengozi liya kusetyenziselwa Ukuqinisa yeplastiki isiseko: bokwakha ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuphumeza ukusebenza ngendlela omkhulu ngokuncama izinto kwezoqoqosho.
6. Ukumelana namaza erediyo.
7. izicelo kunokwenzeka kumaqondo obushushu ezahlukeneyo: degrees -70 ukuya +100.
8. Ixabiso: Thenga izixhobo imitha zeplastiki kuza kubiza kakhulu, umzekelo, neqhekeza wemitha enye intonga yesinyithi.

Features Composite GRP

Composite fiberglass rebar inxaxheba kurhwebo lwasemakhaya wabonakala nje kudala kangaka, yaye namhlanje ingqalelo ubuchwepheshe obutsha. Oku izifakelelo zeplastiki nayo yadla elungileyo, njengoko unenani yeenzuzo phezu noogxa yesinyithi. Okokuqala, izakhiwo ezinjalo elula, isiseko uya kuba mkhulu kakhulu umthwalo, nto leyo ethetha ukuba sakhiwo siza kuhlala ixesha elide kangaka. Okwesibini, ngenxa yokuba amandla aphezulu uqine loo unyanzeliso zingasetyenziswa ukwakhiwa izinto ezintsonkothileyo noshowo zezinto. Okwesithathu, izinto edityanisiweyo iyamelana bume ndlongondlongo yaye baziphathe ombane.

Kwelinye icala, izifakelelo zeplastiki esihlangene siye modulus siethe elastic xa kuthelekiswa iimveliso zentsimbi. Ingakumbi luthambe esiqatha ekuphulukwana ukufudumeza ukuya degrees 600 zizonke. Kodwa kwelinye icala, ikwayile luphawu uthetha egameni ukusetyenziswa lwezilinganisi zeplastiki for obandayo bamfumana isiseko, nto leyo ibaluleke kakhulu uqine.

Zisasilela Apho kuyimfuneko?

iikhowudi Building kunye neminye imigaqo bacebisa ukusetyenziswa Ukuqinisa oyintlanganisela kule misebenzi ilandelayo:

1. Iipleyiti ziyangenana: Ngokuqhelekileyo, ivelufa ibekwa kwindawo ephezulu okanye esezantsi eziphathekayo, iklasi kufuneka B25 eziphathekayo.
2. Xa zokomeleza izakhiwo ezenziwe ngekhonkrithi eziphathekayo luqiniswe.
3. Ngenxa ukwakhiwa kweziseko, kunye Uziro ukwenzeka.
4. Ekwakhiweni kuqiniswe apho usethubeni lokuba bume ndlongondlongo.
5. Xa umsebenzi wokulungisa enxulumene umonakalo le eziphathekayo ngenxa yesenzo kumajelo ndlongondlongo.
6. Kuba Ukomeleza wamatye, ingakumbi ukuba kwenziwa ebusika.

Apho kusetyenziswa fiberglass rebar?

Umda lo zokwakha kumba:

