Turner: gcisa ngaphambi kwexesha lakhe

Uilyam Terner - artist yaseBritani, owadala kumhlaba ezintsha romantic kunye watercolors, neoli. imisebenzi yakhe kamva ayiqondwanga kwaye bayaxatyiswa bexesha lakhe. Nangona kunjalo, umsebenzi wakhe olufundwa ngokunzulu Klod Mone, kunye nempembelelo yalo opeyintayo akunakwenzeka ukuba umngeni French Impressionists.

Turner, umculi biography

Yaziwa into enye: Uilyam Terner wazalwa eLondon ngo 1775 waza wabhaptizwa ngoMeyi 14. Bawo, iinwele kunye iwigi uMenzi, a William oneminyaka eli-10 ubudala bathunyelwa kuqeqesho kuyisekazi kwidolophu encinane Brentford, leyo umi iThames. Apha Umfana uqala ukupeyinta landscapes endalweni. UYise ubeka watercolors yakhe kwivenkile yakhe iinwele kunye ngovuyo uxelela abathengi bakhe ukuba unyana wakhe Uilyam Terner - lomculi okanye, ubuncinane, uza abe mnye.

Academy of Arts

Ngelo elinesihlanu, wadlula iimviwo, nto leyo Wamthabatha uYoshuwa Reynolds, waza waqalisa ukufunda. Turner - umculi, leyo ekholelwa kuyena wabumba uThomas Malton, draftsman kunye unocanda. Kodwa, Ukuthatha umongameli we Academy, yena phantsi ehlaselwe yimibono zobuciko. Kwaye ke lemifanekiso wokuqala Turner, kwaye ukupeyinta neoli yokuqala, wabulawa 1790, kuboniswa kwakhona Academy kumboniso.

imveliso waphawula

Kodwa ke eyona wachukunyiswa umsebenzi, ebhalwe ngo 1796. Oku "Abalobi at Sea". Sele kulo msebenzi ekuqaleni, ukubukela wabo abawuthandayo isixhobo compositional, leyo Turner igcisa uya kusebenzisa kakhulu ebomini bam - kube okweqanda, kwakunye umxholo - umfanekiselo isaqhwithi, kwaye ovuthuzayo izigigaba kakhulu, nto leyo eya kungena wonke umsebenzi wakhe. ukuloba isikhephe ebusuku usengozini. ukukhanya kwenyanga, ngoko ukufihla, bonisa amafu uzikrazule udakumbile. Iveza umehluko ngokukhanya efudumeleyo isibane kwi emkhombeni. Kodwa ke akukacaci ukuba yintoni eza kwenzeka ebusuku lilishwa lusilwa. Le marina ngokweemvakalelo kakhulu kunempembelelo enkulu kwi Horace Vernet kunye nabanye abaninzi.

Turner eYurophu

Ukususela ngo 1802, xa opeyintayo ukhululekile kumajelo eendaba, wenza uhambo ngeenxa Europe. Turner watyelela eSwitzerland, France (wafunda i Louvre) kwaye ngonaphakade wayemthanda Venice.

landscape painting

In imi--10-20 ngomdla ukusebenza komhlaba Uilyam Terner, i igcisa ogama imizobo izele luthando. Usadla ethembekile izithethe landscape IsiNgesi. Bona abhalwe indoda neqhayiya uthanda le mizekelo wombala kunye nokukhanya. Uyabhala ngesihle. Ngamanye amaxesha zongeza umsebenzi wentsomi imifanekiso yazo. Ngowe-1815, emva kokuba kukujaduka mlilo Tambora (Indonesia), kwi-atmosfere wabonakala mlilo. Ngenxa yokuba iziphumo umdla okubonakalayo. Kwelanga baba umthombo yashukumisa ngumzobi. imibala eqaqambileyo yasekwindla kwi "Chichester Canal" neze ngengozi. Kodwa ke sele nomdla ikhephu, imvula, inkungu zonke iintlekele zendalo. Ngoko ke, ngo-1812 kwi "Transition ithawula Crossing Alps" uchazwa uzinkcinkca isiqalelo ekulweni kwakhe akabalibali ngale ndoda, yena ubonisa ubuncinane bakhe nobuthathaka. Kunye nobukhulu zasendle ihlabathi kunye nohlobo ongaphuhliswanga ubungqina kwamandla kaThixo.

features isimbo

ukuzimela Financial wavumela Turner ukuba ukuqalisa ngokukhululekileyo umsebenzi wakhe aqolileyo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba umthengi. Xa indlela puzzle fantastic ebethanda ukubhala nazo endalo.

Kwiminyaka 67, ngo-1842 waza wadala "Snow isiphango ebusuku." Inqanawa ibonakale ayifiki sesaqhwithini uguqulela le elunxwemeni ngesikhitshana. Zonke ugalelwe kwi ngelaphu, phantse abstract: squally umoya, nto leyo iphakamisa amaza amakhulu kwaye iqhuba amafu ikhephu ephantsi, nokuba umsi kunye umphunga, emoyeni umkhumbi. Uzama ibonakale ayifiki kwi kwizibuko ikhoyo. Umoya ovuthuzayo, basonta zonke okweqanda ecacileyo embindini apho uyawalwela ubomi wobugcisa.

Turner kunye nokuqaliswa kwenkqubo yezoshishino

Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XVIII iqala eNgilani, i Revolution Industrial. Ukufika koololiwe zomphunga neenqanawa nangoko waqalisa ukuba ziboniswe umsebenzi womntu, okwakha yonke into entsha. Turner - lomculi ogama imizobo ngoku ukuvezwa buciko. Kulo, yena kuqala yonke yayo ngabapeyinti-bexesha. Kwi ngelaphu, koko wathi: "Imvula, Steam, Isantya" (1844), i-intshukumo nkqi engaqhelekanga le kaloliwe wadlula. Laphula ekuchaseni umoya ubunzima kwemali evela inkungu ubona kaloliwe. Yena wayengoyiki kuzo naziphi na iimeko zemozulu. Uyabathanda wegcisa kobugcisa owayephila ezifana Okumangalisayo yethu xa safumanisa ukuba umntu waqhekeza emajukujukwini, xa iikhompyutha okokuqala. Lo indoda eliqina ebonisa abantu ukuba yintoni abanokuyenza, kunye bomhla wakhe ecela omnye - agudileyo, sweet Venus, cwaka ofudumeleyo ezintle, kunye amagqabi amaninzi ngononophelo kunye neentyatyambo landscape.

impilo Personal

Kwiminyaka bakhe omncinane, kude kokufa kukayise ngo-1829, Turner ndandihlala naye. Utata wam umhlobo nomncedi. Umpeyinti kwaye thiki ukutshata, nangona wayehlala umhlolokazi owayemdala Sarah Danby. Kwayo umzobi wayeneentombi ezimbini.

Kamva, wachitha iminyaka eli-18, wayehlala Kerolayn Kodwa Chelsea. Apho wafa ngo-1851. Kuthiwa ukuba amazwi akhe ophelileyo "Ilanga -. Kuyintando kaNkulunkulu Artist wangcwatywa isicelo yakhe ST. UPawulos ecaleni Nkosi Joshua Reynolds.