1. Kuba ufakelo isiseko. Ngenxa yobugorha fiberglass alolulele kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzisa yona ukwakhiwa izinto kwesiseko. Okokuqala, ukufakela elula. Okwesibini, isiseko kuya okuqinileyo. izifakelelo zeplastiki ukuba isiseko ifumana ncomo HIV ngenxa yokuba uyakwazi ukudala isiseko monolithic. Ibekwe ngqo kwi mxube eziphathekayo ngexesha lenkqubo eyahlulayo, apho adhesion iba ukuqina. Ngoko ke ukuba akukho pores kunye ukuqanda okuhlangana, kusetyenziswa iingcali izixhobo lokungcangcazela ezizodwa.
2. Xa izixhobo yamandla aphezulu ombane. Ekubeni oyifundayo non-conductive, i-eneji ziya kulahleka ubuncinane, zingaxhatshazwa iya kukhuseleka khona.
3. izixhobo zeplastiki, abakhi ifumana ncomo HIV ngenxa yokusebenza kwalo. Ngenxa yoko, ukuba ingasetyenziswa ukwandisa amandla lwendlela, ezinde, kwo.
4. izinto Composite asisiseko ekuvelisweni sleepers. Ngenxa okukhulu, ngezenzo kuqhekeze eziphathekayo, kwakufuneka izinto ezintsha, kwaye fiberglass unyanzeliso yaba isisombululo echanekileyo nolusebenzayo.
5. Metal ayahlukanga ukumelana ndlongondlongo eendaba, ukufuma, izinyibilikisi, acids, ngokulandelelana, iyahlala yawo enkulu kakhulu. Fibreglass, asetyenziswe ekwakheni kwizibuko, piers, imiqobo ezahlukeneyo kwi elunxwemeni, ubonisa ukusebenza kakuhle.
6. ezifakwe Yeye eyenziwe ngeplastiki, yaye izixhobo imigodi xa kulungiswa enemingxuma okhethekileyo ekhusela iindonga kunye abaluqilima ekuweni zam, oqondela kubo.
7. Ayikwazi ukwenza ngaphandle eziphathekayo ngenxa ukulungisa ubushushu okanye izinto khazi eludongeni ogqityiweyo.

Imihlobo fiberglass unyanzeliso

izifakelelo zeplastiki isakhiwo ngoku kusetyenziswa ngakumbi kwaye kaninzi, ngenxa iimpawu zalo ezahlukileyo. Ukongeza, kukho unyanzeliso edityanisiweyo namhlanje iqondwa inani kwezakhiwo non-ebuntsimbi, nto leyo ayanda kakhulu imihlaba zezicelo zabo. Ngoko ke, abenzi namhlanje basondeze fiberglass kunye abangelwe rebar. Kulo mzekelo, nentlaka Polymer yekeyeke imicu unako ukukhonza ezahlukeneyo izinto, nganye eneyazo uneempawu zawo.

Naziphi na izinto zokwakha ezisetyenziswa ngokusekelwe imithetho ethile kunye neemfuno. Ngokuphathelele oku Ukuqinisa edityanisiweyo. izixhobo zeplastiki, apho iimpawu zahlukahlukene kakhulu, asetyenziswe ekwakheni ngokusekelwe isniphu, ezivunywe ngo-2003. Hi ndlela leyi, zonke uhlobo kwezinto ilawulwa ngumvelisi, yaye ke ngoko ukuba bahambelana nalaa mabinzana parameters ukuba kuchazwe ekuqaleni.

Ezifakwe ukuba isiseko: ukuba ukhetha njani?

Namhlanje, kwindawo engasese endlwini-isakhiwo liya kusetyenziswa izifakelelo yeplastiki ukuba isiseko. Iingcali acebise xa kokuba ikhethwe ukuba isicelo kwabathengisayo agunyazisiweyo kunye nabenzi ethembakeleyo, ngenxa umgangatho umbandela iya kuxhomekeka amandla ukuqina isakhiwo xa sisonke. Dlala i iimveliso umgangatho indima ebalulekileyo, kwakunye lexinene ngokubhijela iglasi ehanjiswayo lonke ubude yentonga. Jiko mazizaliswe ngokufanelekileyo. materials eliphezulu - oku kulukhetho kakhulu izixhobo nasiphi na isiseko - slab, iteyiphu okanye columnar. Khetha uhlobo kufuneka isekelwe koko ethwele umthamo umhlaba, kwakunye umthwalo isakhiwo xa sisonke.

Ukuqinisa isiseko kuyimfuneko ukuze enze umthwalo kwisakhiwo isiseko uniform ngakumbi ngexesha lokusebenza. Eziphathekayo amandla compressive ezahlukeneyo, kodwa ingqibelelo yayo noshowo zingaba sengozini phantsi komthwalo. Ke unyanzeliso kwaye abafumana adhesion nangakumbi eziphathekayo, ngokulandelelana, isiseko iba namandla yaye athembeke. Iimfuno eziphambili xa kukhethwa imidlalo kufuneka abe noku kulandelayo:

• ngokubonelela adhesion engqongqo ukuze eziphathekayo;
• kwalo;
• nezimo;
• ukumelana namhlwa umhlwa.

Valve inakho ukusebenza, ngamanye ukunciphisa ombane kunye nomthwalo zangaphandle kwakunye unikezelo xa umthwalo ngokulinganayo kuthunyelwa entongeni ngalinye - kuyanceda ukulondoloza yokubekwa elichanekileyo yentonga operation. Kunye nezibopho iintonga udityanisiwe kwisakhelo, ukukhusela eziphathekayo ukuba ng. imivalo ezinqamlezayo ukuphepha ukuvela neentanda ithambekele kweli lesiseko, kwaye longitudinal - ukusuka nkqo.

isisekelo esinombhalo

Xa kusakhiwa olu hlobo isiseko efunekayo izixhobo kunye kumphezulu exabe enobubanzi hayi ngaphantsi kwe-10 mm. Yeyona ubukhulu iphembelela ubungakanani esiqinileyo iya kukulungela. izifakelelo zeplastiki ukuba isiseko, izimvo zazo kanye njengokuba okulungileyo, kufuneka zikhethwe kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lomhlaba. Zicingele ukuba nepuchinistom kunye ashinyeneyo, ngamanye ethwele umthamo elungileyo nokuzabalazela deformation, nezinyuko apha inokuba amancinci. Ukuba indlu enkulu, kodwa emhlabeni ethambileyo, ivelufa kufuneka yatyeba - malunga 14-16 mm. Kwimeko ngobuwena enjalo, kwipleyiti kugunyaziso liya kuba phezulu nezisezantsi, kwaye inani elipheleleyo imivalo - mkhulu kuno 100. ukubopha Isenokuba kwenziwa ngeendlela ezininzi. Umzekelo, bangathungelana iintonga unyanzeliso yokuqala ibhanti asezantsi longitudinally kwaye transversely, uze uzifake kubo iintonga nkqo, ngoko kwakhona transversely kwaye longitudinally. Xa weluka Ukuqinisa fiberglass iyavakala ukusebenzisa izibopho namaqhina eyenziwe ngeplastiki. Oku njalo-ebizwa zikhwela iimazi umboniso zeplastikhi ifanelekile.

Strip isisekelo

Ngokuqhelekileyo, isiseko tape lunobude ngaphezu ububanzi. Ngako oko, eli khasethi ngenxa yobungakanani encinane utyekelo ezahlukeneyo ukugoba, ngamxhel'omnye ukwakhiwa isiseko enjalo ingasetyenziswa nge semigudu ubukhulu ezincinane. Le peculiarity yale isiseko ekufuneka ezimbini ibhanti unyanzeliso enoba ukuphakama kwakhe yintoni. Inkqubo ngokubekwa unyanzeliso ngu: inxalenye ephezulu nesezantsi isiseko kumgama-5 cm ukusuka kumphezulu eziphathekayo imivalo longitudinally eDibanisa okuninzi - ukuba babe umthwalo yonke xa kuthe deformation. Nokuqiniswa imivalo eziliqela zingasetyenziswa ezibuthathaka okanye Nokukhuza lomhlaba, ngokunjalo ekwakhiweni kwezindlu wonke kakhulu. Ilungele ukwakhiwa umcu kwesiseko fiberglass unyanzeliso - F6 brand kunye F7 (ngokuba izindlu umgangatho omnye), brand F8 kunye nee- feeder # 10 - ngokuba Izakhiwo zokuhlala yokugcina impahla okanye imigangatho ezimbini.

isisekelo pier

nezilinganisi zeplastiki Good (ratings ukuqinisekisa kuyo) kunye ukwakha isakhiwo. Xa nokubethelela imivalo izixhobo zesinyithi luncedo enobubanzi kwe-10 mm okanye fiberglass uMondli # 6. Njengoko ezimile kubhetele ukuba ukhethe izixhobo kunye kumphezulu exabe, aze emveni kufuneka kuphela ukubophelela iintonga ikwisakhelo enye. Isakhelo nokuqiniswa na ubude bar 2-4 kunye ukuphakama kwentsika. Umzekelo, zokomeleza ukuphakama kwikholam oziimitha ezi-2 yaye ububanzi of 20 cm kuya kufuneka uMondli # 6 intonga ezine. Kufuneka ibekwe kwi-10 cm enye kwenye, kwakunye okukanye F4 ubukhulu ezigudileyo efanelekileyo okanye F5. Kuba naluphi na uhlobo siseko kuza kufuna ngakumbi izixhobo ze nemibhobho zeplastiki.

Iimpawu nokufakwa ukusukelwa

Isiseko - yinxalenye ebalulekileyo nasiphi na isakhiwo, umgangatho wayo kunye nokuthembeka - siqinisekiso sokuba kuya kuhlala ixesha elide yaye umkhonze ngokuthembekileyo. Xa nokubethelela isiseko kufuneka wasondela ngobulumko. Qwalasela indlela i izifakelelo zeplastiki viscous ukuba strip lesiseko, ekubeni isetyenziswa ngokufuthi abucala ekwakheni indlu. Nokubophelela iyafuneka ukuze zenze isakhiwo le ebuhlanti yandisa omanyeneyo ngokomelela. imivalo ubanxibe kwezo ndawo apho phambana. Iqhekeza wire uyaguqa embindini, ngoko ke ubeke phezu umlobothi okhethekileyo, olusetyenziswa ivalve kwaye kwaqiniswa. Indlela elula ukuluka kukuba ukusebenzisa ngentambo zeplastiki.

Xa ukudala inkqubo ekubetheleleni kwemithambo zeplastiki kunye nezilinganisi kubalulekile. Owona msebenzi wayo - ukukhuthaza ngesibopheleli irobust ezongeziweyo kunye oluthembekileyo kunye kwizinti zeplastiki. Izinto ezithandwa kakhulu kule nkalo ke latches luthathwa, leyo ezikhethekileyo iinkcukacha mortgage nokukhuthaza umaleko yokhuselo kunye ubukhulu ethile kwi eziphathekayo. Isamba for nokuqiniswa weplastiki wadala yi ukulahlwa polyethylene phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu. Iyimfuneko ukuze kufumaneke indawo imivalo ukomeleza izakhelo eziya kubonelela umaleko ibakhusela wesakhiwo okanye eziphathekayo. Yamasango enokuthi yenziwe ngayo imiphezulu tye kunye nkqo, kwakunye ukwakha formwork.

Njani na Ukuqinisa zeplastiki?

Ukugqiba ukuba ukwakha indlu yakho, khangela ukuba izinto ezininzi ezincinane kwaye uqale ukwakha isiseko. Abantu abaninzi bayazibuza malunga nalapho ukuthenga izixhobo zeplastiki. Iingcali ukucebisa ukuba uqhagamshelane iinkampani bungqinelwa, kuba ivela isiseko sendlu, umgangatho walo kunye nokuthembeka kuxhomekeke phakade iinkonzo zokwakha. Izixhobo ekuveliseni kugunyaziso lubiza kakhulu, ngokuxhomekeke umgangatho walo kunye nomgangatho izinto.

izixhobo zeplastiki, ukuveliswa oluqhutywa kwizixhobo phezulu-zobugcisa, unako kuveliswa ngobubanzi ezahlukeneyo - 4-24 mm. Ngokuxhomekeka kuhlobo kumgca liya kuba linani eyahlukileyo imivalo kwakunye amacandelo umnqamlezo ezahlukeneyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, izixhobo unikezelo iquka uluhlu lwezixhobo - lwefowuni nebomvu lokushushubeza ukumitha webhate phambi Yokutshayelela isixhobo kunye lwekhabhinethi yolawulo. Ngoko ke, izixhobo unyanzeliso zeplastiki kufuneka zikhethwe ngokufanelekileyo ukwenza inkqubo ngempumelelo.

izixhobo zeplastiki: ncomo umthengi

Xa uhlolo yayo, abakhi - abantu abanamava akunjalo - bavumelane into enye: isiseko obandayo izifakelelo zeplastiki bamba nje egqibeleleyo. Ngokomzekelo, abanye wasebenzisa indibanisela zentsimbi kunye zeplastiki iintonga: Iizilebhu isiseko kunye neendonga ongaphantsi zadalwa ngokusekelwe yeplastiki, idlulela apho izinto eziyimfuneko eyomeleleyo ayesekelwe ngentsimbi. Ngokutsho abaninzi, yaye kube lula ukusukelwa kuthelekiswa unyanzeliso ngesinyithi okubangelwa kwayingcongolo enye. Ngokutsho neqondo uqine nokuzabalazela kubola ngaphezu kwemithambo zeplastiki nazo emsebenzini.

Kodwa ke, kwelinye icala, akakwazi ukwenza ngaphandle ncomo ezimbi. Liyinyaniso elokuba, ngokutsho kwakhe, ezi ntsilelo usekude idlula iingenelo. Ngokomzekelo, kukholelwa ukuba emva kokusebenza fiberglass ukurhawuzelela. Ngaphezu koko, sigobe ngayo ukuvelisa, umzekelo, i-engile ngohlobo koonobumba okanye T n cishe kungenakwenzeka. Ngokwenza njalo, abenzi gxininisa ukuba kugunyaziso fiberglass kufuneka isetyenziswe kuphela ukufakelwa isiseko.

Steel okanye iplastiki: ukuba ukhetha

Kuba saqala ekwakhiweni kusoloko kukho umba obalulekileyo kulukhetho izinto. Umzekelo, kuyilo isiseko kubalulekile ukwenza i Ukuqinisa elinobuchule ayikokubambana ngendlela. Kakade ke, kwimeko ukwakhiwa sebhate, ungasebenzisa imivalo yesinyithi elula, kodwa ukuzikhethela ikhaya elungileyo? Namhlanje, ukhetho phakathi izakhiwo zentsimbi kunye zeplastiki, nganye eneyazo iimpawu zayo ahlukile kunye kuneengxaki. Ukuba sithethe ukufaneleyo, babe kuncitshiswa zibe ngongoma zilandelayo:

Njengoko ubona, amancedo iindidi kokulungisa abangakumbi. Bobubi ngensimbi zezi: kukuvela ngokudleka ubunzima eliphezulu isakhiwo, lo gama i Ukuqinisa iplastiki eqinileyo ngokwemiqathango yokugoba yokusebenza. Ngenxa yoko, nemimiselo yayo fiberglass rebar akukho ndlela ngaphantsi ngentsimbi, kubalulekile kube lula. Kwelinye icala, kubalulekile ukukhumbula malunga iimpawu kokwakhiwa isakhiwo esithile. Ngokomzekelo, xa ufuna ukwenza izinto uqhagamshelwano kunye nodonga khazi, kunokwenzeka ukuba usebenzise ivalve ngokusekelwe zeplastiki. Kodwa xa imigangatho izixhobo eziphathekayo luqiniswe ukusetyenziswa ngcono ukwakhiwa evuthiweyo, ngathi ngenxa ubunzima enkulu ziyabuya xa ikhonkrithi obegalelwe. Ngoko, xa ukhetha yoyilo unyanzeliso kufuneka athathe ingqalelo izinto eziliqela, nto leyo ithetha ukuba kungcono ukuthatha uncedo lobungcali kwiingcaphephe.